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Article
Interdecadal variability of El Niño onset and its impact on monsoon systems over areas encircling the Pacific Ocean
Based on previous study by Xu and Chan (J Clim 14:418–433, 2001), two types of El Niño distinguished by the onset time, a Spring (SP) type and a Summer (SU) type, have been investigated from 1871 through 2011. As...
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Article
The effect of preceding wintertime Arctic polar vortex on springtime NDVI patterns in boreal Eurasia, 1982–2015
The polar vortex is implicated in certain cold events in boreal Eurasia and has a further influence on land surface properties (e.g., vegetation and snow) during spring. The Normalized Difference Vegetation In...
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Article
Intercomparison of the temperature contrast between the arctic and equator in the pre- and post periods of the 1976/1977 regime shift
Based on the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP)/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) reanalysis temperature dataset in the period of 1948–2014, the temperature contrast between the...
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Article
Uncertainties of the global-to-regional temperature and precipitation simulations in CMIP5 models for past and future 100 years
Global-to-regional surface temperature and precipitation trends are examined based on the CMIP5 model 100 years of historical simulations and another future 100 years following the Representative Concentration...
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Article
Extreme events of stratospheric stationary waves and indications for stratosphere–troposphere coupling: simultaneous analysis in boreal winter
Using monthly stratospheric geopotential height at 20 hPa derived from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis datasets, a planetary wa...
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Article
What happened to surface temperature with sunspot activity in the past 130 years?
Based on composite analysis using categories of solar inactivity and activity, the responses of surface temperature to different categorized solar activity and a plausible mechanism have been discussed. The re...
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Chapter
Recent Advances and Challenges of Monitoring Climate Change from Space
Extreme weather and climate events have over the years impacted human society and have currently become a more complex challenge with the changing climate. Many more climate change consequences have been recog...
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Chapter
An Introduction to Satellite-Based Applications and Research for Understanding Climate Change
The use of satellite data in applications has changed as the environmental community has become more sophisticated deriving products from the remotely sensed measurements. This introduction summarizes the chan...
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Chapter
Evaluation of the Temperature Trend and Climate Forcing in the Pre- and Post Periods of Satellite Data Assimilation
Based on multiple linear regression analysis, three temperature datasets from two reanalyses and one set of satellite observations have been used to evaluate the different responses in the winter [December–Feb...
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Chapter
GSI/WRF Regional Data Assimilation System and Its Application in the Weather Forecasts over Southwest Asia
In this study, the impact of directly assimilating Advanced TIROS Operational Vertical Sounder (ATOVS) radiances using the Community Radiative Transfer Model (CRTM) was evaluated to determine the impact on for...
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Article
Uncertainty estimation of the global temperature trends for multiple radiosondes, reanalyses, and CMIP3/IPCC climate model simulations
Based on three groups of datasets that include radiosondes, reanalyses, and climate model simulations (e.g., Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, CMIP3) from 1979 to 2008, the interannual variability, global...
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Article
A new assessment of the mid-1970s abrupt atmospheric temperature change in the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis and associated solar forcing implications
Based on the reanalysis data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction and National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP–NCAR) and solar radio irradiance (SRI) at 10.7 cm wavelength obtained from...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Regime Shifts in the Atmosphere and Their Relationship to Abrupt Ocean Changes
The ocean community has monitored abrupt climate changes or regime shifts in various fish species around the Pacific and Atlantic basins via fish stock and fish catch statistics. These regime shifts occur over...