India is proud of its long-standing contributions to the UN peace operations (UNPOs) with a huma... more India is proud of its long-standing contributions to the UN peace operations (UNPOs) with a humane approach. India's involvement in UNPOs commenced with the UN-mandated Neutral Nations’ Repatriation Commission (NNRC) in Korea in 1953 and has grown to more than 280,000 troops by June 2024, deploying in more than 49 UN missions out of 73. As many as 178 Indian peacekeepers have made the supreme sacrifice while serving in these missions. Indian diplomats, soldiers from the armed forces, police personnel and civilian peacekeepers have taken part in some of the most complex and intractable operations spanning the four continents. The ancient Indian wisdom of “Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam” or “world as one family”, echoes in these endeavours, with its time-tested ethos of openness, respect for diversity, coexistence, and cooperation.
Protection of Civilians (PoC) mandates have rightly captured the central narrative of UN Peace Op... more Protection of Civilians (PoC) mandates have rightly captured the central narrative of UN Peace Operations (UNPOs). It is essential to acknowledge that a key to the successful implementation of the mandate also rests on a 'reasonable protection framework for the peacekeepers', who stick their necks in alien lands. International Day of UN Peacekeepers is observed every year on 29 May to recognize the ultimate sacrifices of peacekeepers. The day also recognises and honours the memory of 4,330 peacekeepers who lost their lives for the cause of peace. In the last decade, more than ever, the UN peacekeepers have increasingly been tasked to protect vulnerable people in some of the most fragile political and security situations. But as the peacekeepers' casualties show, protection has a cost, as nearly 30% of fatalities due to malicious acts have come in the last decade itself. The UN Data shows that from the first establishment of UNPOs in 1948, as many as 4,330 peacekeepers (1,118 due to malicious acts) have died till 30 September 20231. After 2020, the majority of the fatalities have taken place in Mali, South Sudan, the Central African Republic, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo missions.
The United Nations has introduced a layered approach to UN peacekeeping operations (PKOs) with wi... more The United Nations has introduced a layered approach to UN peacekeeping operations (PKOs) with wide-ranging enablers based on many reviews. Accordingly, a new resolution on the protection of civilians (POC) was adopted by the UN Security Council in 1999. The study attempts to understand the complexities of multidimensional PKOs, POC, 2019 policy, specific role of the UN military force and the need for new structuring and training of the UN military presence in the mission areas. A systematic reviews based study, looks at the multidimensional peacekeeping as an offshoot of the international theory of multilateralism. The study has analysed the 2019 POC policy in detail and infers that each regulation and guideline needs careful preparation by all peacekeeping components. The same has been analysed in connection with special application to the UN military, to understand the role in the execution of protection mandate. There is a need to reorient UN peacekeeping military forces to this challenging role, which can only be accomplished by an integration of all resources and understanding protection mandates of other humanitarian components.
International Journal of Business and Globalisation, 2021
Corporate restructuring always plays an essential role to restore the financial health of many co... more Corporate restructuring always plays an essential role to restore the financial health of many companies worldwide. In Indian context, open offer is a prominent tool in takeovers to safeguard the rights of minority shareholders. This study focuses on 'change in control' objective of open offer and its effects on the wealth of objective firm's shareholders. The present study used a sample of 96 offers which were based on 'change in control' objective during 2015-2017. The research is based on event study approach, ARs, and CAARs were used to analyse the effects of open offer on sample firms within the event window of 41 days. The results reflected that 'change in control' motive has significant positive impact on majority of companies in India with 22.38% cumulative estimation errors. The study concluded that if such an objective of an open offer can be anticipated well, then the investors can have a jackpot bonanza.
Research on examining the relationship between the extent of related party transactions (RPTs) an... more Research on examining the relationship between the extent of related party transactions (RPTs) and the firm performance lack consensus. To further investigate this relationship, we use data of a sample of 483 Indian companies listed at National Stock Exchange (NSE) for the period 2013-2017. Based on analysis of data using panel regression, we observe that different forms of RPTs - income, expenses, borrowings and Loans, bank guarantee - do not lead to enhancement of the firm performance. However, the income from related parties are found to be negatively associated with firm performance. This is consistent with the hypothesis of principal-principal or manager conflict in corporate governance.
MIER Journal of Educational Studies Trends & Practices, 2021
Strategic Management (SM) finds wide adoption across the industry, government, military academia ... more Strategic Management (SM) finds wide adoption across the industry, government, military academia and other organizations with a view to ensuring survival and longterm growth. Universities across the world, especially in the USA, UK, Australia, Canada and China, have successfully implemented SM to build strong international brands and consistently maintain top global rankings. Indian Higher Education (IHE) sector, however, has not been proactive in adopting SM to address the numerous challenges that confront it. In this paper, the authors have explored the current state of SM adoption in IHE, highlighting the challenges in its implementation and suggest some ideas to help institutionalize SM for effecting long-term positive change in the sector.
International Journal for Research in Engineering Application & Management (IJREAM), 2019
Education has played an essential part in the overall development of an individual. The education... more Education has played an essential part in the overall development of an individual. The education industry in India is growing at a swift pace. Satisfaction of the students is very important in this context since high levels of satisfaction are positively correlated with the profitability of an organization. This paper attempts to identify various drivers of student satisfaction and also examines the impact of these drivers on overall student satisfaction. The findings of the study reveal that effective designing of curriculum, physical facilities, instructor support, support services, teaching quality and management of the institute are very vital in order to achieve the overall student satisfaction. The study also brings out an important fact from the literature that the majority of students is found to be satisfied with their academic programs, but are less satisfied with support services such as academic advising and career counselling. Inadequate support services at the educational institutions have influenced the student satisfaction score. The study also highlights that the continuous and effective dialogue between the instructor and students is also very important in order to achieve the expected satisfaction level of the student. The management role is very vital in this regard and it must regularly invest in training and development of instructor in order to ensure high quality of teaching skills.
GE-International Journal of Management Research, 2016
Various studies have been conducted to ascertain the correlates and antecedents of organizational... more Various studies have been conducted to ascertain the correlates and antecedents of organizational commitment of the workforce in different sectors. Regardless of the established organizational concerns regarding this vital issue, there are still many areas that still seem to be under-researched or discounted. Most of the existing literature focuses on commitment in a narrower sense rather than investigating it in a holistic manner. This paper works on developing an integrative model of organizational commitment and attempts to look at various reasons of continuous employee commitment to an organization. The study involved an extensive meta-analysis of a number of related surveys and studies using structured key word approach. The main objective of the study is to assess organizational commitment through development of a theoretical model based on social exchange theory. Most of the existing literature reveals that an organizational commitment is a function of interaction of many diversely intertwined factors. These forces primarily include factors pertaining to an organization, individual or job characteristics. These may also contain other factors resulting in employees' organizational commitment through relational exchange mechanisms. Relational exchange mechanisms are simply the interplays of employees'
"The Indian (Independent) Brigade Group can be likened to a very small blanket thrown over a very... more "The Indian (Independent) Brigade Group can be likened to a very small blanket thrown over a very large man. When the tops of the body gets cold the blanket is drawn up, and when the feet get cold the blanket is moved down again. Not only this, but the blanket had had to get into small pieces to cover at the same time various parts of the body".
- Lieutenant General Sean Mackeown of Ireland, the UN Force Commander
Digital data culture is changing globally with a sharp increase in internet users, expansion of s... more Digital data culture is changing globally with a sharp increase in internet users, expansion of social networking media and smart applications of the mobile devices. The extensive availability of data on different open sources is forcing all business segment (pure businesses, political setups, governance tools and various social organizations) to change their methodologies and approaches to doing respective businesses. Decision-making is more analytical and rationale than in the past, where intuition rather than cold logic was the norm. Future ready organizations cannot ignore data inputs for reengineering their business processes or adding value in the customer delivery chains. Consumer has not only a wide range of choices but also a transparent regime to choose from, thanks to the smart applications. This expansion in data use is driving the demand for data ready analysts and data literate workforce.
The higher education in India must face this revolutionary change in the way business is being transacted. It is not only the information and technology syllabus, but also other syllabi, which need an application oriented knowledge delivery on data management. Management schools require increasing their data handling and data analysis content, in order to groom data analysts and enhance ability of all graduates to understand data language.
India is proud of its long-standing contributions to the UN peace operations (UNPOs) with a huma... more India is proud of its long-standing contributions to the UN peace operations (UNPOs) with a humane approach. India's involvement in UNPOs commenced with the UN-mandated Neutral Nations’ Repatriation Commission (NNRC) in Korea in 1953 and has grown to more than 280,000 troops by June 2024, deploying in more than 49 UN missions out of 73. As many as 178 Indian peacekeepers have made the supreme sacrifice while serving in these missions. Indian diplomats, soldiers from the armed forces, police personnel and civilian peacekeepers have taken part in some of the most complex and intractable operations spanning the four continents. The ancient Indian wisdom of “Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam” or “world as one family”, echoes in these endeavours, with its time-tested ethos of openness, respect for diversity, coexistence, and cooperation.
Protection of Civilians (PoC) mandates have rightly captured the central narrative of UN Peace Op... more Protection of Civilians (PoC) mandates have rightly captured the central narrative of UN Peace Operations (UNPOs). It is essential to acknowledge that a key to the successful implementation of the mandate also rests on a 'reasonable protection framework for the peacekeepers', who stick their necks in alien lands. International Day of UN Peacekeepers is observed every year on 29 May to recognize the ultimate sacrifices of peacekeepers. The day also recognises and honours the memory of 4,330 peacekeepers who lost their lives for the cause of peace. In the last decade, more than ever, the UN peacekeepers have increasingly been tasked to protect vulnerable people in some of the most fragile political and security situations. But as the peacekeepers' casualties show, protection has a cost, as nearly 30% of fatalities due to malicious acts have come in the last decade itself. The UN Data shows that from the first establishment of UNPOs in 1948, as many as 4,330 peacekeepers (1,118 due to malicious acts) have died till 30 September 20231. After 2020, the majority of the fatalities have taken place in Mali, South Sudan, the Central African Republic, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo missions.
The United Nations has introduced a layered approach to UN peacekeeping operations (PKOs) with wi... more The United Nations has introduced a layered approach to UN peacekeeping operations (PKOs) with wide-ranging enablers based on many reviews. Accordingly, a new resolution on the protection of civilians (POC) was adopted by the UN Security Council in 1999. The study attempts to understand the complexities of multidimensional PKOs, POC, 2019 policy, specific role of the UN military force and the need for new structuring and training of the UN military presence in the mission areas. A systematic reviews based study, looks at the multidimensional peacekeeping as an offshoot of the international theory of multilateralism. The study has analysed the 2019 POC policy in detail and infers that each regulation and guideline needs careful preparation by all peacekeeping components. The same has been analysed in connection with special application to the UN military, to understand the role in the execution of protection mandate. There is a need to reorient UN peacekeeping military forces to this challenging role, which can only be accomplished by an integration of all resources and understanding protection mandates of other humanitarian components.
International Journal of Business and Globalisation, 2021
Corporate restructuring always plays an essential role to restore the financial health of many co... more Corporate restructuring always plays an essential role to restore the financial health of many companies worldwide. In Indian context, open offer is a prominent tool in takeovers to safeguard the rights of minority shareholders. This study focuses on 'change in control' objective of open offer and its effects on the wealth of objective firm's shareholders. The present study used a sample of 96 offers which were based on 'change in control' objective during 2015-2017. The research is based on event study approach, ARs, and CAARs were used to analyse the effects of open offer on sample firms within the event window of 41 days. The results reflected that 'change in control' motive has significant positive impact on majority of companies in India with 22.38% cumulative estimation errors. The study concluded that if such an objective of an open offer can be anticipated well, then the investors can have a jackpot bonanza.
Research on examining the relationship between the extent of related party transactions (RPTs) an... more Research on examining the relationship between the extent of related party transactions (RPTs) and the firm performance lack consensus. To further investigate this relationship, we use data of a sample of 483 Indian companies listed at National Stock Exchange (NSE) for the period 2013-2017. Based on analysis of data using panel regression, we observe that different forms of RPTs - income, expenses, borrowings and Loans, bank guarantee - do not lead to enhancement of the firm performance. However, the income from related parties are found to be negatively associated with firm performance. This is consistent with the hypothesis of principal-principal or manager conflict in corporate governance.
MIER Journal of Educational Studies Trends & Practices, 2021
Strategic Management (SM) finds wide adoption across the industry, government, military academia ... more Strategic Management (SM) finds wide adoption across the industry, government, military academia and other organizations with a view to ensuring survival and longterm growth. Universities across the world, especially in the USA, UK, Australia, Canada and China, have successfully implemented SM to build strong international brands and consistently maintain top global rankings. Indian Higher Education (IHE) sector, however, has not been proactive in adopting SM to address the numerous challenges that confront it. In this paper, the authors have explored the current state of SM adoption in IHE, highlighting the challenges in its implementation and suggest some ideas to help institutionalize SM for effecting long-term positive change in the sector.
International Journal for Research in Engineering Application & Management (IJREAM), 2019
Education has played an essential part in the overall development of an individual. The education... more Education has played an essential part in the overall development of an individual. The education industry in India is growing at a swift pace. Satisfaction of the students is very important in this context since high levels of satisfaction are positively correlated with the profitability of an organization. This paper attempts to identify various drivers of student satisfaction and also examines the impact of these drivers on overall student satisfaction. The findings of the study reveal that effective designing of curriculum, physical facilities, instructor support, support services, teaching quality and management of the institute are very vital in order to achieve the overall student satisfaction. The study also brings out an important fact from the literature that the majority of students is found to be satisfied with their academic programs, but are less satisfied with support services such as academic advising and career counselling. Inadequate support services at the educational institutions have influenced the student satisfaction score. The study also highlights that the continuous and effective dialogue between the instructor and students is also very important in order to achieve the expected satisfaction level of the student. The management role is very vital in this regard and it must regularly invest in training and development of instructor in order to ensure high quality of teaching skills.
GE-International Journal of Management Research, 2016
Various studies have been conducted to ascertain the correlates and antecedents of organizational... more Various studies have been conducted to ascertain the correlates and antecedents of organizational commitment of the workforce in different sectors. Regardless of the established organizational concerns regarding this vital issue, there are still many areas that still seem to be under-researched or discounted. Most of the existing literature focuses on commitment in a narrower sense rather than investigating it in a holistic manner. This paper works on developing an integrative model of organizational commitment and attempts to look at various reasons of continuous employee commitment to an organization. The study involved an extensive meta-analysis of a number of related surveys and studies using structured key word approach. The main objective of the study is to assess organizational commitment through development of a theoretical model based on social exchange theory. Most of the existing literature reveals that an organizational commitment is a function of interaction of many diversely intertwined factors. These forces primarily include factors pertaining to an organization, individual or job characteristics. These may also contain other factors resulting in employees' organizational commitment through relational exchange mechanisms. Relational exchange mechanisms are simply the interplays of employees'
"The Indian (Independent) Brigade Group can be likened to a very small blanket thrown over a very... more "The Indian (Independent) Brigade Group can be likened to a very small blanket thrown over a very large man. When the tops of the body gets cold the blanket is drawn up, and when the feet get cold the blanket is moved down again. Not only this, but the blanket had had to get into small pieces to cover at the same time various parts of the body".
- Lieutenant General Sean Mackeown of Ireland, the UN Force Commander
Digital data culture is changing globally with a sharp increase in internet users, expansion of s... more Digital data culture is changing globally with a sharp increase in internet users, expansion of social networking media and smart applications of the mobile devices. The extensive availability of data on different open sources is forcing all business segment (pure businesses, political setups, governance tools and various social organizations) to change their methodologies and approaches to doing respective businesses. Decision-making is more analytical and rationale than in the past, where intuition rather than cold logic was the norm. Future ready organizations cannot ignore data inputs for reengineering their business processes or adding value in the customer delivery chains. Consumer has not only a wide range of choices but also a transparent regime to choose from, thanks to the smart applications. This expansion in data use is driving the demand for data ready analysts and data literate workforce.
The higher education in India must face this revolutionary change in the way business is being transacted. It is not only the information and technology syllabus, but also other syllabi, which need an application oriented knowledge delivery on data management. Management schools require increasing their data handling and data analysis content, in order to groom data analysts and enhance ability of all graduates to understand data language.
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Papers by Kulwant Sharma
- Lieutenant General Sean Mackeown of Ireland, the UN Force Commander
The higher education in India must face this revolutionary change in the way business is being transacted. It is not only the information and technology syllabus, but also other syllabi, which need an application oriented knowledge delivery on data management. Management schools require increasing their data handling and data analysis content, in order to groom data analysts and enhance ability of all graduates to understand data language.
- Lieutenant General Sean Mackeown of Ireland, the UN Force Commander
The higher education in India must face this revolutionary change in the way business is being transacted. It is not only the information and technology syllabus, but also other syllabi, which need an application oriented knowledge delivery on data management. Management schools require increasing their data handling and data analysis content, in order to groom data analysts and enhance ability of all graduates to understand data language.