... Page 6. 333 GARDNeR eT AL.: MANAGeMeNT OF ANNUAL GRASSeS AND AmArANthuS SPP POST at Rocky Mou... more ... Page 6. 333 GARDNeR eT AL.: MANAGeMeNT OF ANNUAL GRASSeS AND AmArANthuS SPP POST at Rocky Mount, but fomesafen was the only PRe herbicide more effective than pyrithiobac POST at Clayton-2 in 2004. Few Amaranthus spp. ...
Glufosinate controls a broad spectrum of weeds in glufosinate-resistant cotton (Gossypium hirsutu... more Glufosinate controls a broad spectrum of weeds in glufosinate-resistant cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Control of grassy weeds, however, can sometimes be inadequate, especially when grasses are large or growing under dry conditions. In situations where less than adequate control of grasses by glufosinate alone is anticipated, growers may consider mixing a postemergence graminicide with glufosinate. Most herbicides mixed with graminicides
Studies examining the efficacy of a single preoperative dose of gabapentin for analgesia after ce... more Studies examining the efficacy of a single preoperative dose of gabapentin for analgesia after cesarean delivery (CD) have been inconclusive. The authors hypothesized that a perioperative course of gabapentin would improve analgesia after CD. This single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, superiority trial was designed to determine the analgesic efficacy of a perioperative course of gabapentin when added to a multimodal analgesic regimen. Women scheduled for elective CD during spinal anesthesia were randomized to receive a perioperative oral course of either gabapentin (600 mg preoperatively followed by 200 mg every 8 h for 2 days) or placebo. Postoperative pain was measured at 24 and 48 h, at rest and on movement, on a visual analogue scale (VAS, 0 to 100 mm). The primary outcome was pain on movement at 24 h. Neonatal outcomes, opiate consumption, VAS satisfaction (0 to 100 mm), adverse effects, and persistent pain were also assessed. Baseline cha...
This is the remarkable story of survival against all the odds. A passenger had a myocardial infar... more This is the remarkable story of survival against all the odds. A passenger had a myocardial infarction complicated by a witnessed cardiac arrest while on a commercial flight through some of the most remote airspace on the planet. Immediate cardiopulmonary resuscitation and use of an automatic external defibrillator achieved rapid return of spontaneous circulation. Passengers and crew worked effectively together, under the guidance of a physician, to provide critical care to the patient while the flight diverted so he could be transferred to an emergency hospital in Beijing for eventual thrombolysis and postresuscitation care. He made a rapid and full recovery to be discharged from hospital, neurologically intact, 10 days later.
Glufosinate may not adequately control annual grasses and Amaranthus spp. in glufosinate-resistan... more Glufosinate may not adequately control annual grasses and Amaranthus spp. in glufosinate-resistant (GR) cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). A field experi - ment at six sites determined effects of residual herbi- cides and timing of initial glufosinate application on control of annual grasses, Amaranthus spp., Ipomoea spp., and common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album L.) in GR cotton. Glufosinate was initially applied early postemergence (EPOST) to 1- to 2- leaf cotton or mid-postemergence (MPOST) to 3- to 4-leaf cotton. Residual herbicides included fluome - turon, fomesafen, pendimethalin, and pyrithiobac applied preemergence (PRE) and pyrithiobac mixed with glufosinate applied postemergence. All treat- ments included glufosinate late postemergence (6- to 7-leaf cotton) followed by prometryn plus MSMA postemergence-directed. Weed control and cotton yield were generally greater with glufosinate applied EPOST compared with MPOST. Greater early season control of annual grasses and Amarant...
... Commer-cially grown Beauregard G2 B-735 cuttings were trans-planted with an in-row spacing of... more ... Commer-cially grown Beauregard G2 B-735 cuttings were trans-planted with an in-row spacing of 23 cm. Plants were later thinned to 22 plants per plot to have equal crop stands. Subplots were kept weed-free, as necessary, by hand. ...
Field studies were conducted in 1996, 1997, and 1998 at Clinton, NC, to determine the influence o... more Field studies were conducted in 1996, 1997, and 1998 at Clinton, NC, to determine the influence of Palmer amaranth establishment and removal periods on the yield and quality of plasticulture-grown ‘Mountain Spring' fresh market tomato. Treatments consisted of 14 Palmer amaranth establishment and removal periods. Half of the treatments were weed removal treatments (REM), in which Palmer amaranth was sowed at the time tomato transplanting and allowed to remain in the field for 0 (weed-free all season), 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, or 10 wk after transplanting (WAT). The second set of the treatments, weed establishment treatments (EST), consisted of sowing Palmer amaranth 0 (weedy all season), 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, or 10 WAT and allowing it to grow in competition with tomato the remainder of the season. Tomato shoot dry weight was reduced 23, 7, and 11 g plant−1 for each week Palmer amaranth removal was delayed from 0 to 10 WAT in 1996, 1997, and 1998, respectively. Marketable tomato yield ranged from ...
Studies were conducted in 2012 and 2013 to determine the effect of fomesafen based Palmer amarant... more Studies were conducted in 2012 and 2013 to determine the effect of fomesafen based Palmer amaranth control program in ‘Covington' and ‘Evangeline' sweetpotato cultivars. Treatments consisted of fomesafen pretransplant alone at 0.20, 0.28, 0.36, 0.42, 0.56, and 0.84 kg ai ha−1or followed by (fb)S-metolachlor at 1.12 kg ai ha−10 to 7 d after transplanting (DAP), fomesafen at 0.28 kg ha−1fbS-metolachlor at 1.12 kg ha−114 DAP, flumioxazin pretransplant at 0.105 kg ai ha−1,S-metolachlor at 1.12 kg ha−10 to 7 DAP, clomazone at 0.63 kg ha−10 to 7 DAP, napropamide at 2.24 kg ha−10 to7 DAP, flumioxazin fbS-metolachlor 0 to 7 DAP, and flumioxazin fb clomazone fbS-metolachlor 14 DAP. Fomesafen pretransplant at 0.28 to 0.84 kg ha−1alone or followed byS-metolachlor at 1.12 kg ha−10 to 7 DAP provided 80 to 100% Palmer amaranth control without reduction of yield and significant (< 13%) injury in Covington and Evangeline sweetpotato. Flumioxazin alone or fbS-metolachlor and flumioxazin f...
Drip irrigation is installed under polyethylene mulch to supply irrigation and nutrients to veget... more Drip irrigation is installed under polyethylene mulch to supply irrigation and nutrients to vegetables grown in plasticulture. This irrigation system also provides an alternative method for application of herbicides into the plant bed for control of yellow and purple nutsedge. Greenhouse and field studies were conducted to determine bell pepper tolerance to halosulfuron, imazosulfuron, and trifloxysulfuron applied POST (over the top of pepper in greenhouse study, POST-directed in the field study) or soil applied (applied by hand with water in greenhouse study or through drip irrigation in the field study). In greenhouse studies, pepper injury from halosulfuron, imazosulfuron, and trifloxysulfuron applied POST was similar at 14 and 21 d after treatment (DAT; 21 to 35% and 54 to 60%, respectively). Halosulfuron, imazosulfuron, and trifloxysulfuron soil applied in greenhouse studies caused 6 to 8% and 13 to 20% injury to pepper at 14 and 21 DAT, respectively. Pepper injury in greenhous...
Abstract: Herbicides registered for lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus L.) do not consistently control ... more Abstract: Herbicides registered for lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus L.) do not consistently control many troublesome weeds. Some herbicides registered for soybean (Glycine max) will control these weeds, but tolerance to lima bean is not known. Two field and two ...
... Byrd and York (1988) evaluated large crabgrass [Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. ... Dewayne ... more ... Byrd and York (1988) evaluated large crabgrass [Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. ... Dewayne Johnson, James Lanier, and personnel at the Central Crops Research Station, the Peanut Belt Research Station, and the Upper Coastal Plain Research Station provided technical ...
Tomato rootstocks have been successfully used for eggplant production. However, the safety of her... more Tomato rootstocks have been successfully used for eggplant production. However, the safety of herbicides registered in tomato has not been tested on grafted eggplant, which is a combination of tomato rootstock and eggplant scion. Greenhouse and field experiments were conducted to determine response of grafted eggplant on tomato rootstock to napropamide, metribuzin, halosulfuron, trifluralin,S-metolachlor, and fomesafen herbicides. In greenhouse experiments, herbicide treatments included pretransplantS-metolachlor (400 and 800 g ai ha−1), pre- or posttransplant metribuzin (140 and 280 g ai ha−1), and posttransplant halosulfuron (18 and 36 g ai ha−1). In field experiments, herbicide treatments included pretransplant fomesafen (280 and 420 g ai ha−1), halosulfuron (39 and 52 g ha−1), metribuzin (280 and 550 g ha−1), napropamide (1,120 and 2,240 g ai ha−1),S-metolachlor (800 and 1,060 g ha−1), and trifluralin (560 and 840 g ai ha−1). The eggplant cultivar ‘Santana' was used as the s...
Research was conducted from 2011 to 2014 to determine weed population dynamics and frequency of g... more Research was conducted from 2011 to 2014 to determine weed population dynamics and frequency of glyphosate-resistant (GR) Palmer amaranth with herbicide programs consisting of glyphosate, dicamba, and residual herbicides in dicamba-tolerant cotton. Five treatments were maintained in the same plots over the duration of the experiment: three sequential POST applications of glyphosate with or without pendimethalin plus diuron PRE; three sequential POST applications of glyphosate plus dicamba with and without the PRE herbicides; and a POST application of glyphosate plus dicamba plus acetochlor followed by one or two POST applications of glyphosate plus dicamba without PRE herbicides. Additional treatments included alternating years with three sequential POST applications of glyphosate only and glyphosate plus dicamba POST with and without PRE herbicides. The greatest population of Palmer amaranth was observed when glyphosate was the only POST herbicide throughout the experiment. Althoug...
Field trials were conducted to evaluate imazosulfuron applied POST at 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 kg/h... more Field trials were conducted to evaluate imazosulfuron applied POST at 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 kg/ha to watermelon at the two- to four-leaf stage or to vines 30.5 cm long. At 7 d after treatment (DAT), crop injury to watermelon increased linearly for both growth stages as rate increased. The least injury to watermelon observed 7 DAT was 19 and 15%, respectively, for the two- to four-leaf and 30.5-cm growth stages treated with 0.01 kg/ha imazosulfuron. The 0.4 kg/ha imazosulfuron treatment caused the greatest watermelon injury (approximately 30%) at both application timings. Yield of watermelon treated with 0.1 and 0.2 kg/ha imazosulfuron applied at the two- to four-leaf and 30.5-cm stages were similar to the nontreated check (all plots were maintained weed-free). For both application timings, yield decreased linearly as imazosulfuron rate increased. The application of imazosulfuron to watermelon at the 30.5-cm stage averaged across rates resulted in less injury at 15 DAT (16%) and gre...
... Page 6. 333 GARDNeR eT AL.: MANAGeMeNT OF ANNUAL GRASSeS AND AmArANthuS SPP POST at Rocky Mou... more ... Page 6. 333 GARDNeR eT AL.: MANAGeMeNT OF ANNUAL GRASSeS AND AmArANthuS SPP POST at Rocky Mount, but fomesafen was the only PRe herbicide more effective than pyrithiobac POST at Clayton-2 in 2004. Few Amaranthus spp. ...
Glufosinate controls a broad spectrum of weeds in glufosinate-resistant cotton (Gossypium hirsutu... more Glufosinate controls a broad spectrum of weeds in glufosinate-resistant cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Control of grassy weeds, however, can sometimes be inadequate, especially when grasses are large or growing under dry conditions. In situations where less than adequate control of grasses by glufosinate alone is anticipated, growers may consider mixing a postemergence graminicide with glufosinate. Most herbicides mixed with graminicides
Studies examining the efficacy of a single preoperative dose of gabapentin for analgesia after ce... more Studies examining the efficacy of a single preoperative dose of gabapentin for analgesia after cesarean delivery (CD) have been inconclusive. The authors hypothesized that a perioperative course of gabapentin would improve analgesia after CD. This single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, superiority trial was designed to determine the analgesic efficacy of a perioperative course of gabapentin when added to a multimodal analgesic regimen. Women scheduled for elective CD during spinal anesthesia were randomized to receive a perioperative oral course of either gabapentin (600 mg preoperatively followed by 200 mg every 8 h for 2 days) or placebo. Postoperative pain was measured at 24 and 48 h, at rest and on movement, on a visual analogue scale (VAS, 0 to 100 mm). The primary outcome was pain on movement at 24 h. Neonatal outcomes, opiate consumption, VAS satisfaction (0 to 100 mm), adverse effects, and persistent pain were also assessed. Baseline cha...
This is the remarkable story of survival against all the odds. A passenger had a myocardial infar... more This is the remarkable story of survival against all the odds. A passenger had a myocardial infarction complicated by a witnessed cardiac arrest while on a commercial flight through some of the most remote airspace on the planet. Immediate cardiopulmonary resuscitation and use of an automatic external defibrillator achieved rapid return of spontaneous circulation. Passengers and crew worked effectively together, under the guidance of a physician, to provide critical care to the patient while the flight diverted so he could be transferred to an emergency hospital in Beijing for eventual thrombolysis and postresuscitation care. He made a rapid and full recovery to be discharged from hospital, neurologically intact, 10 days later.
Glufosinate may not adequately control annual grasses and Amaranthus spp. in glufosinate-resistan... more Glufosinate may not adequately control annual grasses and Amaranthus spp. in glufosinate-resistant (GR) cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). A field experi - ment at six sites determined effects of residual herbi- cides and timing of initial glufosinate application on control of annual grasses, Amaranthus spp., Ipomoea spp., and common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album L.) in GR cotton. Glufosinate was initially applied early postemergence (EPOST) to 1- to 2- leaf cotton or mid-postemergence (MPOST) to 3- to 4-leaf cotton. Residual herbicides included fluome - turon, fomesafen, pendimethalin, and pyrithiobac applied preemergence (PRE) and pyrithiobac mixed with glufosinate applied postemergence. All treat- ments included glufosinate late postemergence (6- to 7-leaf cotton) followed by prometryn plus MSMA postemergence-directed. Weed control and cotton yield were generally greater with glufosinate applied EPOST compared with MPOST. Greater early season control of annual grasses and Amarant...
... Commer-cially grown Beauregard G2 B-735 cuttings were trans-planted with an in-row spacing of... more ... Commer-cially grown Beauregard G2 B-735 cuttings were trans-planted with an in-row spacing of 23 cm. Plants were later thinned to 22 plants per plot to have equal crop stands. Subplots were kept weed-free, as necessary, by hand. ...
Field studies were conducted in 1996, 1997, and 1998 at Clinton, NC, to determine the influence o... more Field studies were conducted in 1996, 1997, and 1998 at Clinton, NC, to determine the influence of Palmer amaranth establishment and removal periods on the yield and quality of plasticulture-grown ‘Mountain Spring' fresh market tomato. Treatments consisted of 14 Palmer amaranth establishment and removal periods. Half of the treatments were weed removal treatments (REM), in which Palmer amaranth was sowed at the time tomato transplanting and allowed to remain in the field for 0 (weed-free all season), 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, or 10 wk after transplanting (WAT). The second set of the treatments, weed establishment treatments (EST), consisted of sowing Palmer amaranth 0 (weedy all season), 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, or 10 WAT and allowing it to grow in competition with tomato the remainder of the season. Tomato shoot dry weight was reduced 23, 7, and 11 g plant−1 for each week Palmer amaranth removal was delayed from 0 to 10 WAT in 1996, 1997, and 1998, respectively. Marketable tomato yield ranged from ...
Studies were conducted in 2012 and 2013 to determine the effect of fomesafen based Palmer amarant... more Studies were conducted in 2012 and 2013 to determine the effect of fomesafen based Palmer amaranth control program in ‘Covington' and ‘Evangeline' sweetpotato cultivars. Treatments consisted of fomesafen pretransplant alone at 0.20, 0.28, 0.36, 0.42, 0.56, and 0.84 kg ai ha−1or followed by (fb)S-metolachlor at 1.12 kg ai ha−10 to 7 d after transplanting (DAP), fomesafen at 0.28 kg ha−1fbS-metolachlor at 1.12 kg ha−114 DAP, flumioxazin pretransplant at 0.105 kg ai ha−1,S-metolachlor at 1.12 kg ha−10 to 7 DAP, clomazone at 0.63 kg ha−10 to 7 DAP, napropamide at 2.24 kg ha−10 to7 DAP, flumioxazin fbS-metolachlor 0 to 7 DAP, and flumioxazin fb clomazone fbS-metolachlor 14 DAP. Fomesafen pretransplant at 0.28 to 0.84 kg ha−1alone or followed byS-metolachlor at 1.12 kg ha−10 to 7 DAP provided 80 to 100% Palmer amaranth control without reduction of yield and significant (< 13%) injury in Covington and Evangeline sweetpotato. Flumioxazin alone or fbS-metolachlor and flumioxazin f...
Drip irrigation is installed under polyethylene mulch to supply irrigation and nutrients to veget... more Drip irrigation is installed under polyethylene mulch to supply irrigation and nutrients to vegetables grown in plasticulture. This irrigation system also provides an alternative method for application of herbicides into the plant bed for control of yellow and purple nutsedge. Greenhouse and field studies were conducted to determine bell pepper tolerance to halosulfuron, imazosulfuron, and trifloxysulfuron applied POST (over the top of pepper in greenhouse study, POST-directed in the field study) or soil applied (applied by hand with water in greenhouse study or through drip irrigation in the field study). In greenhouse studies, pepper injury from halosulfuron, imazosulfuron, and trifloxysulfuron applied POST was similar at 14 and 21 d after treatment (DAT; 21 to 35% and 54 to 60%, respectively). Halosulfuron, imazosulfuron, and trifloxysulfuron soil applied in greenhouse studies caused 6 to 8% and 13 to 20% injury to pepper at 14 and 21 DAT, respectively. Pepper injury in greenhous...
Abstract: Herbicides registered for lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus L.) do not consistently control ... more Abstract: Herbicides registered for lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus L.) do not consistently control many troublesome weeds. Some herbicides registered for soybean (Glycine max) will control these weeds, but tolerance to lima bean is not known. Two field and two ...
... Byrd and York (1988) evaluated large crabgrass [Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. ... Dewayne ... more ... Byrd and York (1988) evaluated large crabgrass [Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. ... Dewayne Johnson, James Lanier, and personnel at the Central Crops Research Station, the Peanut Belt Research Station, and the Upper Coastal Plain Research Station provided technical ...
Tomato rootstocks have been successfully used for eggplant production. However, the safety of her... more Tomato rootstocks have been successfully used for eggplant production. However, the safety of herbicides registered in tomato has not been tested on grafted eggplant, which is a combination of tomato rootstock and eggplant scion. Greenhouse and field experiments were conducted to determine response of grafted eggplant on tomato rootstock to napropamide, metribuzin, halosulfuron, trifluralin,S-metolachlor, and fomesafen herbicides. In greenhouse experiments, herbicide treatments included pretransplantS-metolachlor (400 and 800 g ai ha−1), pre- or posttransplant metribuzin (140 and 280 g ai ha−1), and posttransplant halosulfuron (18 and 36 g ai ha−1). In field experiments, herbicide treatments included pretransplant fomesafen (280 and 420 g ai ha−1), halosulfuron (39 and 52 g ha−1), metribuzin (280 and 550 g ha−1), napropamide (1,120 and 2,240 g ai ha−1),S-metolachlor (800 and 1,060 g ha−1), and trifluralin (560 and 840 g ai ha−1). The eggplant cultivar ‘Santana' was used as the s...
Research was conducted from 2011 to 2014 to determine weed population dynamics and frequency of g... more Research was conducted from 2011 to 2014 to determine weed population dynamics and frequency of glyphosate-resistant (GR) Palmer amaranth with herbicide programs consisting of glyphosate, dicamba, and residual herbicides in dicamba-tolerant cotton. Five treatments were maintained in the same plots over the duration of the experiment: three sequential POST applications of glyphosate with or without pendimethalin plus diuron PRE; three sequential POST applications of glyphosate plus dicamba with and without the PRE herbicides; and a POST application of glyphosate plus dicamba plus acetochlor followed by one or two POST applications of glyphosate plus dicamba without PRE herbicides. Additional treatments included alternating years with three sequential POST applications of glyphosate only and glyphosate plus dicamba POST with and without PRE herbicides. The greatest population of Palmer amaranth was observed when glyphosate was the only POST herbicide throughout the experiment. Althoug...
Field trials were conducted to evaluate imazosulfuron applied POST at 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 kg/h... more Field trials were conducted to evaluate imazosulfuron applied POST at 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 kg/ha to watermelon at the two- to four-leaf stage or to vines 30.5 cm long. At 7 d after treatment (DAT), crop injury to watermelon increased linearly for both growth stages as rate increased. The least injury to watermelon observed 7 DAT was 19 and 15%, respectively, for the two- to four-leaf and 30.5-cm growth stages treated with 0.01 kg/ha imazosulfuron. The 0.4 kg/ha imazosulfuron treatment caused the greatest watermelon injury (approximately 30%) at both application timings. Yield of watermelon treated with 0.1 and 0.2 kg/ha imazosulfuron applied at the two- to four-leaf and 30.5-cm stages were similar to the nontreated check (all plots were maintained weed-free). For both application timings, yield decreased linearly as imazosulfuron rate increased. The application of imazosulfuron to watermelon at the 30.5-cm stage averaged across rates resulted in less injury at 15 DAT (16%) and gre...
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