Papers by Gary Pollock
... Pages: 177. Pub Types: Books; Reports - Research; Speeches/Meeting Papers. Abstract: Drawing ... more ... Pages: 177. Pub Types: Books; Reports - Research; Speeches/Meeting Papers. Abstract: Drawing on empirical research and theoretical writings, this book examines how concepts such as risk society and individualization may be used in the field of youth studies. ...
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The Sociological Review, 2015
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Full-text of this article is available at http://www.academicjournals.org/ERR2/PDF/Pdf%202010/Mar... more Full-text of this article is available at http://www.academicjournals.org/ERR2/PDF/Pdf%202010/Mar/Tholen%20et%20al..pdf This paper uses a combination of quantitative and qualitative evidences to assess the ways and extent to which, by 2007/2008, higher education graduates in the South Caucasus capitals were, and were not, deriving labour market benefits from their higher education. The quantitative evidence is from representative samples of approximately 200 in the age range 31 - 37 who were living in each of the three capital cities (Baku, Tbilisi and Yerevan) in 2005 - 2007. The qualitative evidence is from 10 followup interviews in 2008 with selected higher education graduates from the preceding quantitative surveys. The evidence shows that the benefits of higher education were: much superior chances of having been continuously employed since entering the labour market, being in full-time employment in 2007/2008, and holding a non-manual job. Graduates were also more likely than ...
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Polish Sociological Review
Trust in political actors is currently low in all parts of Europe and the former Soviet Union. Th... more Trust in political actors is currently low in all parts of Europe and the former Soviet Union. This paper proceeds by presenting recent evidence from the EU27 and the South Caucasus, and explores differences in levels of trust towards different political actors, between socio-demographic groups, and between countries. The differences are around generally low levels of trust. It is argued that this lack of trust needs to be set in the contexts of economic globalisation having widened inequalities while disempowering national politicians, and the absence of effective political checks on politicians' actions. Throughout the analysis, contrasts are drawn between the relatively mature democracies of the west and the new democracies of Eastern Europe. The paper concludes by suggesting why, in certain regions, trust has been most easily maintained or restored in relatively undemocratic political systems and actors.
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Safer Communities, 2013
ABSTRACT Purpose of this paper This study evaluates the impact of Vision Housing’s provision of h... more ABSTRACT Purpose of this paper This study evaluates the impact of Vision Housing’s provision of housing and support on re-offending rates. Established in 2007, Vision Housing is a small London-based specialist housing provider working primarily with ex-offenders. Design/methodology/approach The evaluation design compared expected re-offending rates after one year calculated using Offender Group Reconviction Scale (OGRS3) with actual reoffending rates after one year based on data from the Police National Computer (PNC). ‘Re-offending’ was defined in line with the current Ministry of Justice definition based on ‘proven re-offending’. Findings The predicted rate of proven re-offending for 400 clients referred to Vision over 12 months was 40.7 per cent. Their actual proven re-offending rate over 12 months was 37.0 per cent. This is 3.7 percentage points less than the predicted proven reoffending rate, equivalent to a 9.1 per cent reduction in proven re-offending. This result was statistically significant. Analysis also suggested that Vision Housing is more successful with women; offenders under the age of 35; offenders referred by the Prison and Probation Service; offenders with a higher predicted risk of proven re-offending; and offenders who had committed more serious offences. Research limitations The evaluation conducted to date does not include a comparison group and therefore has relatively low levels of internal validity. Practical implications This study has produced evidence of the impact of housing on recidivism and quantified that impact. We are not aware of any UK studies of the impact of housing on re-offending that have successfully used a more methodologically robust evaluation design. Until such studies are carried out, the results of the current study should be of great interest to policy-makers and those delivering rehabilitative services to ex-offenders in partnership with third sector organisations
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Sociology, 2009
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Local Government Studies, 1994
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Leisure Studies, 2009
... All the South Caucasus countries became officially independent, and officially post-communist... more ... All the South Caucasus countries became officially independent, and officially post-communist, in 1991 ... Private businesses were already operating, and political movements outside theCommunist Party had ... to have declined in the early 1990s when the youth organisations that ...
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Journal of Youth Studies, 2009
This paper presents evidence from the biographies of samples totaling 1,215 young adults in Armen... more This paper presents evidence from the biographies of samples totaling 1,215 young adults in Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia, who all reached age 16 between 1986 and 1992, and whose subsequent life histories coincided with their countries' transitions from communism. The ...
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Journal of Youth Studies, 2009
This paper reports evidence from surveys in 2007 which gathered life-history information since ag... more This paper reports evidence from surveys in 2007 which gathered life-history information since age 16 from samples totalling 1215 31-37-year-olds in the capital cities and regional centres of the three South Caucasus countries - Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia. Following this ...
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There has been a growing interest among academics, policy makers and practitioners in the subject... more There has been a growing interest among academics, policy makers and practitioners in the subjective well-being of children and young people (CYP). The recognition of CYP’s rights to having a good childhood and good future life chances, coupled with the injunction from the New Sociology of Childhood to consult with CYP as active agents have also resulted in an increasing interest in the use of well-being as a key concept in policy programmes in many countries. In recent years, child well-being has become a priority for the European political agenda. However, the main challenge for the European Union (EU) is to develop the best policies and approaches to effectively improve the well-being of children and young people using the most robust and suitable sources of data. This article identifies research gaps on children and young people’s subjective well-being and discusses the policy relevance of longitudinal survey in the context of the EU strategy for CYP. It is argued that a longitudinal survey would fulfil research gaps and provide invaluable data for the European Union and its member states for monitoring and evaluation of existing policies on children and young people’s well-being and developing future polices supported by robust data.
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European Societies, 2011
This paper identifies classes using evidence from surveys taken in 2009 among nationally represen... more This paper identifies classes using evidence from surveys taken in 2009 among nationally representative samples of approximately 2000 households from each of the three South Caucasus countries–Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia. Information on employment, education and income is used to identify clusters of both individuals and households, in each case a middle class, a working class and a lower class. Using
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This paper uses evidence from a series of studies of young people in a total of 12 excommunist co... more This paper uses evidence from a series of studies of young people in a total of 12 excommunist countries, but mainly from surveys in Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia in 2007, and discusses changes and continuities since the early-1990s in typical labour ...
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Social …, 2008
This paper presents evidence from interviews with 3137 year olds during 2007/08 in rural village... more This paper presents evidence from interviews with 3137 year olds during 2007/08 in rural villages in Aran-Mugan (Azerbaijan), Kotayk (Armenia), and Shida Kartli (Georgia). Profiles of transitions to adulthood during the regions' transitions from communism are sketched ...
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European Physical Education Review, 2008
Abstract This paper presents and discusses evidence about the sport careers of representa-tive sa... more Abstract This paper presents and discusses evidence about the sport careers of representa-tive samples of 3137 year olds from the capital city and a comparator region in each of the three South Caucasus countries Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia. This is one of the few ...
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International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 2002
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Forms of populism have long been a component of modern political discourse and systems where demo... more Forms of populism have long been a component of modern political discourse and systems where democracy relies upon popular legitimacy. There is, however, an uneasy relationship between some widely held views of ‘the people’ and the parties which seek to govern them. Contemporary academic and political discourse on populism often equates these views with right-wing politics, whilst some radical scholars, suggest that these views, whilst controversial, are nonetheless examples of democratic expression. Using survey evidence from 14 European countries, we show that young people take up a mixture of political positions, some of which are strongly associated with indices of populism – cynicism, authoritarianism, nativism, xenophobia – others of which do not map neatly onto the typical ‘left-right’ spectrum. We find evidence that some young people hold contradictory, often conflicting political viewpoints, which are reflective of the historical and cultural contexts of each location rather than of a ‘populist’ ideology. Where some theorists might use the term ‘populism’ pejoratively to denote a poorly and emotively grounded political ideology, we argue that this description denies its democratic legitimacy, as evidence suggests that young people draw on populist rhetoric to articulate views that are more reflective of local and regional concerns.
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Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series A (Statistics in Society), 2007
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Conference Presentations by Gary Pollock
Measures to promote higher levels of civic engagement, more broadly spread through society, may a... more Measures to promote higher levels of civic engagement, more broadly spread through society, may also help to reduce inequalities and promote higher aggregate levels of wellbeing. Uslaner and Brown (2005) suggest that high levels of trust are more likely to result in political participation and that trust is strongly influenced by economic inequality. Political, societal and civic participation varies significantly across Europe, these variations are apparent amongst young people as evidenced in the MYPLACE project (Pilkington and Pollock 2015). We employ a definition of civic engagement which encompasses, firstly, activities between citizens, such as volunteering as well as between citizens and institutions of the state (Foley and Griffiths 2011). Secondly we broaden this to include notions of trust that people have in relation to others and in relation to the institutions of the state (ONS 2014). Research by Li et al. (2008) found that that the ‘stable service class’ had greater levels of civic engagement than the upwardly mobile. They suggest an association between the formal forms of social capital in terms of civic engagement and the informal networks that can be mobilised for advantage. From this perspective, young people in already privileged positions who possess relatively more informal social capital will also be more civically engaged, and will remain so even if their less privileged peers are able to move further up the occupational ladder to join them. This paper contributes to understandings of how, for young people, inequalities in the broadest sense are associated with notions of trust and levels of participation and how these relationships are manifest in a diverse range of settings across Europe.
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Working Papers by Gary Pollock
To facilitate a constructive dialogue between academics, policy makers and practitioners, the EU-... more To facilitate a constructive dialogue between academics, policy makers and practitioners, the EU-CoE youth partnership ran a symposium ‘Youth Policy Responses to the Contemporary Challenges Faced By Young People’ in June 2017. A central pillar of these challenges was identified to be Solidarity and Democracy for which there were two key components: Participation and Volunteering. In preparation for the symposium the authors of this paper drafted material intended to stimulate debate and suggestions for the future direction of policy in these areas. This paper represents the authors’ synthesis of the topics covered from academic, policy and practice perspectives. It is structured using the priorities taken from the symposium, that is focusing on the major headings identified by the participants. For the theme entitled ‘participation’, the key areas of concern were grouped under two headings: underrepresentation, and new forms of participation. For the theme entitled ‘volunteering’ the key areas of concern were grouped under two headings: recognition and frameworks.
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