Amir Alvandi

زمینه و هدف: هلیکوباکتر پیلوری اولین باکتری سرطان زای شناخته شده و عامل بیماری های گاسترودئودنال متعددی است. هدف از این پژوهش ارزیابی محیط کشت غنی شده با تخم مرغ به منظور جداسازی هلیکوباکتر پیلوری از نمونه های بیوپسی گرفته شده از بیماران مبتلا به بیماری های گاسترودئودنال و مقایسه آن با تست اوره آز سریع بوده است. روش بررسی: این مطالعه مقطعی (توصیفی- تحلیلی) بر روی 192 بیمار مراجعه کننده به بخش آندوسکوپی بیمارستان امام خمینی کرمانشاه در سال1391 انجام شد. از هر بیمار دو نمونه بیوپسی از ناحیه آنتروم و دو نمونه بیوپسی از ناحیه کورپوس گرفته شد. نمونه های بیماران با استفاده از آزمون های تست اوره آز سریع و کشت در محیط انتخابی کلمبیا آگار غنی شده با تخم مرغ و حاوی آنتی بیوتیک مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. پس از کشت از رنگ آمیزی گرم و آزمایشات بیوشیمیایی به منظور تعیین هویت نهایی هلیکوباکتر پیلوری استفاده گردید. برای به دست آوردن حساسیت، ویژگی و کارآیی از نرم افزارهای kappa calculator و SPSS استفاده شد. یافته ها: از مجموع 192 نمونه بیوپسی گرفته شده 98 نمونه (10/51 درصد) در آزمون اوره آز سریع مثبت و...

To gain a better understanding of transmission and selecting appropriate measures for preventing the spread of Helicobacter pylori, the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of H. pylori in drinking water samples in Kermanshah, Iran. Drinking water samples were collected from around Kermanshah and filtered through 0.45 μm nitrocellulose filters. The bacterial sediment was subjected to DNA extraction and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for H. pylori detection using newly designed primers targeted at the conserved region of the ureC gene. The overall detection rates for H. pylori DNA in the water samples were 56% (66/118) with a frequency of 36% (25/70) in tap water samples and 85% (41/48) in wells. The detection limit was 50 bacteria per liter of filtered water and a pure H. pylori DNA copy number of 6 per reaction. Based on the evidence we may suggest that recontamination occurred and H. pylori entered into the water piping system through cracked or broken pipes or was...

1Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran 2Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, IR Iran 3Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran 4Center for Infectious Disease Control, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, IR Iran 5Deputy of Health, Social Medicine and Biostatistics, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran 6Department of Virology, College of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran 7Abozar Children Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran 8Statistics Department, Deputy of Health, Social Medicine and Biostatistics, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran 9School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran

The paper work is aimed at using Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0 to develop window based design software that combines flexibility with adequate users interface for the design of chain drives as an engineering transmission element. The chain drives considered are of two types; silent and roller. The calculations are programmed either through ‘known torque’ or ‘through guess pitch value’. The design software combines computational with sketch template in a single process to generate the required parameters of the chain drives. The package was tested with a number of case studies and the results obtained were quite satisfactory.

Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) mediates the transfer of cholesteryl ester from high- and low-density lipoproteins to triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, and reciprocally mediates triglyceride transfer. The gene for cynomolgus monkey CETP was expressed in serum-free CHO culture with 2?g/ml insulin as its only exogenous protein supplement. Cell growth was facilitated by immobilizing the CHO cells in alginate beads. Recombinant CETP (rCETP)

Mycobacterium simiae is an emerging and spreading pathogen in Iran and little data about its drug susceptibility test (DST) and no standard treatment regimen are available. We report a case of multidrug‐resistant M. simiae respiratory infection in a 65‐year‐old woman with a history of previous Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. The patient was treated with clarithromycin, levofloxacin, and cotrimoxazole for one year and eventually died while still suffering from respiratory problems. For DST, broth microdilution method was used according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines as well as molecular DST in clinical isolate. Mycobacterium simiae was resistant to streptomycin, moxifloxacin, clarithromycin, and cotrimoxazole antibiotics and was sensitive to clofazimine and amikacin antibiotics. Inappropriate use of antibiotics without determining the pattern of antibiotic resistance increases the likelihood of resistance and, for resistant specimens, the need to ...

The SARS-CoV-2 is a new emerging coronavirus initially reported in China at the late December 2019 and rapidly spread to the whole of the world. To date, 1261903 total case and 55830 deaths are reported from Iran as 8 January. In this study, we investigated all the complete sequences of SARS-CoV-2 that publicly reported from Iran. Twenty-four sequences between March to September 2020 were analyzed to identify genome variations and phylogenetic relationships. Furthermore, we assessed the amino acid changes related to the spike glycoprotein as an important viral factor associated with the entry to the host cells and as a vaccine target. Most of the variations are occurred in the ORF1ab, S, N, intergenic and ORF7 regions. The analysis of spike protein mutations demonstrated that D614G mutation could be detected from the May and beyond. Phylogenetic analysis showed that most of the circulated viruses in Iran are belong to the B.4 lineage. Although, we found a limited number of variants ...

Background and Objectives: Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic bacterial pathogenthat can cause a variety of hospital-acquired infections, especially in the intensive care units (ICUs) and burn wards. Reportedly, one of the current globally health concerns is the prevalence of multidrug resistant and extensively drug-resistant A. baumannii (MDR-AB, and XDR-AB). Antibiotic resistance and in-hospital survival nature of this bacterium can be attributed to its biofilm formation ability. The present study aimed to assess the antibiotic resistance pattern and the prevalence of pgaD and abaI genes in A. baumannii isolated from the clinical settings in Kermanshah, Iran. Material and Methods: Fifty isolates of A. baumannii were collected from the hospitals in Kermanshah during April 2016 to September 2017, which were identified according to API-20E system. Then, the antibiotic susceptibility test was performed for 14 antibiotics using disc diffusion method and minimum inhibitory conc...

UreB is one of the urease subunits of Helicobacter pylori and can be used as an excellent antigen candidate for H. pylori vaccination. Easy access to highly purified UreB protein, facilitate advances in therapeutic or preventive strategies. To achieve a simplified purification procedure, the present report represents a novel method of producing recombinant urease subunit B extracellularly. ureB gene from

Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has emerged as a significant pathogen in community and hospital environments and is associated with high mortality and morbidity. Both polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) methods are sensitive and acceptable molecular methods for the diagnosis of infectious diseases. Objectives: This study aimed to develop detection assays for Staphylococcal mecA and spa using multiplex PCR and LAMP. Methods: Both methods were standardized, and detection limits were determined using serial dilutions of S. aureus DNA samples. Fifty-three clinical isolates of S. aureus were confirmed to the species level using biochemical tests and multiplex PCR and multiplex LAMP for the spa gene, while disk diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration, and detection of mecA genes were used for the assessment of methicillin resistance. Results: The PCR could detect the mecA and spa genes at 1 fg/mL and 10 fg/mL...

The commonest bacteria, causing infection across the world is Helicobacter pylori, which colonizes the human stomach. This bacteria has also been detected in some extra-gastric ecological niches such as the oral cavity and water. However, the results of H. pylori detection in extra-gastric ecological niche are controversial. The improvement of the sensitivity and the specificity of the detection methods appear to be some of the main bottleneck issues in providing compelling evidence. The aim of this study was to detect the presence of this organism in dental plaque samples using an analytically sensitive and specific Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) as well as a new nucleic acid detection method termed the Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP). In a descriptive cross-sectional study 45 participants enrolled and dental plaque samples were collected from at least two teeth surfaces (one anterior and one posterior tooth) using a sterile periodontal curette. The DNA content was extracted from the samples and the presence of H. pylori was determined by PCR and LAMP reactions. The frequency of detection of H. pylori in the dental plaque samples were 44% (20/45), 66.67% (30/45) and 77.78% (35/45) using PCR, LAMP and positivity for both tests, respectively. The high frequency of H. pylori was detected in the dental plaque samples of the participants, which concurs with the high prevalence of this bacteria in the population. This is one of the highest reported rates around the world. The results reveal that dental plaque can be one of the main causes of re-infection and also be the cause of oral-oral transmission.

This study describes a nanodiagnostic method using thermophilic helicase-dependent isothermal amplification (tHDA) and gold nanoparticle probes for colorimetric detection of Helicobacter pylori DNA. The primers targeting ureC gene were used for the amplification of bacterial DNA by the isothermal tHDA reaction, resulting in the accumulation of DNA amplicons. The amplicons were hybridized with specific gold nanoparticle probes. The hybrids were colorimetrically detected by the assembly of gold nanoparticles. Using this method, we detected as little as 10 CFU mL−1 of H. pylori within less than 1 h. Results obtained from the gastric biopsy samples showed 92.5% and 95.4% of sensitivity and specificity, respectively, in comparison with culture results, and 100% and 98.8% of sensitivity and specificity, respectively, in comparison with those of the histologic studies. Owing to its ease of operation, this assay significantly reduces the time and cost needed for the molecular diagnosis of H. pylori and has the potential to facilitate early detection of this pathogen.

A fundamental to global tuberculosis (TB) control is timely and accurate diagnosis of infectious cases of the disease. Among various methods, techniques based on nucleic acid amplification are the ones with promising prospects. The present study evaluates the diagnostic value of the recently developed IS6110-based loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) in sputum specimens. In this cross-sectional study (2008-2009), IS6110-LAMP was evaluated on 101 sputum specimens from 93 highly suspected TB patients and compared to Amplicor MTB test and in-house IS6110-PCR and -nested PCR assays. Culture results or clinical recovery following anti-TB therapy was considered as a reference to prove the TB cases. The overall sensitivity of IS6110-LAMP, Amplicor, nPCR, and PCR were respectively 89.6% (69/77 specimens; 95% confidence interval [CI], 80.5-95.4%), 76.6% (59/77 specimens; CI, 65.6-85.5%), 79.2% (61/77 specimens; CI, 68.5-87.6%) and 59.7% (46/77 specimens; CI, 47.9-70.8%). The specificity and positive predictive value (PPV) were 100% for all the tests, and the negative predictive value (NPV) of IS6110-LAMP, Amplicor, nPCR, and PCR were respectively 75%, 57.1%, 60%, and 43.6%. There was an excellent overall agreement between LAMP and nPCR (k 0.828), and between LAMP and Amplicor (k 0.746), in addition to a better tolerance of IS6110-LAMP to inhibitors present in clinical specimens. The better diagnostic performance of IS6110-LAMP compared to Amplicor (p = 0.009), nPCR (p = 0.013) and PCR (p < 0.0001) besides its rapidity, simplicity, and cost-effectiveness makes it a valuable method for the detection of MTBC in clinical samples, particularly in resource-limited settings.