Hegemonic Open Science, emergent from the circuits of knowledge production in the Global North an... more Hegemonic Open Science, emergent from the circuits of knowledge production in the Global North and serving the economic interests of platform capitalism, systematically erase the voices of the subaltern margins from the Global South and the Southern margins inhabiting the North. Framed within an overarching emancipatory narrative of creating access for and empowering the margins through data exchanged on the
IKAT: The Indonesian Journal of Southeast Asian Studies, 2021
At present Bangladesh is hosting more than 1.1 millions of Rohingyas who have been migrated from ... more At present Bangladesh is hosting more than 1.1 millions of Rohingyas who have been migrated from Myanmar and maximum of them are living in 34 makeshift camps of Cox’s Bazar and some thousands start to live at Bhashan Char of Bangladesh. The Government of Bangladesh (GoB) does not recognize Rohingyas as refugees and so they are not entitled to claim even the rights of refugees in Bangladesh. Getting support from the international community, the GoB still tries to repatriate Rohingyas to Myanmar, as the repatriation will relieve the huge burden of Bangladesh. But Rohingyas are not interested to go back to their home country, Myanmar, without establishing their citizenship and some other rights. As a result, till today not a single Rohingya has been repatriated to Myanmar and so at present the future of the Rohingya is in uncertainty. Bangladesh always think the fruitful solution of the Rohingya Crisis lies on their repatriation but more than three years after Rohingyas’ new entry in 2017 no repatriation happens and so the question arises. “What may be the future of Rohingyas?”, “Is the future of Rohingyas rely on their repatriation or staying in Bangladesh for a longer period of time with or without restoring their rights?”, would be tried to discuss in this article. If the Rohingyas will have to stay in Bangladesh for a longer time, then what the GoB should do, will also be discussed in this paper. For this, the field visit and interviews with Rohingya refugees at Rohingya Refugee Camp in 2018 and also in 2020 by the first author, M. M. Rahman, and his more than 3 years working experience on Rohingya crisis at BTV (Bangladesh Television) and the literature reviews by all the authors will be utilized.
Journal of Economic Development, Environment and People, 2019
The Rohingya is a Muslim ethnic minority group in Rakhine State of Myanmar. It is now established... more The Rohingya is a Muslim ethnic minority group in Rakhine State of Myanmar. It is now established but controversial fact that the Rohingya is a stateless population of the world who has found shelter across vast swathes of Asia mainly in Bangladesh, and also in India, Pakistan, Thailand and Malaysia. But a majority of Rohingyas are living in various camps of Bangladesh with statelessness identity. Recently, the UN warns that the Rohingya children who are living in various camps of Bangladesh would be the lost generations of the world. This article discusses the aspects of "stateless community" and "lost generation" of the world's most persecuted people-the Rohingya.
Background. Momordica charantia is a Cucurbitaceae family plant whose fruits are considered to ha... more Background. Momordica charantia is a Cucurbitaceae family plant whose fruits are considered to have medicinal values and also consumed as a vegetable. It was of interest to evaluate the antinociceptive activity of methanol extract of fruits of the plant (MEMC).
Background: The fruits of Momordica charantia L. are considered to lower blood glucose levels and... more Background: The fruits of Momordica charantia L. are considered to lower blood glucose levels and as such are consumed in the raw state in Bangladesh. The fruits are also consumed in the cooked form as a vegetable.
Media plays a substantial role providing the public with information about social workers, the pe... more Media plays a substantial role providing the public with information about social workers, the people they serve and the public perception of issues affecting vulnerable group. This write-up provides a platform for public discussion and plays a key role in forming public opinion about what social workers do and how well they can do it. Negative and inaccurate reporting of visual and also the print media undermines public confidence and challenges the professionalism of social workers thereby increasing risk to the vulnerable group of the society as the social worker are dealing with them. Resolving this conflict is challenging; social workers and journalists have motivations, accountabilities and structural issues that may build inaccurate media portrayal of social work related stories. This article focuses on the potential of interprofessional education to better manage these barriers, producing socially responsive journalists and media friendly social workers.
In oral glucose tolerance tests with methanolic extract of Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata L.f... more In oral glucose tolerance tests with methanolic extract of Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata L.f. rubra (red cabbage) leaves (MEBO), the extract significantly and dose-dependently reduced blood glucose concentrations in glucoseloaded mice. At extract doses of 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, the reductions in blood glucose levels were, respectively, 13.9, 30.6, 41.3, and 45.9%. In comparison, a standard antihyperglycemic drug, glibenclamide, when administered at a dose of 10 mg per kg, reduced blood glucose level by 48.0%. The extract when administered to mice did not cause any acute toxicity when administered at doses up to 3000 mg per kg. Preliminary phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, and tannins in the extract, which can account for the observed antihyperglycemic activity. The results indicate that the methanol extract of leaves can be used with safety to improve glucose tolerance in glucose-impaired cases.
In oral glucose tolerance tests with methanolic extract of Trichosanthes dioica fruits (METD), th... more In oral glucose tolerance tests with methanolic extract of Trichosanthes dioica fruits (METD), the extract dosedependently reduced blood glucose concentrations in glucose-loaded mice. At extract doses of 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, the reductions in blood glucose levels were, respectively, 2.9, 21.5, 39.8, and 46.4%. In comparison, a standard antihyperglycemic drug, glibenclamide, when administered at a dose of 10 mg per kg, reduced blood glucose level by 47.4%. In analgesic activity tests with acetic acid induced pain model mice, the extract at the aforementioned four doses, dose-dependently reduced acetic acid induced abdominal constrictions in mice by 18.5, 33.3, 37.0, and 40.7% versus the 48.1 and 63.0% reductions obtained with a standard analgesic drug, aspirin, administered respectively, at doses of 200 and 400 mg per kg. The extract when administered to mice did not cause any acute toxicity when administered at doses up to 3000 mg per kg.
Folk medicine is an integral part of the various traditional medicinal practices of Bangladesh. T... more Folk medicine is an integral part of the various traditional medicinal practices of Bangladesh. The folk medicinal practitioners, otherwise known as Kavirajes, mainly rely on medicinal plant decoctions, juices, or paste, which are administered topically or orally for treatment of various ailments. Vast numbers of rural and urban people of Bangladesh rely on Kavirajes for treatment of ailments; in fact Kavirajes often are the primary health-care providers, at least to the rural population. The selection of medicinal plant for treatment of a given ailment by a Kaviraj has been found to be quite diverse in a number of previous ethnomedicinal surveys conducted in different regions of the country..........
Butamirate citrate is a non-narcotic cough suppressant. A straightforward and accurate analytical... more Butamirate citrate is a non-narcotic cough suppressant. A straightforward and accurate analytical method is indispensable for the assay of butamirate citrate for the pharmaceutical industry. In the present study, a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with UV detection was developed and validated for the estimation of butamirate citrate from tablet and syrup formulations. 1:1 v/v mixture of acetonitrile and 0.008M 1-hexane sulfonic acid sodium salt was used as mobile phase and the determination was taken at 258.0 nm. Strict linearity was obtained in the range of 28 ìg.mL-1 to 2020 ìg.mL-1 for the concentration of butamirate citrate with a R value of 0.9999. The limit of detection (LOD) was observed as 23.5 ìg.mL-1 (4.70 x 10-5 M). The developed method efficiently separated the analyte from its degradation products derived from different stress conditions like alkali, acid, oxygen and temperature. This developed method was applied for the assay of different commercial brands of butamirate citrate (tablets and syrups) and satisfactory results were obtained. The method is selective, sensitive, accurate, precise, rugged and robust. Thus the method can be used for the routine analysis of butamirate citrate in pharmaceutical preparations.
Folk medicinal practitioners (Kavirajes) form the first tier of primary health care providers to ... more Folk medicinal practitioners (Kavirajes) form the first tier of primary health care providers to most of the rural population of Bangladesh. Kavirajes use simple formulations of whole plant or plant parts from medicinal plants for treatment of various ailments. The medicinal plants used by the Kavirajes differ considerably in various areas of Bangladesh. The objective of the present study was to conduct a survey on medicinal plant usage by the Kavirajes of Daulatdia Ghat area in Kushtia district, Bangladesh......
Folk medicinal healers (Kavirajes) form the primary health-care providers to the predominantly ru... more Folk medicinal healers (Kavirajes) form the primary health-care providers to the predominantly rural population residing in over 86,000 villages throughout Bangladesh. The Kavirajes treat various ailments with whole plants or plant parts from which they make simple decoctions or pastes, which are administered orally or topically. Their mode of treatment is simple, yet considerable variations exist between Kavirajes of even adjoining villages as to the species of plant chosen for treatment of any given ailment. The objective of the present study was to conduct a survey on folk medicinal use of plants in the village of Islampur in Natore district, Bangladesh and the villages of Itaghati and Ataibidir in Rajshahi district, Bangladesh, which are adjoining districts..........
Folk medicinal practitioners form the primary line of health-care among a substantial section of ... more Folk medicinal practitioners form the primary line of health-care among a substantial section of the rural and urban population of Bangladesh. These practitioners (Kavirajes) use a variety of medicinal plants to treat various ailments and possess considerable expertise on use of medicinal plants. Since the medicinal plants used by the Kavirajes can differ widely even between adjoining areas, it was the objective of the present study to conduct an ethnomedicinal survey among the Kavirajes of Balidha village situated in Jessore district in the southern part of Bangladesh.......
Folk medicinal practitioners (Kavirajes) form the first tier of primary health care providers to ... more Folk medicinal practitioners (Kavirajes) form the first tier of primary health care providers to a substantial section of the rural (village) population of Bangladesh. Kavirajes mostly administer decoctions, pastes, or juices of plant parts or whole medicinal plants in their treatment of ailments. Towards obtaining a comprehensive picture of the folk medicinal practices of Bangladesh and the various medicinal plants used by the Kavirajes, the present survey was conducted among five Kavirajes of Station Purbo Para village, which is within Jamalpur Sadar Upazila (sub-district) in Jamalpur district of Bangladesh.....
Twenty three Bangladeshi medicinal plants used in traditional medicines were evaluated for brine ... more Twenty three Bangladeshi medicinal plants used in traditional medicines were evaluated for brine shrimp lethality toxicity. Different solvent extracts of Abroma augusta, Acanthus ilicifolius, Alstonia scholaris, Calotropis procera, Catharanthus roseus, Citrus grandis, Coccinia grandis, Croton tiglium, Cuscuta reflexa, Excoecaria agallocha, Heritiera fomes, Ipomoea aquatica, Lagerstroemia speciosa, Madhuca indica, Musa sapientum, Nypa fruticans, Piper peepuloides, Premna esculenta, Saraca asoca, Sonneratia apetala, Stevia rebaudiana, Syzygium fruticosum, and Trichosanthes dioica were used in the study. Of the 23 plants tested, about 80% were toxic to brine shrimp (LC50 < 30 g/ml). Among the extracts screened, the methanolic extract of Croton tiglium had the highest toxicity to brine shrimp (LC50 = 0.0924 g/ml). The drug vincristine sulfate was considered as reference standard.
Leukorrhea is the flow of whitish, yellowish or greenish discharge from the vagina of a female, w... more Leukorrhea is the flow of whitish, yellowish or greenish discharge from the vagina of a female, which can happen under normal conditions as well as bacterial or fungal infections. Such discharges may originate from the vagina, ovaries, fallopian tubes, or, most commonly, the cervix. In our ongoing ethnomedicinal surveys among the various tribes and regions of Bangladesh, it was observed that leukorrhea due to infections were common among the tribal women as evidenced by the number of plants used by the tribal medicinal practitioners to treat this infective condition. The objective of the present survey was to learn more about the medicinal plants used for treatment of leukorrhea by the tribal medicinal practitioners of the Chakma, Murong and Tonchonga tribes. All three tribes reside in the southeastern forested region of Bangladesh known as the Chittagong Hill Tracts......
Bangladesh is a small developing country with the majority of population living in over 86,000 vi... more Bangladesh is a small developing country with the majority of population living in over 86,000 villages spread around the country. A substantial portion of the urban population lives in slum areas. Both rural population as well as the urban slum population resides under conditions where proper sanitation conditions are lacking and the drinking water quality is usually poor. As a result various types of gastrointestinal disorders are prevalent throughout Bangladesh. A large number of the rural and urban slum people obtain treatment for various gastrointestinal disorders from folk medicinal practitioners (Kavirajes), who rely on simple preparations of medicinal plants for treatment. The objective of the present study was to conduct a survey among the Kavirajes of various randomly selected areas in four districts, namely, Rajshahi, Jessore, Tangail, and Dinajpur in Bangladesh. The districts are located, respectively, in the northern, southern, central, and northern part of the country. Informed consent was obtained from the Kavirajes prior to the survey. Interviews were conducted with the help of a semi-structured questionnaire and the guided field-walk method, where the Kavirajes took the interviewers to spots from where they collected their medicinal plants, pointed out the plants, and gave their local names and uses.......
Leprosy is a chronic disease caused by the microorganisms Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium
... more Leprosy is a chronic disease caused by the microorganisms Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium lepromatosis. It is primarily a granulomatous disease of the peripheral nerves and mucosa of the upper respiratory tract. The pauci-bacillary form of leprosy is treated with the drugs, rifampicin and Dapsone (diamino-diphenyl sulfone), while the multi-bacillary form of the disease is treated with the drugs rifampicin, clofazimine, and Dapsone. Bangladesh is one of the five countries who contribute to 82% of the sufferers from this disease world-wide. The disease is prevalent especially among the rural and urban poor, who despite provision of modern treatment often visit folk medicinal practitioners, who utilize medicinal plants for treatment of leprosy. Since the above drugs has been reported to have a number of adverse side-effects, it was of interest to document the medicinal plants used to treat leprosy in Bangladesh for such plants can prove to be valuable sources of drugs with less side-effects. Randomized ethnomedicinal surveys were therefore carried out in ten districts of Bangladesh to learn more about medicinal plants used by folk medicinal practitioners......
Hegemonic Open Science, emergent from the circuits of knowledge production in the Global North an... more Hegemonic Open Science, emergent from the circuits of knowledge production in the Global North and serving the economic interests of platform capitalism, systematically erase the voices of the subaltern margins from the Global South and the Southern margins inhabiting the North. Framed within an overarching emancipatory narrative of creating access for and empowering the margins through data exchanged on the
IKAT: The Indonesian Journal of Southeast Asian Studies, 2021
At present Bangladesh is hosting more than 1.1 millions of Rohingyas who have been migrated from ... more At present Bangladesh is hosting more than 1.1 millions of Rohingyas who have been migrated from Myanmar and maximum of them are living in 34 makeshift camps of Cox’s Bazar and some thousands start to live at Bhashan Char of Bangladesh. The Government of Bangladesh (GoB) does not recognize Rohingyas as refugees and so they are not entitled to claim even the rights of refugees in Bangladesh. Getting support from the international community, the GoB still tries to repatriate Rohingyas to Myanmar, as the repatriation will relieve the huge burden of Bangladesh. But Rohingyas are not interested to go back to their home country, Myanmar, without establishing their citizenship and some other rights. As a result, till today not a single Rohingya has been repatriated to Myanmar and so at present the future of the Rohingya is in uncertainty. Bangladesh always think the fruitful solution of the Rohingya Crisis lies on their repatriation but more than three years after Rohingyas’ new entry in 2017 no repatriation happens and so the question arises. “What may be the future of Rohingyas?”, “Is the future of Rohingyas rely on their repatriation or staying in Bangladesh for a longer period of time with or without restoring their rights?”, would be tried to discuss in this article. If the Rohingyas will have to stay in Bangladesh for a longer time, then what the GoB should do, will also be discussed in this paper. For this, the field visit and interviews with Rohingya refugees at Rohingya Refugee Camp in 2018 and also in 2020 by the first author, M. M. Rahman, and his more than 3 years working experience on Rohingya crisis at BTV (Bangladesh Television) and the literature reviews by all the authors will be utilized.
Journal of Economic Development, Environment and People, 2019
The Rohingya is a Muslim ethnic minority group in Rakhine State of Myanmar. It is now established... more The Rohingya is a Muslim ethnic minority group in Rakhine State of Myanmar. It is now established but controversial fact that the Rohingya is a stateless population of the world who has found shelter across vast swathes of Asia mainly in Bangladesh, and also in India, Pakistan, Thailand and Malaysia. But a majority of Rohingyas are living in various camps of Bangladesh with statelessness identity. Recently, the UN warns that the Rohingya children who are living in various camps of Bangladesh would be the lost generations of the world. This article discusses the aspects of "stateless community" and "lost generation" of the world's most persecuted people-the Rohingya.
Background. Momordica charantia is a Cucurbitaceae family plant whose fruits are considered to ha... more Background. Momordica charantia is a Cucurbitaceae family plant whose fruits are considered to have medicinal values and also consumed as a vegetable. It was of interest to evaluate the antinociceptive activity of methanol extract of fruits of the plant (MEMC).
Background: The fruits of Momordica charantia L. are considered to lower blood glucose levels and... more Background: The fruits of Momordica charantia L. are considered to lower blood glucose levels and as such are consumed in the raw state in Bangladesh. The fruits are also consumed in the cooked form as a vegetable.
Media plays a substantial role providing the public with information about social workers, the pe... more Media plays a substantial role providing the public with information about social workers, the people they serve and the public perception of issues affecting vulnerable group. This write-up provides a platform for public discussion and plays a key role in forming public opinion about what social workers do and how well they can do it. Negative and inaccurate reporting of visual and also the print media undermines public confidence and challenges the professionalism of social workers thereby increasing risk to the vulnerable group of the society as the social worker are dealing with them. Resolving this conflict is challenging; social workers and journalists have motivations, accountabilities and structural issues that may build inaccurate media portrayal of social work related stories. This article focuses on the potential of interprofessional education to better manage these barriers, producing socially responsive journalists and media friendly social workers.
In oral glucose tolerance tests with methanolic extract of Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata L.f... more In oral glucose tolerance tests with methanolic extract of Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata L.f. rubra (red cabbage) leaves (MEBO), the extract significantly and dose-dependently reduced blood glucose concentrations in glucoseloaded mice. At extract doses of 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, the reductions in blood glucose levels were, respectively, 13.9, 30.6, 41.3, and 45.9%. In comparison, a standard antihyperglycemic drug, glibenclamide, when administered at a dose of 10 mg per kg, reduced blood glucose level by 48.0%. The extract when administered to mice did not cause any acute toxicity when administered at doses up to 3000 mg per kg. Preliminary phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, and tannins in the extract, which can account for the observed antihyperglycemic activity. The results indicate that the methanol extract of leaves can be used with safety to improve glucose tolerance in glucose-impaired cases.
In oral glucose tolerance tests with methanolic extract of Trichosanthes dioica fruits (METD), th... more In oral glucose tolerance tests with methanolic extract of Trichosanthes dioica fruits (METD), the extract dosedependently reduced blood glucose concentrations in glucose-loaded mice. At extract doses of 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, the reductions in blood glucose levels were, respectively, 2.9, 21.5, 39.8, and 46.4%. In comparison, a standard antihyperglycemic drug, glibenclamide, when administered at a dose of 10 mg per kg, reduced blood glucose level by 47.4%. In analgesic activity tests with acetic acid induced pain model mice, the extract at the aforementioned four doses, dose-dependently reduced acetic acid induced abdominal constrictions in mice by 18.5, 33.3, 37.0, and 40.7% versus the 48.1 and 63.0% reductions obtained with a standard analgesic drug, aspirin, administered respectively, at doses of 200 and 400 mg per kg. The extract when administered to mice did not cause any acute toxicity when administered at doses up to 3000 mg per kg.
Folk medicine is an integral part of the various traditional medicinal practices of Bangladesh. T... more Folk medicine is an integral part of the various traditional medicinal practices of Bangladesh. The folk medicinal practitioners, otherwise known as Kavirajes, mainly rely on medicinal plant decoctions, juices, or paste, which are administered topically or orally for treatment of various ailments. Vast numbers of rural and urban people of Bangladesh rely on Kavirajes for treatment of ailments; in fact Kavirajes often are the primary health-care providers, at least to the rural population. The selection of medicinal plant for treatment of a given ailment by a Kaviraj has been found to be quite diverse in a number of previous ethnomedicinal surveys conducted in different regions of the country..........
Butamirate citrate is a non-narcotic cough suppressant. A straightforward and accurate analytical... more Butamirate citrate is a non-narcotic cough suppressant. A straightforward and accurate analytical method is indispensable for the assay of butamirate citrate for the pharmaceutical industry. In the present study, a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with UV detection was developed and validated for the estimation of butamirate citrate from tablet and syrup formulations. 1:1 v/v mixture of acetonitrile and 0.008M 1-hexane sulfonic acid sodium salt was used as mobile phase and the determination was taken at 258.0 nm. Strict linearity was obtained in the range of 28 ìg.mL-1 to 2020 ìg.mL-1 for the concentration of butamirate citrate with a R value of 0.9999. The limit of detection (LOD) was observed as 23.5 ìg.mL-1 (4.70 x 10-5 M). The developed method efficiently separated the analyte from its degradation products derived from different stress conditions like alkali, acid, oxygen and temperature. This developed method was applied for the assay of different commercial brands of butamirate citrate (tablets and syrups) and satisfactory results were obtained. The method is selective, sensitive, accurate, precise, rugged and robust. Thus the method can be used for the routine analysis of butamirate citrate in pharmaceutical preparations.
Folk medicinal practitioners (Kavirajes) form the first tier of primary health care providers to ... more Folk medicinal practitioners (Kavirajes) form the first tier of primary health care providers to most of the rural population of Bangladesh. Kavirajes use simple formulations of whole plant or plant parts from medicinal plants for treatment of various ailments. The medicinal plants used by the Kavirajes differ considerably in various areas of Bangladesh. The objective of the present study was to conduct a survey on medicinal plant usage by the Kavirajes of Daulatdia Ghat area in Kushtia district, Bangladesh......
Folk medicinal healers (Kavirajes) form the primary health-care providers to the predominantly ru... more Folk medicinal healers (Kavirajes) form the primary health-care providers to the predominantly rural population residing in over 86,000 villages throughout Bangladesh. The Kavirajes treat various ailments with whole plants or plant parts from which they make simple decoctions or pastes, which are administered orally or topically. Their mode of treatment is simple, yet considerable variations exist between Kavirajes of even adjoining villages as to the species of plant chosen for treatment of any given ailment. The objective of the present study was to conduct a survey on folk medicinal use of plants in the village of Islampur in Natore district, Bangladesh and the villages of Itaghati and Ataibidir in Rajshahi district, Bangladesh, which are adjoining districts..........
Folk medicinal practitioners form the primary line of health-care among a substantial section of ... more Folk medicinal practitioners form the primary line of health-care among a substantial section of the rural and urban population of Bangladesh. These practitioners (Kavirajes) use a variety of medicinal plants to treat various ailments and possess considerable expertise on use of medicinal plants. Since the medicinal plants used by the Kavirajes can differ widely even between adjoining areas, it was the objective of the present study to conduct an ethnomedicinal survey among the Kavirajes of Balidha village situated in Jessore district in the southern part of Bangladesh.......
Folk medicinal practitioners (Kavirajes) form the first tier of primary health care providers to ... more Folk medicinal practitioners (Kavirajes) form the first tier of primary health care providers to a substantial section of the rural (village) population of Bangladesh. Kavirajes mostly administer decoctions, pastes, or juices of plant parts or whole medicinal plants in their treatment of ailments. Towards obtaining a comprehensive picture of the folk medicinal practices of Bangladesh and the various medicinal plants used by the Kavirajes, the present survey was conducted among five Kavirajes of Station Purbo Para village, which is within Jamalpur Sadar Upazila (sub-district) in Jamalpur district of Bangladesh.....
Twenty three Bangladeshi medicinal plants used in traditional medicines were evaluated for brine ... more Twenty three Bangladeshi medicinal plants used in traditional medicines were evaluated for brine shrimp lethality toxicity. Different solvent extracts of Abroma augusta, Acanthus ilicifolius, Alstonia scholaris, Calotropis procera, Catharanthus roseus, Citrus grandis, Coccinia grandis, Croton tiglium, Cuscuta reflexa, Excoecaria agallocha, Heritiera fomes, Ipomoea aquatica, Lagerstroemia speciosa, Madhuca indica, Musa sapientum, Nypa fruticans, Piper peepuloides, Premna esculenta, Saraca asoca, Sonneratia apetala, Stevia rebaudiana, Syzygium fruticosum, and Trichosanthes dioica were used in the study. Of the 23 plants tested, about 80% were toxic to brine shrimp (LC50 < 30 g/ml). Among the extracts screened, the methanolic extract of Croton tiglium had the highest toxicity to brine shrimp (LC50 = 0.0924 g/ml). The drug vincristine sulfate was considered as reference standard.
Leukorrhea is the flow of whitish, yellowish or greenish discharge from the vagina of a female, w... more Leukorrhea is the flow of whitish, yellowish or greenish discharge from the vagina of a female, which can happen under normal conditions as well as bacterial or fungal infections. Such discharges may originate from the vagina, ovaries, fallopian tubes, or, most commonly, the cervix. In our ongoing ethnomedicinal surveys among the various tribes and regions of Bangladesh, it was observed that leukorrhea due to infections were common among the tribal women as evidenced by the number of plants used by the tribal medicinal practitioners to treat this infective condition. The objective of the present survey was to learn more about the medicinal plants used for treatment of leukorrhea by the tribal medicinal practitioners of the Chakma, Murong and Tonchonga tribes. All three tribes reside in the southeastern forested region of Bangladesh known as the Chittagong Hill Tracts......
Bangladesh is a small developing country with the majority of population living in over 86,000 vi... more Bangladesh is a small developing country with the majority of population living in over 86,000 villages spread around the country. A substantial portion of the urban population lives in slum areas. Both rural population as well as the urban slum population resides under conditions where proper sanitation conditions are lacking and the drinking water quality is usually poor. As a result various types of gastrointestinal disorders are prevalent throughout Bangladesh. A large number of the rural and urban slum people obtain treatment for various gastrointestinal disorders from folk medicinal practitioners (Kavirajes), who rely on simple preparations of medicinal plants for treatment. The objective of the present study was to conduct a survey among the Kavirajes of various randomly selected areas in four districts, namely, Rajshahi, Jessore, Tangail, and Dinajpur in Bangladesh. The districts are located, respectively, in the northern, southern, central, and northern part of the country. Informed consent was obtained from the Kavirajes prior to the survey. Interviews were conducted with the help of a semi-structured questionnaire and the guided field-walk method, where the Kavirajes took the interviewers to spots from where they collected their medicinal plants, pointed out the plants, and gave their local names and uses.......
Leprosy is a chronic disease caused by the microorganisms Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium
... more Leprosy is a chronic disease caused by the microorganisms Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium lepromatosis. It is primarily a granulomatous disease of the peripheral nerves and mucosa of the upper respiratory tract. The pauci-bacillary form of leprosy is treated with the drugs, rifampicin and Dapsone (diamino-diphenyl sulfone), while the multi-bacillary form of the disease is treated with the drugs rifampicin, clofazimine, and Dapsone. Bangladesh is one of the five countries who contribute to 82% of the sufferers from this disease world-wide. The disease is prevalent especially among the rural and urban poor, who despite provision of modern treatment often visit folk medicinal practitioners, who utilize medicinal plants for treatment of leprosy. Since the above drugs has been reported to have a number of adverse side-effects, it was of interest to document the medicinal plants used to treat leprosy in Bangladesh for such plants can prove to be valuable sources of drugs with less side-effects. Randomized ethnomedicinal surveys were therefore carried out in ten districts of Bangladesh to learn more about medicinal plants used by folk medicinal practitioners......
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Papers by Md Mahbubur Rahman
to live at Bhashan Char of Bangladesh. The Government of Bangladesh (GoB) does not recognize Rohingyas as refugees and so they are not entitled to claim even the rights of refugees in Bangladesh. Getting support from the international community, the GoB still tries to repatriate Rohingyas to Myanmar, as the repatriation will relieve the huge burden of Bangladesh. But Rohingyas are not interested to go back to their home country, Myanmar, without establishing their citizenship and some other rights. As a result, till today not a single Rohingya has been repatriated to Myanmar and so at present the future of the Rohingya is in uncertainty. Bangladesh always think the fruitful solution of the Rohingya Crisis lies on their repatriation but more than three years after Rohingyas’ new entry in 2017 no repatriation happens and so the question arises. “What may be the future of Rohingyas?”, “Is the future of Rohingyas rely on their
repatriation or staying in Bangladesh for a longer period of time with or without restoring their rights?”, would be tried to discuss in this article. If the Rohingyas will have to stay in Bangladesh for a longer time,
then what the GoB should do, will also be discussed in this paper. For this, the field visit and interviews with Rohingya refugees at Rohingya Refugee Camp in 2018 and also in 2020 by the first author, M. M.
Rahman, and his more than 3 years working experience on Rohingya crisis at BTV (Bangladesh Television) and the literature reviews by all the authors will be utilized.
leaves (MEBO), the extract significantly and dose-dependently reduced blood glucose concentrations in glucoseloaded
mice. At extract doses of 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, the reductions in blood glucose levels were,
respectively, 13.9, 30.6, 41.3, and 45.9%. In comparison, a standard antihyperglycemic drug, glibenclamide, when
administered at a dose of 10 mg per kg, reduced blood glucose level by 48.0%. The extract when administered to
mice did not cause any acute toxicity when administered at doses up to 3000 mg per kg. Preliminary phytochemical
analysis showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, and tannins in the extract, which can account for the
observed antihyperglycemic activity. The results indicate that the methanol extract of leaves can be used with safety
to improve glucose tolerance in glucose-impaired cases.
reduced blood glucose concentrations in glucose-loaded mice. At extract doses of 50, 100, 200 and 400
mg/kg, the reductions in blood glucose levels were, respectively, 2.9, 21.5, 39.8, and 46.4%. In comparison, a
standard antihyperglycemic drug, glibenclamide, when administered at a dose of 10 mg per kg, reduced blood
glucose level by 47.4%. In analgesic activity tests with acetic acid induced pain model mice, the extract at the aforementioned
four doses, dose-dependently reduced acetic acid induced abdominal constrictions in mice by 18.5, 33.3,
37.0, and 40.7% versus the 48.1 and 63.0% reductions obtained with a standard analgesic drug, aspirin,
administered respectively, at doses of 200 and 400 mg per kg. The extract when administered to mice did not cause
any acute toxicity when administered at doses up to 3000 mg per kg.
medicinal practitioners, otherwise known as Kavirajes, mainly rely on medicinal plant decoctions, juices, or
paste, which are administered topically or orally for treatment of various ailments. Vast numbers of rural and
urban people of Bangladesh rely on Kavirajes for treatment of ailments; in fact Kavirajes often are the primary
health-care providers, at least to the rural population. The selection of medicinal plant for treatment of a given
ailment by a Kaviraj has been found to be quite diverse in a number of previous ethnomedicinal surveys
conducted in different regions of the country..........
is indispensable for the assay of butamirate citrate for the pharmaceutical industry. In the present study, a high
performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with UV detection was developed and validated for the
estimation of butamirate citrate from tablet and syrup formulations. 1:1 v/v mixture of acetonitrile and 0.008M
1-hexane sulfonic acid sodium salt was used as mobile phase and the determination was taken at 258.0 nm.
Strict linearity was obtained in the range of 28 ìg.mL-1 to 2020 ìg.mL-1 for the concentration of butamirate
citrate with a R value of 0.9999. The limit of detection (LOD) was observed as 23.5 ìg.mL-1 (4.70 x 10-5 M).
The developed method efficiently separated the analyte from its degradation products derived from different
stress conditions like alkali, acid, oxygen and temperature. This developed method was applied for the assay
of different commercial brands of butamirate citrate (tablets and syrups) and satisfactory results were obtained.
The method is selective, sensitive, accurate, precise, rugged and robust. Thus the method can be used for the
routine analysis of butamirate citrate in pharmaceutical preparations.
rural population of Bangladesh. Kavirajes use simple formulations of whole plant or plant parts from medicinal
plants for treatment of various ailments. The medicinal plants used by the Kavirajes differ considerably in
various areas of Bangladesh. The objective of the present study was to conduct a survey on medicinal plant
usage by the Kavirajes of Daulatdia Ghat area in Kushtia district, Bangladesh......
population residing in over 86,000 villages throughout Bangladesh. The Kavirajes treat various ailments with
whole plants or plant parts from which they make simple decoctions or pastes, which are administered orally
or topically. Their mode of treatment is simple, yet considerable variations exist between Kavirajes of even
adjoining villages as to the species of plant chosen for treatment of any given ailment. The objective of the
present study was to conduct a survey on folk medicinal use of plants in the village of Islampur in Natore
district, Bangladesh and the villages of Itaghati and Ataibidir in Rajshahi district, Bangladesh, which are
adjoining districts..........
and urban population of Bangladesh. These practitioners (Kavirajes) use a variety of medicinal plants to treat
various ailments and possess considerable expertise on use of medicinal plants. Since the medicinal plants used
by the Kavirajes can differ widely even between adjoining areas, it was the objective of the present study to
conduct an ethnomedicinal survey among the Kavirajes of Balidha village situated in Jessore district in the
southern part of Bangladesh.......
section of the rural (village) population of Bangladesh. Kavirajes mostly administer decoctions, pastes, or juices
of plant parts or whole medicinal plants in their treatment of ailments. Towards obtaining a comprehensive
picture of the folk medicinal practices of Bangladesh and the various medicinal plants used by the Kavirajes,
the present survey was conducted among five Kavirajes of Station Purbo Para village, which is within Jamalpur
Sadar Upazila (sub-district) in Jamalpur district of Bangladesh.....
lethality toxicity. Different solvent extracts of Abroma augusta, Acanthus ilicifolius, Alstonia scholaris,
Calotropis procera, Catharanthus roseus, Citrus grandis, Coccinia grandis, Croton tiglium, Cuscuta reflexa,
Excoecaria agallocha, Heritiera fomes, Ipomoea aquatica, Lagerstroemia speciosa, Madhuca indica, Musa
sapientum, Nypa fruticans, Piper peepuloides, Premna esculenta, Saraca asoca, Sonneratia apetala, Stevia
rebaudiana, Syzygium fruticosum, and Trichosanthes dioica were used in the study. Of the 23 plants tested,
about 80% were toxic to brine shrimp (LC50 < 30 g/ml). Among the extracts screened, the methanolic extract
of Croton tiglium had the highest toxicity to brine shrimp (LC50 = 0.0924 g/ml). The drug vincristine sulfate
was considered as reference standard.
happen under normal conditions as well as bacterial or fungal infections. Such discharges may originate from
the vagina, ovaries, fallopian tubes, or, most commonly, the cervix. In our ongoing ethnomedicinal surveys
among the various tribes and regions of Bangladesh, it was observed that leukorrhea due to infections were
common among the tribal women as evidenced by the number of plants used by the tribal medicinal
practitioners to treat this infective condition. The objective of the present survey was to learn more about the
medicinal plants used for treatment of leukorrhea by the tribal medicinal practitioners of the Chakma, Murong
and Tonchonga tribes. All three tribes reside in the southeastern forested region of Bangladesh known as the
Chittagong Hill Tracts......
spread around the country. A substantial portion of the urban population lives in slum areas. Both rural
population as well as the urban slum population resides under conditions where proper sanitation conditions
are lacking and the drinking water quality is usually poor. As a result various types of gastrointestinal disorders
are prevalent throughout Bangladesh. A large number of the rural and urban slum people obtain treatment for
various gastrointestinal disorders from folk medicinal practitioners (Kavirajes), who rely on simple preparations
of medicinal plants for treatment. The objective of the present study was to conduct a survey among the
Kavirajes of various randomly selected areas in four districts, namely, Rajshahi, Jessore, Tangail, and Dinajpur
in Bangladesh. The districts are located, respectively, in the northern, southern, central, and northern part of
the country. Informed consent was obtained from the Kavirajes prior to the survey. Interviews were conducted
with the help of a semi-structured questionnaire and the guided field-walk method, where the Kavirajes took
the interviewers to spots from where they collected their medicinal plants, pointed out the plants, and gave
their local names and uses.......
lepromatosis. It is primarily a granulomatous disease of the peripheral nerves and mucosa of the upper
respiratory tract. The pauci-bacillary form of leprosy is treated with the drugs, rifampicin and Dapsone
(diamino-diphenyl sulfone), while the multi-bacillary form of the disease is treated with the drugs rifampicin,
clofazimine, and Dapsone. Bangladesh is one of the five countries who contribute to 82% of the sufferers from
this disease world-wide. The disease is prevalent especially among the rural and urban poor, who despite
provision of modern treatment often visit folk medicinal practitioners, who utilize medicinal plants for treatment
of leprosy. Since the above drugs has been reported to have a number of adverse side-effects, it was of interest
to document the medicinal plants used to treat leprosy in Bangladesh for such plants can prove to be valuable
sources of drugs with less side-effects. Randomized ethnomedicinal surveys were therefore carried out in ten
districts of Bangladesh to learn more about medicinal plants used by folk medicinal practitioners......
to live at Bhashan Char of Bangladesh. The Government of Bangladesh (GoB) does not recognize Rohingyas as refugees and so they are not entitled to claim even the rights of refugees in Bangladesh. Getting support from the international community, the GoB still tries to repatriate Rohingyas to Myanmar, as the repatriation will relieve the huge burden of Bangladesh. But Rohingyas are not interested to go back to their home country, Myanmar, without establishing their citizenship and some other rights. As a result, till today not a single Rohingya has been repatriated to Myanmar and so at present the future of the Rohingya is in uncertainty. Bangladesh always think the fruitful solution of the Rohingya Crisis lies on their repatriation but more than three years after Rohingyas’ new entry in 2017 no repatriation happens and so the question arises. “What may be the future of Rohingyas?”, “Is the future of Rohingyas rely on their
repatriation or staying in Bangladesh for a longer period of time with or without restoring their rights?”, would be tried to discuss in this article. If the Rohingyas will have to stay in Bangladesh for a longer time,
then what the GoB should do, will also be discussed in this paper. For this, the field visit and interviews with Rohingya refugees at Rohingya Refugee Camp in 2018 and also in 2020 by the first author, M. M.
Rahman, and his more than 3 years working experience on Rohingya crisis at BTV (Bangladesh Television) and the literature reviews by all the authors will be utilized.
leaves (MEBO), the extract significantly and dose-dependently reduced blood glucose concentrations in glucoseloaded
mice. At extract doses of 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, the reductions in blood glucose levels were,
respectively, 13.9, 30.6, 41.3, and 45.9%. In comparison, a standard antihyperglycemic drug, glibenclamide, when
administered at a dose of 10 mg per kg, reduced blood glucose level by 48.0%. The extract when administered to
mice did not cause any acute toxicity when administered at doses up to 3000 mg per kg. Preliminary phytochemical
analysis showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, and tannins in the extract, which can account for the
observed antihyperglycemic activity. The results indicate that the methanol extract of leaves can be used with safety
to improve glucose tolerance in glucose-impaired cases.
reduced blood glucose concentrations in glucose-loaded mice. At extract doses of 50, 100, 200 and 400
mg/kg, the reductions in blood glucose levels were, respectively, 2.9, 21.5, 39.8, and 46.4%. In comparison, a
standard antihyperglycemic drug, glibenclamide, when administered at a dose of 10 mg per kg, reduced blood
glucose level by 47.4%. In analgesic activity tests with acetic acid induced pain model mice, the extract at the aforementioned
four doses, dose-dependently reduced acetic acid induced abdominal constrictions in mice by 18.5, 33.3,
37.0, and 40.7% versus the 48.1 and 63.0% reductions obtained with a standard analgesic drug, aspirin,
administered respectively, at doses of 200 and 400 mg per kg. The extract when administered to mice did not cause
any acute toxicity when administered at doses up to 3000 mg per kg.
medicinal practitioners, otherwise known as Kavirajes, mainly rely on medicinal plant decoctions, juices, or
paste, which are administered topically or orally for treatment of various ailments. Vast numbers of rural and
urban people of Bangladesh rely on Kavirajes for treatment of ailments; in fact Kavirajes often are the primary
health-care providers, at least to the rural population. The selection of medicinal plant for treatment of a given
ailment by a Kaviraj has been found to be quite diverse in a number of previous ethnomedicinal surveys
conducted in different regions of the country..........
is indispensable for the assay of butamirate citrate for the pharmaceutical industry. In the present study, a high
performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with UV detection was developed and validated for the
estimation of butamirate citrate from tablet and syrup formulations. 1:1 v/v mixture of acetonitrile and 0.008M
1-hexane sulfonic acid sodium salt was used as mobile phase and the determination was taken at 258.0 nm.
Strict linearity was obtained in the range of 28 ìg.mL-1 to 2020 ìg.mL-1 for the concentration of butamirate
citrate with a R value of 0.9999. The limit of detection (LOD) was observed as 23.5 ìg.mL-1 (4.70 x 10-5 M).
The developed method efficiently separated the analyte from its degradation products derived from different
stress conditions like alkali, acid, oxygen and temperature. This developed method was applied for the assay
of different commercial brands of butamirate citrate (tablets and syrups) and satisfactory results were obtained.
The method is selective, sensitive, accurate, precise, rugged and robust. Thus the method can be used for the
routine analysis of butamirate citrate in pharmaceutical preparations.
rural population of Bangladesh. Kavirajes use simple formulations of whole plant or plant parts from medicinal
plants for treatment of various ailments. The medicinal plants used by the Kavirajes differ considerably in
various areas of Bangladesh. The objective of the present study was to conduct a survey on medicinal plant
usage by the Kavirajes of Daulatdia Ghat area in Kushtia district, Bangladesh......
population residing in over 86,000 villages throughout Bangladesh. The Kavirajes treat various ailments with
whole plants or plant parts from which they make simple decoctions or pastes, which are administered orally
or topically. Their mode of treatment is simple, yet considerable variations exist between Kavirajes of even
adjoining villages as to the species of plant chosen for treatment of any given ailment. The objective of the
present study was to conduct a survey on folk medicinal use of plants in the village of Islampur in Natore
district, Bangladesh and the villages of Itaghati and Ataibidir in Rajshahi district, Bangladesh, which are
adjoining districts..........
and urban population of Bangladesh. These practitioners (Kavirajes) use a variety of medicinal plants to treat
various ailments and possess considerable expertise on use of medicinal plants. Since the medicinal plants used
by the Kavirajes can differ widely even between adjoining areas, it was the objective of the present study to
conduct an ethnomedicinal survey among the Kavirajes of Balidha village situated in Jessore district in the
southern part of Bangladesh.......
section of the rural (village) population of Bangladesh. Kavirajes mostly administer decoctions, pastes, or juices
of plant parts or whole medicinal plants in their treatment of ailments. Towards obtaining a comprehensive
picture of the folk medicinal practices of Bangladesh and the various medicinal plants used by the Kavirajes,
the present survey was conducted among five Kavirajes of Station Purbo Para village, which is within Jamalpur
Sadar Upazila (sub-district) in Jamalpur district of Bangladesh.....
lethality toxicity. Different solvent extracts of Abroma augusta, Acanthus ilicifolius, Alstonia scholaris,
Calotropis procera, Catharanthus roseus, Citrus grandis, Coccinia grandis, Croton tiglium, Cuscuta reflexa,
Excoecaria agallocha, Heritiera fomes, Ipomoea aquatica, Lagerstroemia speciosa, Madhuca indica, Musa
sapientum, Nypa fruticans, Piper peepuloides, Premna esculenta, Saraca asoca, Sonneratia apetala, Stevia
rebaudiana, Syzygium fruticosum, and Trichosanthes dioica were used in the study. Of the 23 plants tested,
about 80% were toxic to brine shrimp (LC50 < 30 g/ml). Among the extracts screened, the methanolic extract
of Croton tiglium had the highest toxicity to brine shrimp (LC50 = 0.0924 g/ml). The drug vincristine sulfate
was considered as reference standard.
happen under normal conditions as well as bacterial or fungal infections. Such discharges may originate from
the vagina, ovaries, fallopian tubes, or, most commonly, the cervix. In our ongoing ethnomedicinal surveys
among the various tribes and regions of Bangladesh, it was observed that leukorrhea due to infections were
common among the tribal women as evidenced by the number of plants used by the tribal medicinal
practitioners to treat this infective condition. The objective of the present survey was to learn more about the
medicinal plants used for treatment of leukorrhea by the tribal medicinal practitioners of the Chakma, Murong
and Tonchonga tribes. All three tribes reside in the southeastern forested region of Bangladesh known as the
Chittagong Hill Tracts......
spread around the country. A substantial portion of the urban population lives in slum areas. Both rural
population as well as the urban slum population resides under conditions where proper sanitation conditions
are lacking and the drinking water quality is usually poor. As a result various types of gastrointestinal disorders
are prevalent throughout Bangladesh. A large number of the rural and urban slum people obtain treatment for
various gastrointestinal disorders from folk medicinal practitioners (Kavirajes), who rely on simple preparations
of medicinal plants for treatment. The objective of the present study was to conduct a survey among the
Kavirajes of various randomly selected areas in four districts, namely, Rajshahi, Jessore, Tangail, and Dinajpur
in Bangladesh. The districts are located, respectively, in the northern, southern, central, and northern part of
the country. Informed consent was obtained from the Kavirajes prior to the survey. Interviews were conducted
with the help of a semi-structured questionnaire and the guided field-walk method, where the Kavirajes took
the interviewers to spots from where they collected their medicinal plants, pointed out the plants, and gave
their local names and uses.......
lepromatosis. It is primarily a granulomatous disease of the peripheral nerves and mucosa of the upper
respiratory tract. The pauci-bacillary form of leprosy is treated with the drugs, rifampicin and Dapsone
(diamino-diphenyl sulfone), while the multi-bacillary form of the disease is treated with the drugs rifampicin,
clofazimine, and Dapsone. Bangladesh is one of the five countries who contribute to 82% of the sufferers from
this disease world-wide. The disease is prevalent especially among the rural and urban poor, who despite
provision of modern treatment often visit folk medicinal practitioners, who utilize medicinal plants for treatment
of leprosy. Since the above drugs has been reported to have a number of adverse side-effects, it was of interest
to document the medicinal plants used to treat leprosy in Bangladesh for such plants can prove to be valuable
sources of drugs with less side-effects. Randomized ethnomedicinal surveys were therefore carried out in ten
districts of Bangladesh to learn more about medicinal plants used by folk medicinal practitioners......