Emeritus professor, Aquaculture, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Ministry of scientific Research, Alexandria-Egypt. Phone: Riyadh 0567599094 - 01121426655 Alexandria Address: King Saud University Camp
Twelve experimental diets containing 35% crude protein and 434.29 Kcal gross energy 100g-1 were f... more Twelve experimental diets containing 35% crude protein and 434.29 Kcal gross energy 100g-1 were formulated to process three groups of diets according to protein source and level: group 1 (G1) consists of: 25% fish meal (FM) + 75% soybean meal (SBM); group 2 (G2): 50% FM + 50% SBM and group 3 (G3): 75% FM + 25% SBM. Each group included four treatments according to feed additive source and level: a) control diet (without garlic or onion: D1, D5, D9), b) supplemented with 4% garlic (D2, D6, D10), c) supplemented with 6% onion (D3, D7, D11) and d) supplemented with 10% mixture (4% garlic and 6% onion: D4, D8, D12) on dry matter basis as phyto additives in order to study its effects on growth performance, feed utilization and whole body composition of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) mono-sex fingerlings. Fish were reared in thirty six glass aquaria for 84 days, triplicate per treatment. Ten fingerlings of tilapia were placed per each aquarium with an average initial weight of 3.12 ±...
The present study was carried out to investigate the total and partial replacement of Jojoba meal... more The present study was carried out to investigate the total and partial replacement of Jojoba meal (JM), Simmondsia chinensis, with fishmeal (FM) at different levels (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) on growth performance, feed utilization, and carcass composition of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings. Fingerlings with an average weight of 1.65 ± 0.01 g/fish stocked at a rate of 10 fish/aquarium for 84 days experimental period. All experimental diets were isocaloric (437.69 kcal/100 g Dry Matter, DM) and isonitrogenous (30.5% crude protein) and supplemented with 0.5% L-Methionine and 0.5% L-Lysine Hcl. Results showed that there were a significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) in final body weights, average daily gain (g fish-1 day-1), specific growth rate (SGR, % day-1), feed conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), protein productive value (PPV%) and energy retention (ER%) among the tested groups. Nile tilapia fingerlings fed on the diet containing 25% S. chinensis protein exhibited comparable growth performance to those fed FM protein based diet. Carcass composition of crude protein decreased significantly (P ≤ 0.05) with increasing JM replacement level above 50%, while replacement 25% JM does not affect DM and Crude Protein of fish flesh. On the other hand, increasing JM replacement level up to 75% increased Ether Extract % significantly (P ≤ 0.05) and increasing JM up to 100% increased ash content significantly (P ≤ 0.05) while energy content (EC) decreased. It could be concluded the replacement of 25% Jojoba meal instead of fishmeal in Nile tilapia fingerlings diets is possible without any adverse effects on its growth performance or feed utilization.
A Trial to Improve the Utilization of Water Lettuce (Ulva Lactuca) and Water Fern (Azolla Pinnata... more A Trial to Improve the Utilization of Water Lettuce (Ulva Lactuca) and Water Fern (Azolla Pinnata) in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) Diets.
Response of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings to different replacement levels of f... more Response of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings to different replacement levels of fish meal with soybean meal using Garlic and Onion.
Two separate experiments (1 and 2, respectively) were conducted in order to investigate the
susc... more Two separate experiments (1 and 2, respectively) were conducted in order to investigate the
susceptibility of using dried Ulva (Ulva lactuca) meal (DUM) and dried azolla (Azolla pinnata) meal
(DAM) with or without Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) treatment in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
feeding. Nine experimental diets (30% crude protein) were processed; four containing 10% DUM for
the first experiment and another four diets containing 20% DAM for the second experiment, where
DUM and DAM were treated either with 0, 1, 2, or 3% NaOH, and one control diet without DUM or
DAM for both experiments. Each diet was applied to the experimental fish in the 1st and 2nd
experiments in triplicate groups of 10 fish (2.79 ± 0.014 g, Av.± SE) per aquaria (100 l) for 84 days.
Fish were fed the experimental diets three times daily (six day a week) at a daily feeding rate of 3% of
live body weight until the end of the trial.
The results show that growth performance of fish fed diets containing 10 %DUM and 20% DAM
with 3.0 % NaOH treated were significantly (P<0.05) different than those fed control diet. Increasing
NaOH treatment concentration percent for DUM or DAM increased fish feed intake (FI) (g/fish),
protein efficiency ratio (PER), protein productive value (PPV %), energy utilization (EU %) and
improved feed conversion ratio (FCR). Chemical composition of fish fed either DUM or DAM
illustrated that differences were not significant (P<0.05) between fish fed treated or untreated in dry
matter and crude protein. Increasing NaOH concentration treatment from 1% up to 3% lead to decrease
in fat and ash contents in fish, while energy content was not significantly affected (P<0.05). There was
no significant different (P<0.05) in fat content between fish fed diets containing DUM, while it was
significant (P<0.05) between fish fed DAM diets and the higher fat content was recorded in fish fed
DAM involved diet treated with 1% NaOH . In general, and based on the obtained results it could be
concluded that Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus) can utilize of dried Ulva (Ulva lactuca) meal
(DUM) at a level of 10 % or dried azolla (Azolla pinnata) meal (DAM) at a level of 20 % with sodium
hydroxide (NaOH) treatment at a level 3.0 in the diet instead of plant protein without any adverse effect
on fish health.
Key words: DUM, DAM , Sodium hydroxide, Plant protein source.
Résumé/Abstract A feeding experiment was conducted to study the effect of different levels of sup... more Résumé/Abstract A feeding experiment was conducted to study the effect of different levels of supplemental Prosopis juliflora on growth performance, feed utilization and chemical composition of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry (1.36±0.04 g). Six isonitrogenous ( ...
Twelve experimental diets containing 35% crude protein and 434.29 Kcal gross energy 100g-1 were f... more Twelve experimental diets containing 35% crude protein and 434.29 Kcal gross energy 100g-1 were formulated to process three groups of diets according to protein source and level: group 1 (G1) consists of: 25% fish meal (FM) + 75% soybean meal (SBM); group 2 (G2): 50% FM + 50% SBM and group 3 (G3): 75% FM + 25% SBM. Each group included four treatments according to feed additive source and level: a) control diet (without garlic or onion: D1, D5, D9), b) supplemented with 4% garlic (D2, D6, D10), c) supplemented with 6% onion (D3, D7, D11) and d) supplemented with 10% mixture (4% garlic and 6% onion: D4, D8, D12) on dry matter basis as phyto additives in order to study its effects on growth performance, feed utilization and whole body composition of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) mono-sex fingerlings. Fish were reared in thirty six glass aquaria for 84 days, triplicate per treatment. Ten fingerlings of tilapia were placed per each aquarium with an average initial weight of 3.12 ±...
The present study was carried out to investigate the total and partial replacement of Jojoba meal... more The present study was carried out to investigate the total and partial replacement of Jojoba meal (JM), Simmondsia chinensis, with fishmeal (FM) at different levels (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) on growth performance, feed utilization, and carcass composition of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings. Fingerlings with an average weight of 1.65 ± 0.01 g/fish stocked at a rate of 10 fish/aquarium for 84 days experimental period. All experimental diets were isocaloric (437.69 kcal/100 g Dry Matter, DM) and isonitrogenous (30.5% crude protein) and supplemented with 0.5% L-Methionine and 0.5% L-Lysine Hcl. Results showed that there were a significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) in final body weights, average daily gain (g fish-1 day-1), specific growth rate (SGR, % day-1), feed conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), protein productive value (PPV%) and energy retention (ER%) among the tested groups. Nile tilapia fingerlings fed on the diet containing 25% S. chinensis protein exhibited comparable growth performance to those fed FM protein based diet. Carcass composition of crude protein decreased significantly (P ≤ 0.05) with increasing JM replacement level above 50%, while replacement 25% JM does not affect DM and Crude Protein of fish flesh. On the other hand, increasing JM replacement level up to 75% increased Ether Extract % significantly (P ≤ 0.05) and increasing JM up to 100% increased ash content significantly (P ≤ 0.05) while energy content (EC) decreased. It could be concluded the replacement of 25% Jojoba meal instead of fishmeal in Nile tilapia fingerlings diets is possible without any adverse effects on its growth performance or feed utilization.
A Trial to Improve the Utilization of Water Lettuce (Ulva Lactuca) and Water Fern (Azolla Pinnata... more A Trial to Improve the Utilization of Water Lettuce (Ulva Lactuca) and Water Fern (Azolla Pinnata) in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) Diets.
Response of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings to different replacement levels of f... more Response of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings to different replacement levels of fish meal with soybean meal using Garlic and Onion.
Two separate experiments (1 and 2, respectively) were conducted in order to investigate the
susc... more Two separate experiments (1 and 2, respectively) were conducted in order to investigate the
susceptibility of using dried Ulva (Ulva lactuca) meal (DUM) and dried azolla (Azolla pinnata) meal
(DAM) with or without Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) treatment in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
feeding. Nine experimental diets (30% crude protein) were processed; four containing 10% DUM for
the first experiment and another four diets containing 20% DAM for the second experiment, where
DUM and DAM were treated either with 0, 1, 2, or 3% NaOH, and one control diet without DUM or
DAM for both experiments. Each diet was applied to the experimental fish in the 1st and 2nd
experiments in triplicate groups of 10 fish (2.79 ± 0.014 g, Av.± SE) per aquaria (100 l) for 84 days.
Fish were fed the experimental diets three times daily (six day a week) at a daily feeding rate of 3% of
live body weight until the end of the trial.
The results show that growth performance of fish fed diets containing 10 %DUM and 20% DAM
with 3.0 % NaOH treated were significantly (P<0.05) different than those fed control diet. Increasing
NaOH treatment concentration percent for DUM or DAM increased fish feed intake (FI) (g/fish),
protein efficiency ratio (PER), protein productive value (PPV %), energy utilization (EU %) and
improved feed conversion ratio (FCR). Chemical composition of fish fed either DUM or DAM
illustrated that differences were not significant (P<0.05) between fish fed treated or untreated in dry
matter and crude protein. Increasing NaOH concentration treatment from 1% up to 3% lead to decrease
in fat and ash contents in fish, while energy content was not significantly affected (P<0.05). There was
no significant different (P<0.05) in fat content between fish fed diets containing DUM, while it was
significant (P<0.05) between fish fed DAM diets and the higher fat content was recorded in fish fed
DAM involved diet treated with 1% NaOH . In general, and based on the obtained results it could be
concluded that Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus) can utilize of dried Ulva (Ulva lactuca) meal
(DUM) at a level of 10 % or dried azolla (Azolla pinnata) meal (DAM) at a level of 20 % with sodium
hydroxide (NaOH) treatment at a level 3.0 in the diet instead of plant protein without any adverse effect
on fish health.
Key words: DUM, DAM , Sodium hydroxide, Plant protein source.
Résumé/Abstract A feeding experiment was conducted to study the effect of different levels of sup... more Résumé/Abstract A feeding experiment was conducted to study the effect of different levels of supplemental Prosopis juliflora on growth performance, feed utilization and chemical composition of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry (1.36±0.04 g). Six isonitrogenous ( ...
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Papers by Hafez Mabrouk
susceptibility of using dried Ulva (Ulva lactuca) meal (DUM) and dried azolla (Azolla pinnata) meal
(DAM) with or without Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) treatment in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
feeding. Nine experimental diets (30% crude protein) were processed; four containing 10% DUM for
the first experiment and another four diets containing 20% DAM for the second experiment, where
DUM and DAM were treated either with 0, 1, 2, or 3% NaOH, and one control diet without DUM or
DAM for both experiments. Each diet was applied to the experimental fish in the 1st and 2nd
experiments in triplicate groups of 10 fish (2.79 ± 0.014 g, Av.± SE) per aquaria (100 l) for 84 days.
Fish were fed the experimental diets three times daily (six day a week) at a daily feeding rate of 3% of
live body weight until the end of the trial.
The results show that growth performance of fish fed diets containing 10 %DUM and 20% DAM
with 3.0 % NaOH treated were significantly (P<0.05) different than those fed control diet. Increasing
NaOH treatment concentration percent for DUM or DAM increased fish feed intake (FI) (g/fish),
protein efficiency ratio (PER), protein productive value (PPV %), energy utilization (EU %) and
improved feed conversion ratio (FCR). Chemical composition of fish fed either DUM or DAM
illustrated that differences were not significant (P<0.05) between fish fed treated or untreated in dry
matter and crude protein. Increasing NaOH concentration treatment from 1% up to 3% lead to decrease
in fat and ash contents in fish, while energy content was not significantly affected (P<0.05). There was
no significant different (P<0.05) in fat content between fish fed diets containing DUM, while it was
significant (P<0.05) between fish fed DAM diets and the higher fat content was recorded in fish fed
DAM involved diet treated with 1% NaOH . In general, and based on the obtained results it could be
concluded that Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus) can utilize of dried Ulva (Ulva lactuca) meal
(DUM) at a level of 10 % or dried azolla (Azolla pinnata) meal (DAM) at a level of 20 % with sodium
hydroxide (NaOH) treatment at a level 3.0 in the diet instead of plant protein without any adverse effect
on fish health.
Key words: DUM, DAM , Sodium hydroxide, Plant protein source.
susceptibility of using dried Ulva (Ulva lactuca) meal (DUM) and dried azolla (Azolla pinnata) meal
(DAM) with or without Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) treatment in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
feeding. Nine experimental diets (30% crude protein) were processed; four containing 10% DUM for
the first experiment and another four diets containing 20% DAM for the second experiment, where
DUM and DAM were treated either with 0, 1, 2, or 3% NaOH, and one control diet without DUM or
DAM for both experiments. Each diet was applied to the experimental fish in the 1st and 2nd
experiments in triplicate groups of 10 fish (2.79 ± 0.014 g, Av.± SE) per aquaria (100 l) for 84 days.
Fish were fed the experimental diets three times daily (six day a week) at a daily feeding rate of 3% of
live body weight until the end of the trial.
The results show that growth performance of fish fed diets containing 10 %DUM and 20% DAM
with 3.0 % NaOH treated were significantly (P<0.05) different than those fed control diet. Increasing
NaOH treatment concentration percent for DUM or DAM increased fish feed intake (FI) (g/fish),
protein efficiency ratio (PER), protein productive value (PPV %), energy utilization (EU %) and
improved feed conversion ratio (FCR). Chemical composition of fish fed either DUM or DAM
illustrated that differences were not significant (P<0.05) between fish fed treated or untreated in dry
matter and crude protein. Increasing NaOH concentration treatment from 1% up to 3% lead to decrease
in fat and ash contents in fish, while energy content was not significantly affected (P<0.05). There was
no significant different (P<0.05) in fat content between fish fed diets containing DUM, while it was
significant (P<0.05) between fish fed DAM diets and the higher fat content was recorded in fish fed
DAM involved diet treated with 1% NaOH . In general, and based on the obtained results it could be
concluded that Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus) can utilize of dried Ulva (Ulva lactuca) meal
(DUM) at a level of 10 % or dried azolla (Azolla pinnata) meal (DAM) at a level of 20 % with sodium
hydroxide (NaOH) treatment at a level 3.0 in the diet instead of plant protein without any adverse effect
on fish health.
Key words: DUM, DAM , Sodium hydroxide, Plant protein source.