A group of must who edited a special issue of Technological Forecasting and social change on disa... more A group of must who edited a special issue of Technological Forecasting and social change on disaster resilience. For those of you interested in emergency management the introduction to the issue will be free for six months and can be seen and downloaded (PDF) via http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040162517306224 Besides the very interesting papers described we proposed at the end how measures of actual resiliency and how much non resilience can exist for a specific disaster at a specific location and for the purpose of planning and improving resilience. Read the end of the paper and view the graph there for that material. The issue of TFSC is v 121, august, 2017, pages 1-6.
For, in reality, the knowledge of an effect is nothing else than the acquisition of more perfect ... more For, in reality, the knowledge of an effect is nothing else than the acquisition of more perfect knowledge of its cause-Spinoza ABSTRACT This paper presents the author's viewpoints and insights into what should be a major activity for ISCRAM to insure a better future for Emergency Management in general. The overall recommendation is that ISCRAM as a professional society should be very actively involved in setting a standard for an Emergency Management degree program that provides a distinctive major in EMIS (Emergency Management Information Systems). The emphasis and conclusions in this paper are based largely upon the situation in the United States.
Editors Comment: The leader by Murray Turoff, our advisory Board Member, uses a fictional format ... more Editors Comment: The leader by Murray Turoff, our advisory Board Member, uses a fictional format to focus on an issue of mounting significance for long range planners. Scenarios have been used extensively in technological forecasting as a vehicle for summarizing the results of fairly involved studies. In a sense one may look on those types of scenarios as positive ones. Much less used, but no less useful, are what one may terms as the negative scenarios. This is the process of extrapolating certain trends and situations to their extreme, but oftne logical, conclusions. While few peole would rate the probability of such scenarios actually occurring as high, their real objective is that of highlighting current problems and thereby maintaining few probabilities of occurrence.
A variety of field trials have been conducted at NJIT in the past few years to demonstrate the ut... more A variety of field trials have been conducted at NJIT in the past few years to demonstrate the utility of a Delphi-like approach to promoting asynchronous class wide collaboration. These utilized the Social Decision Support System (SDSS) originally developed as a Computer Mediated Communication (CMC) system for large group decision support. This paper provides an overview of these studies and then focuses on a recent case study in the fall of 2003 that demonstrated the ability of a computer mediated asynchronous Delphi process as a tool to scaffold collaborative idea generation and evaluation in both face to face and distance courses.
The role of Emergency Management is to respond effectively to a major emergency that cannot be ha... more The role of Emergency Management is to respond effectively to a major emergency that cannot be handled by the day to day independent services such as fire fighters, police, and medical response facilities. However, normal evolutionary processes typically make the ability to respond to disasters more difficult. This leads to long term decision and policy conflicts and incompatibilities about desirable goals, with implications for practitioners and system designers.
Are we denying the regular student in face-to-face classes the same quality of education that we ... more Are we denying the regular student in face-to-face classes the same quality of education that we are providing the distance student? Are the group communications technology and the collaborative learning methodology that it supports producing courses that are better than face-to-face classes? Is it time to stop mistreating the face-to-space student and eliminate the learning inhibitions that the face to face student faces!? In the view of the author these are the important questions and asking the right question is what leads to the best solutions.
Learning networks are groups of people who
use the Internet and Web to communicate
and collaborat... more Learning networks are groups of people who use the Internet and Web to communicate and collaborate in order to build and share knowledge [3]. The most frequent application is online college courses, but they could also occur at the grade school level (see Amy Bruckman’s article in this section), as learning communities within professional societies or other organizations, or to support public participation in issue-oriented discussions.
This book (free on my website) was stored as one file on Academia by a non-author (Thu le) and i ... more This book (free on my website) was stored as one file on Academia by a non-author (Thu le) and i cannot modify that. However, i have listed the table of contents and if you go to my website you can get any of the chapters and papers you want. http://is.njit.edu/turoff
Learning networks are groups of people who
use the Internet and Web to communicate
and collaborat... more Learning networks are groups of people who use the Internet and Web to communicate and collaborate in order to build and share knowledge [3]. The most frequent application is online college courses, but they could also occur at the grade school level (see Amy Bruckman’s article in this section), as learning communities within professional societies or other organizations, or to support public participation in issue-oriented discussions.
Online learning is a new social process
that is beginning to act as a complete substitute
for bot... more Online learning is a new social process that is beginning to act as a complete substitute for both distance learning and the traditional face-to-face class.
The heterogeneity of the participants must be preserved to assure validity of the results, i.e., ... more The heterogeneity of the participants must be preserved to assure validity of the results, i.e., avoidance of domination by quantity or by strength of personality ("bandwagon effect") Hence, for the application papers in this book tire emphasis is not on the results of a particular application but, rather, on discussion of why Delphi was used and how it was implemented. From this the reader may be able to transpose the considerations 1 We refer to "intelligence" in this context as including attitudes and feelings which are part of the process of human motivation and action. Introduction 7 exposure of misrepresentation in a Delphi summary than in a typical ,group study report. Finally, misunderstandings may arise from differences in language and logic if participants come from diverse cultural backgrounds. Since we consider these virtual issues to be somewhat irrelevant to Delphi per sc, we have made no attempt to give them special attention within this book. Other problems will be discussed in Chapter VIII.
Proceedings of the June 7-10, 1976, national computer conference and exposition on - AFIPS '76, 1976
This paper examines the potential impact of computer and information technology on the role and m... more This paper examines the potential impact of computer and information technology on the role and mission of the library. In an indirect, but no less significant sense it also considers the impact of the library on the technology. The specific concerns focus on the library as a mechanism for making computer and information technology directly available to the public. The paper also reviews a pilot project being conducted by the New Jersey Institute of Technology involving the Newark and Millburn public libraries in New Jersey.
In this paper we focus on preference and decision data gathered during a computer-supported infor... more In this paper we focus on preference and decision data gathered during a computer-supported information market game in which 35 10 students participated during seven consecutive trading sessions. The participants' individual preferences on the market shares are col-11 lected to calculate a collective preference ranking using the Borda social choice method. Comparing this preference ranking to the shares' 12 actual market ranking resulting from the participants' trading, we find a statistically significant difference between both rankings. As the 13 preferences established by market behavior cannot be adequately explained through a social choice rule, we propose an alternative expla-14 nation based on the herd behavior phenomenon where traders imitate the most successful trader in the market. Using a decision analysis 15 technique based on fuzzy relations, we study the participants' rankings of the best share in the market during 7 weeks and compare the 16 most successful trader to the other traders. The results from our analysis show that a substantial number of traders is indeed following 17 the market leader. 18
Group support systems may be `distributed' for non-simultaneous use by being embedded in a c... more Group support systems may be `distributed' for non-simultaneous use by being embedded in a computer-mediated communication system (CMCS). In this manner, large groups may use them for complex tasks over an extended period of time. Will executives use such systems, and what are their reactions? This case study of elites formulating recommendations for the White House Conference on Productivity demonstrates that executives can use such systems effectively for `real' and important decision-making tasks, given that `critical success factors' are met. Perceived information richness is strongly correlated with perceptions of productivity enhancement as a result of system use
Page 1. A NETWORK ENVIRONMENT FOR COMPUTER-SUPPORTED COOPERATIVE WORK James Whitescarver Prithvir... more Page 1. A NETWORK ENVIRONMENT FOR COMPUTER-SUPPORTED COOPERATIVE WORK James Whitescarver Prithviraj Mukherji Murray Turoff Ronald J. DeBlock Jr. Robert M. Czech Bijoy K. Paul New Jersey Institute of Technology 1. INTRODUCTION ABSTRACT ...
Proceedings of the Twenty-Seventh Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences HICSS-94, 1994
ABSTRACT Groups that are both temporally and geographically distributed have serious coordination... more ABSTRACT Groups that are both temporally and geographically distributed have serious coordination problems. The purpose of this experiment was to assess the effectiveness of a set of GDSS Tools called "List" and "Vote, " and of alternative interaction management procedures, as ...
ABSTRACT In Emergency Management and Business Continuity Planning, scenarios are a widely used to... more ABSTRACT In Emergency Management and Business Continuity Planning, scenarios are a widely used tool. Existing scenario creation systems allow distributed groups to create scenarios together but have limited collaboration support. This study developed and evaluated a solution to provide various types of collaboration support around a knowledge structure at the core of a collaborative scenario creation system called Collario. Following the Design Science paradigm, it evolved through four iterations into a working prototype. Several evaluation methods, including protocol analysis and field study, were employed to evaluate the design effects and obtain user feedback. The results of the first field trial are described in this paper. They indicate that the system is useful to support creation and discussion of emergency scenarios in virtual teams and to share knowledge and experiences among geographically distributed emergency professionals and researchers. It was also found that the system is not hard to learn and use.
In an extreme event or major disaster, very often there are both alternative actions that might b... more In an extreme event or major disaster, very often there are both alternative actions that might be considered and far more requests for actions than can be executed immediately. The relative desirability of each option for action could be a collaborative expression of a significant number of emergency managers and experts trying to manage the most desirable alternatives at any
A group of must who edited a special issue of Technological Forecasting and social change on disa... more A group of must who edited a special issue of Technological Forecasting and social change on disaster resilience. For those of you interested in emergency management the introduction to the issue will be free for six months and can be seen and downloaded (PDF) via http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040162517306224 Besides the very interesting papers described we proposed at the end how measures of actual resiliency and how much non resilience can exist for a specific disaster at a specific location and for the purpose of planning and improving resilience. Read the end of the paper and view the graph there for that material. The issue of TFSC is v 121, august, 2017, pages 1-6.
For, in reality, the knowledge of an effect is nothing else than the acquisition of more perfect ... more For, in reality, the knowledge of an effect is nothing else than the acquisition of more perfect knowledge of its cause-Spinoza ABSTRACT This paper presents the author's viewpoints and insights into what should be a major activity for ISCRAM to insure a better future for Emergency Management in general. The overall recommendation is that ISCRAM as a professional society should be very actively involved in setting a standard for an Emergency Management degree program that provides a distinctive major in EMIS (Emergency Management Information Systems). The emphasis and conclusions in this paper are based largely upon the situation in the United States.
Editors Comment: The leader by Murray Turoff, our advisory Board Member, uses a fictional format ... more Editors Comment: The leader by Murray Turoff, our advisory Board Member, uses a fictional format to focus on an issue of mounting significance for long range planners. Scenarios have been used extensively in technological forecasting as a vehicle for summarizing the results of fairly involved studies. In a sense one may look on those types of scenarios as positive ones. Much less used, but no less useful, are what one may terms as the negative scenarios. This is the process of extrapolating certain trends and situations to their extreme, but oftne logical, conclusions. While few peole would rate the probability of such scenarios actually occurring as high, their real objective is that of highlighting current problems and thereby maintaining few probabilities of occurrence.
A variety of field trials have been conducted at NJIT in the past few years to demonstrate the ut... more A variety of field trials have been conducted at NJIT in the past few years to demonstrate the utility of a Delphi-like approach to promoting asynchronous class wide collaboration. These utilized the Social Decision Support System (SDSS) originally developed as a Computer Mediated Communication (CMC) system for large group decision support. This paper provides an overview of these studies and then focuses on a recent case study in the fall of 2003 that demonstrated the ability of a computer mediated asynchronous Delphi process as a tool to scaffold collaborative idea generation and evaluation in both face to face and distance courses.
The role of Emergency Management is to respond effectively to a major emergency that cannot be ha... more The role of Emergency Management is to respond effectively to a major emergency that cannot be handled by the day to day independent services such as fire fighters, police, and medical response facilities. However, normal evolutionary processes typically make the ability to respond to disasters more difficult. This leads to long term decision and policy conflicts and incompatibilities about desirable goals, with implications for practitioners and system designers.
Are we denying the regular student in face-to-face classes the same quality of education that we ... more Are we denying the regular student in face-to-face classes the same quality of education that we are providing the distance student? Are the group communications technology and the collaborative learning methodology that it supports producing courses that are better than face-to-face classes? Is it time to stop mistreating the face-to-space student and eliminate the learning inhibitions that the face to face student faces!? In the view of the author these are the important questions and asking the right question is what leads to the best solutions.
Learning networks are groups of people who
use the Internet and Web to communicate
and collaborat... more Learning networks are groups of people who use the Internet and Web to communicate and collaborate in order to build and share knowledge [3]. The most frequent application is online college courses, but they could also occur at the grade school level (see Amy Bruckman’s article in this section), as learning communities within professional societies or other organizations, or to support public participation in issue-oriented discussions.
This book (free on my website) was stored as one file on Academia by a non-author (Thu le) and i ... more This book (free on my website) was stored as one file on Academia by a non-author (Thu le) and i cannot modify that. However, i have listed the table of contents and if you go to my website you can get any of the chapters and papers you want. http://is.njit.edu/turoff
Learning networks are groups of people who
use the Internet and Web to communicate
and collaborat... more Learning networks are groups of people who use the Internet and Web to communicate and collaborate in order to build and share knowledge [3]. The most frequent application is online college courses, but they could also occur at the grade school level (see Amy Bruckman’s article in this section), as learning communities within professional societies or other organizations, or to support public participation in issue-oriented discussions.
Online learning is a new social process
that is beginning to act as a complete substitute
for bot... more Online learning is a new social process that is beginning to act as a complete substitute for both distance learning and the traditional face-to-face class.
The heterogeneity of the participants must be preserved to assure validity of the results, i.e., ... more The heterogeneity of the participants must be preserved to assure validity of the results, i.e., avoidance of domination by quantity or by strength of personality ("bandwagon effect") Hence, for the application papers in this book tire emphasis is not on the results of a particular application but, rather, on discussion of why Delphi was used and how it was implemented. From this the reader may be able to transpose the considerations 1 We refer to "intelligence" in this context as including attitudes and feelings which are part of the process of human motivation and action. Introduction 7 exposure of misrepresentation in a Delphi summary than in a typical ,group study report. Finally, misunderstandings may arise from differences in language and logic if participants come from diverse cultural backgrounds. Since we consider these virtual issues to be somewhat irrelevant to Delphi per sc, we have made no attempt to give them special attention within this book. Other problems will be discussed in Chapter VIII.
Proceedings of the June 7-10, 1976, national computer conference and exposition on - AFIPS '76, 1976
This paper examines the potential impact of computer and information technology on the role and m... more This paper examines the potential impact of computer and information technology on the role and mission of the library. In an indirect, but no less significant sense it also considers the impact of the library on the technology. The specific concerns focus on the library as a mechanism for making computer and information technology directly available to the public. The paper also reviews a pilot project being conducted by the New Jersey Institute of Technology involving the Newark and Millburn public libraries in New Jersey.
In this paper we focus on preference and decision data gathered during a computer-supported infor... more In this paper we focus on preference and decision data gathered during a computer-supported information market game in which 35 10 students participated during seven consecutive trading sessions. The participants' individual preferences on the market shares are col-11 lected to calculate a collective preference ranking using the Borda social choice method. Comparing this preference ranking to the shares' 12 actual market ranking resulting from the participants' trading, we find a statistically significant difference between both rankings. As the 13 preferences established by market behavior cannot be adequately explained through a social choice rule, we propose an alternative expla-14 nation based on the herd behavior phenomenon where traders imitate the most successful trader in the market. Using a decision analysis 15 technique based on fuzzy relations, we study the participants' rankings of the best share in the market during 7 weeks and compare the 16 most successful trader to the other traders. The results from our analysis show that a substantial number of traders is indeed following 17 the market leader. 18
Group support systems may be `distributed' for non-simultaneous use by being embedded in a c... more Group support systems may be `distributed' for non-simultaneous use by being embedded in a computer-mediated communication system (CMCS). In this manner, large groups may use them for complex tasks over an extended period of time. Will executives use such systems, and what are their reactions? This case study of elites formulating recommendations for the White House Conference on Productivity demonstrates that executives can use such systems effectively for `real' and important decision-making tasks, given that `critical success factors' are met. Perceived information richness is strongly correlated with perceptions of productivity enhancement as a result of system use
Page 1. A NETWORK ENVIRONMENT FOR COMPUTER-SUPPORTED COOPERATIVE WORK James Whitescarver Prithvir... more Page 1. A NETWORK ENVIRONMENT FOR COMPUTER-SUPPORTED COOPERATIVE WORK James Whitescarver Prithviraj Mukherji Murray Turoff Ronald J. DeBlock Jr. Robert M. Czech Bijoy K. Paul New Jersey Institute of Technology 1. INTRODUCTION ABSTRACT ...
Proceedings of the Twenty-Seventh Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences HICSS-94, 1994
ABSTRACT Groups that are both temporally and geographically distributed have serious coordination... more ABSTRACT Groups that are both temporally and geographically distributed have serious coordination problems. The purpose of this experiment was to assess the effectiveness of a set of GDSS Tools called "List" and "Vote, " and of alternative interaction management procedures, as ...
ABSTRACT In Emergency Management and Business Continuity Planning, scenarios are a widely used to... more ABSTRACT In Emergency Management and Business Continuity Planning, scenarios are a widely used tool. Existing scenario creation systems allow distributed groups to create scenarios together but have limited collaboration support. This study developed and evaluated a solution to provide various types of collaboration support around a knowledge structure at the core of a collaborative scenario creation system called Collario. Following the Design Science paradigm, it evolved through four iterations into a working prototype. Several evaluation methods, including protocol analysis and field study, were employed to evaluate the design effects and obtain user feedback. The results of the first field trial are described in this paper. They indicate that the system is useful to support creation and discussion of emergency scenarios in virtual teams and to share knowledge and experiences among geographically distributed emergency professionals and researchers. It was also found that the system is not hard to learn and use.
In an extreme event or major disaster, very often there are both alternative actions that might b... more In an extreme event or major disaster, very often there are both alternative actions that might be considered and far more requests for actions than can be executed immediately. The relative desirability of each option for action could be a collaborative expression of a significant number of emergency managers and experts trying to manage the most desirable alternatives at any
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Papers by Murray Turoff
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040162517306224
Besides the very interesting papers described we proposed at the end how measures of actual resiliency and how much non resilience can exist for a specific disaster at a specific location and for the purpose of planning and improving resilience. Read the end of the paper and view the graph there for that material. The issue of TFSC is v 121, august, 2017, pages 1-6.
use the Internet and Web to communicate
and collaborate in order to build and share
knowledge [3]. The most frequent application is
online college courses, but they could also
occur at the grade school level (see Amy Bruckman’s
article in this section), as learning communities
within professional societies or other
organizations, or to support public participation
in issue-oriented discussions.
http://is.njit.edu/turoff
use the Internet and Web to communicate
and collaborate in order to build and share
knowledge [3]. The most frequent application is
online college courses, but they could also
occur at the grade school level (see Amy Bruckman’s
article in this section), as learning communities
within professional societies or other
organizations, or to support public participation
in issue-oriented discussions.
that is beginning to act as a complete substitute
for both distance learning and the
traditional face-to-face class.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040162517306224
Besides the very interesting papers described we proposed at the end how measures of actual resiliency and how much non resilience can exist for a specific disaster at a specific location and for the purpose of planning and improving resilience. Read the end of the paper and view the graph there for that material. The issue of TFSC is v 121, august, 2017, pages 1-6.
use the Internet and Web to communicate
and collaborate in order to build and share
knowledge [3]. The most frequent application is
online college courses, but they could also
occur at the grade school level (see Amy Bruckman’s
article in this section), as learning communities
within professional societies or other
organizations, or to support public participation
in issue-oriented discussions.
http://is.njit.edu/turoff
use the Internet and Web to communicate
and collaborate in order to build and share
knowledge [3]. The most frequent application is
online college courses, but they could also
occur at the grade school level (see Amy Bruckman’s
article in this section), as learning communities
within professional societies or other
organizations, or to support public participation
in issue-oriented discussions.
that is beginning to act as a complete substitute
for both distance learning and the
traditional face-to-face class.