Athous
| Athous | |||
|---|---|---|---|
.jpg) Hasselsmeller, Athous haemorrhoidalis
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| Nomenklatur | |||
| Athous Eschscholtz, 1829 | |||
| Populærnavn | |||
| Tannsmellere | |||
| Klassifikasjon | |||
| Rike | Dyreriket | ||
| Rekke | Leddyr | ||
| Klasse | Insekter | ||
| Orden | Biller | ||
| Familie | Smellere | ||
| Økologi | |||
| Antall arter: | ca. 330, 182 i Europa, 3 i Norge | ||
| Habitat: | terrestrisk, larvene i jorden eller død ved | ||
| Utbredelse: | Holarktisk | ||
| Inndelt i | |||
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Athous er en slekt av biller som hører til familien smellere (Elateridae).
Utseende
[rediger | rediger kilde]Små til middelsstore (5 – 20 millimeter), slanke, blanke, fint hårete, brune til svarte smellere. Hodet er kort og bredt, med små fasettøyne. Antennene er 11-leddete, vanligvis ganske lange, mer elelr mindre sagtakkede. Brystskjoldet (pronotum) er rundet firkantet, gjerne noe lengre enn bredt. Sidekantene er tydelig markerte, og bakhjørnene er litt tilbaketrukket. Dekkvingene er langsmale, omtrent så brede som brystskjoldet, som oftest med tydelige lengdestriper.
Larvene er sylindriske, glatte med en voksaktige overflate og spredte hår, gjerne rød- eller gulaktige. Hodet er noe flatt med fremoverstrakte kjever. Det bakerste leddet har vanligvis et par kraftige utvekster av varierende form. Beina er ganske korte.
Levevis
[rediger | rediger kilde]Denne slekten har larver som lever i jorda, der de gjerne eter planterøtter.
Skadedyr og nyttedyr
[rediger | rediger kilde]Noen arter i slekten er brysomme skadedyr i jord- og hagebruk fordi larvene (kjølmark) spiser røtter.
Utbredelse
[rediger | rediger kilde]Slekten har en holarktisk utbredelse, med særlig mange arter i Sør-Europa og Tyrkia.
Systematisk inndeling
[rediger | rediger kilde]Noen arter som tradisjonelt var plassert her blir nå regnet til slekten Hemicrepidius.
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Treliste
- Ordenen biller, Coleoptera
- Underordenen Polyphaga
- Overfamilien smellere, Elateroidea
- Familien smellere, Elateridae
- Underfamilien tannsmellere (Dendrometrinae) Gistel, 1856 – slanke arter
- Stammen Dendrometrini Gistel, 1856
- Understammen Athoina Candéze, 1860
- Slekten Athous Eschscholtz, 1829
- Underslekten Alcimathous Reiiter, 1905
- Athous mokrzeckii Lomnicki, 1923
- Athous sacheri Kiesenwetter, 1858
- Underslekten Athous (i snever forstand)
- Athous cingulatus L. Miller, 1881
- Athous densatus Reitter, 1905
- Hasselsmeller, Athous haemorrhoidalis (Mal:Fabricius, 1801)
- Athous ineptus Candèze, 1860
- Athous limoniiformis Candèze, 1865
- Athous nadoraz Mertlik & Dusanek, 2006
- Athous nigricornis Brisout, 1856
- Athous rubrotestaceus Desbrochers de Loges, 1871
- Athous vittatoides Reitter, 1905
- Løvsmeller, Athous vittatus (Fabricius, 1792)
- Underslekten Euplathous Reitter, 1905
- Athous canus Dufour, 1843
- Athous dejeanii (Laporte, 1840)
- Athous frigidus Mulsant & Guillebeau, 1855
- Athous iablokoffi Leseigneur, 1972
- Athous mandibularis (Dufour, 1843)
- Athous proximus Hampe, 1864
- Athous villardi Carret, 1904
- Underslekten Haplathous Reitter, 1905
- Athous abdurachmanovi Dolin in Dolin & Penev, 2004
- Athous alpestris Orlov, 1994
- Athous angulifrons Reitter, 1905
- Athous austriacus Desbrochers des Loges, 1873
- Athous barthei Leseigneur, 1958
- Athous belloi Guglielmi & Platia, 1985
- Athous brachati Zeising & Brunne, 2005
- Athous brevicornis Desbrochers des Loges, 1871
- Athous cachecticus Candèze, 1860
- Athous carpathicus Reitter, 1905
- Athous cavifrons L. Redtenbacher, 1858
- Athous circassiensis Reitter, 1905
- Athous circumductus (Ménétriés, 1832)
- Athous corcyreus Reitter, 1905
- Athous corsicus Reiche, 1861
- Athous crassicornis Candèze, 1860
- Athous csikii Platia, 2001
- Athous curtus Dolin in Dolin & Penev, 2004
- Athous daghestanicus Reitter, 1890
- Athous delmastroi Platia & Gudenzi, 1998
- Athous dilaticornis Reitter, 1905
- Athous dilutus (Illiger, 1807)
- Athous emaciatus Candèze, 1860
- Athous evae Platia & Nemeth, 2011
- Athous euxinus Buysson, 1912
- Athous filicornis (Dufour, 1851)
- Athous flavipennis Candèze, 1860
- Athous hilfi Reitter, 1912
- Athous ilniczkyi Platia & Nemeth, 2011
- Athous incognitus Platia, 1988
- Athous iristonicus Dolin, 1971
- Athous kerkyranus Reitter, 1905
- Athous kobachidzei Dolin & Chantladze, 1982
- Athous korabicus Csiki, 1940
- Athous korsosi Platia & Nemeth, 2011
- Athous laevistriatus (Dufour, 1851)
- Athous latior Orlov, 1994
- Athous lepontinus Schwarz, 1900
- Athous leprieuri Desbrochers des Loges, 1870
- Athous lgockii Dolin, 1983
- Athous longicornis Candèze, 1865
- Athous magnanii Guglielmi & Platia, 1985
- Athous marginicollis Reitter, 1890
- Athous melanoderes Mulsant & Guillebeau, 1855
- Athous mollis Reitter, 1889
- Athous monilicornis Schwarz, 1897
- Athous oromii Platia & Gudenzi, 2005
- Athous osellai Guglielmi & Platia, 1985
- Athous pacei Guglielmi & Platia, 1985
- Athous panellai Platia & Schimmel, 1991
- Athous patoni Dolin in Dolin & Penev, 2004
- Athous pfefferi Roubal, 1932
- Athous protoracicus Platia & Schimmel, 1991
- Athous putschkovi Dolin & Penev, 2004
- Athous pyrenaeus Candèze, 1865
- Athous reflexicollis Dolin & Penev, 2004
- Athous reynosae C. N. F. Brisout de Barneville, 1866
- Athous ruteri Chassain, 1985
- Athous settei Guglielmi & Platia, 1985
- Athous siteki Platia, 2006
- Athous sosybius Reitter, 1905
- Athous spalatrensis Reitter, 1894
- Busksmeller, Athous subfuscus (Müller, 1764)[1]
- Athous talamellii Platia & Gudenzi, 1998
- Athous tauricola Reitter, 1905
- Athous tauricus Candèze, 1860
- Athous transylvanicus Platia, 2001
- Athous utschderensis Reitter, 1890
- Athous tschukini Reitter, 1910
- Athous turcicus Reitter, 1905
- Athous villiger Mulsant & Guillebeau, 1855
- Athous villosulus Desbrochers des Loges, 1875
- Athous vivesi Platia & Gudenzi, 2005
- Athous zebei Bach, 1852
- Underslekten Neonomopleus Schenkling, 1927
- Athous alcantarensis De la Rosa et al., 2011
- Athous chiarae Platia, 2010
- Athous chloroticus Candèze, 1865
- Athous cobosi Platia, 2003
- Athous discors Reitter, 1904
- Athous elongatus Brisout, 1866
- Athous escorialensis Mulsant & Guillebeau, 1856
- Athous fernandensis Platia, 2010
- Athous kiesenwetteri (Schaufuss, 1862)
- Athous koschwitzi Platia, 2003
- Athous longissimus Reitter, 1904
- Athous lopezcoloni Platia & Gudenzi, 2005
- Athous martinae Platia, 2003
- Athous martinezi Reitter, 1904
- Athous masoae Platia, 2003
- Athous procerus (Illiger, 1807)
- Athous recticollis Graells, 1858
- Athous schimmeli Platia, 2003
- Athous schurmanni Platia & Serrano, 2002
- Athous sofiae Platia, 2010
- Athous suarezi Platia & Gudenzi, 2005
- Athous tenuis Brisout, 1866
- Althous toribioi Zapata de la Vega & Sanchez-Ruiz, 2005
- Underslekten Orthathous Reitter, 1905
- Athous abkhazianus Platia & Nemeth, 2011
- Athous acutangulus Fairmaire, 1866
- Athous albanicus Csiki, 1940
- Athous alticola Platia, 2006[2]
- Athous anatolicus Platia, 1989
- Athous angustulus Candéze, 1860
- Athous apfelbecki Reitter, 1905
- Athous artvinensis Platia, Yildirim & Kesdek, 2007
- Athous astrabadensis Faust, 1877
- Athous asturiensis Platia, 2006
- Athous audisioi Guglielmi & Platia, 1985
- Athous azoricus Platia & Gudenzi, 2002
- Athous balcanicus Reitter, 1905
- Athous barriesi Platia & Gudenzi, 1996
- Athous benedikti Platia, 2003
- Athous bicolor (Goeze, 1777)
- Athous binaghii Platia, 1984
- Athous bolivari Reitter, 1904
- Athous bolognai Guglielmi & Platia, 1985
- Athous brevipennis Schwarz, 1897
- Athous brisouti Sanchez-Ruiz, 1996
- Athous bulgaricus Platia, 2001
- Athous cagatayae Kabalak & Sert, 2012
- Athous campyloides Newman, 1833
- Athous cantabricus Schaufuss, 1862
- Athous carpathophilus Reitter, 1905
- Athous catalonicus Platia, 2006
- Athous cavazzutii Platia, 2003
- Athous caviformis Reitter, 1905
- Athous cavulus Reitter, 1905
- Athous cavus (Germar, 1817)
- Athous cervicolor Heyden, 1880
- Athous chamboveti Mulsant & Godart, 1868
- Athous codinai Platia, 2006
- Athous conradi Platia, 2006
- Athous croaticus Platia & Gudenzi, 2002
- Athous curtulus Desbrochers des Loges, 1873
- Athous daccordii Guglielmi & Platia, 1985
- Athous dalmatinus Platia, 2005
- Athous dasycerus Buysson, 1890
- Athous debilis Reiche, 1869
- Athous demirsoyi Platia, Kabalak & Sert, 2007
- Athous desbrochersi Platia, 2006
- Athous difficilis (Dufour, 1843)
- Athous distinctithorax Desbrochers des Loges, 1873
- Athous divaricatus Platia, 2006
- Athous dorgaliensis Buysson, 1912
- Athous durazzoi Platia, 1985
- Athous dusaneki Platia, 2003
- Athous eckerleini Platia & Gudenzi, 2000
- Athous edirnensis Platia & Gudenzi, 2000
- Athous epirus Stierlin, 1875
- Athous escolai Platia, 2006
- Athous espanoli Platia, 2006
- Athous espinamensis Platia, 2006
- Athous fodorjenoi Platia & Nemeth, 2011
- Athous fragariae Platia & Kovanci, 2005
- Athous freudei Platia, 1989
- Athous frontalis Platia & Schimmel, 1991
- Athous fuentei Platia, 2006
- Athous gagliardii Platia, 1988
- Athous galiberti Buysson, 1918
- Athous gallicus Platia & Gudenzi, 2000
- Athous ganglbaueri Schwarz, 1897
- Athous gerezianus Reitter, 1905
- Athous gianassoi Platia & Gudenzi, 1996
- Athous giustoi Platia, 2006
- Athous gobanzi Reitter, 1905
- Athous gonzalesi Platia, 2006
- Athous goriciensis Reitter, 1905
- Athous gottwaldi Lohse, 1978
- Athous gracacensis Platia, 2005
- Athous graecus Platia, 1989
- Athous guadalupensis Platia, 2006
- Athous gudenzii Guglielmi & Platia, 1985
- Athous hajeki Platia & Gudenzi, 2005
- Athous harmodius Reitter, 1905
- Athous herbigradus Mulsant & Guillebeau, 1855
- Athous hercegovinensis Platia & Nemeth, 2011
- Athous hetzeli Platia, 2004
- Athous holtzi Reitter, 1905
- Athous ibericus Platia, 2006
- Athous insularis Desbrochers des Loges, 1869
- Athous iranicus Platia, 2004
- Athous jakupiciola Platia & Nemeth, 2011
- Athous jejunus Kiesenwetter, 1858
- Athous judicariensis Schwarz, 1900
- Athous kabalaki Platia, 2010
- Athous kasovskyi Platia & Gudenzi, 2007
- Athous kaszabi Dolin, 1986
- Athous kovancii Platia, 2003
- Athous kozufensis Platia, 2010
- Athous kruegeri Reitter, 1905
- Athous lambeleti Leseigneur, 2004
- Athous lasoni Platia, 2011
- Athous lassallei Platia & Gudenzi, 1996
- Athous leonhardi Reitter, 1905
- Athous leseigneuri Platia, 2006
- Athous lomnickii Reitter, 1905
- Athous luigionii Platia, 1988
- Athous lusitanus Platia, 2006
- Athous maljenensis Platia, 2013
- Athous malkinorum Platia, 2006
- Athous malmusii Platia & Gudenzi, 2000
- Athous margheritae Guglielmi & Platia, 1985
- Athous mauroi Platia, 2010
- Athous melonii Platia, 1984
- Athous mendesi Giuseppe & Serrano, 2002
- Athous mertliki Platia & Gudenzi, 2002
- Athous meuseli Reitter, 1905
- Athous mingrelicus Reitter, 1890
- Athous monguzzii Platia & Gudenzi, 2007
- Athous nadari Buysson, 1904
- Athous naseri J. Müller, 1916
- Athous nigror Platia, 2006
- Athous novaki Penecke, 1907
- Athous obsoletus (Illiger, 1807)
- Athous olbiensis Mulsant & Guillebeau, 1856
- Athous olcesei Buysson, 1905
- Athous paflagonensis Platia & Gudenzi, 1998
- Athous paganettii Platia, 2006
- Athous pallidus Platia & Gudenzi, 2002
- Athous pedemontanus Platia, 1988
- Athous penevi Platia, 2001
- Athous perezarcasi Platia, 2006
- Athous picipennis Reitter, 1905
- Athous plagipennis Reitter, 1905
- Athous podlussanoi Platia & Nemeth, 2011
- Athous pomboi Platia & Borges, 2003
- Athous ponticus Platia & Gudenzi, 2007
- Athous propinquus Buysson, 1890
- Athous prouzai Platia, 2005
- Athous putativus Platia, 2006
- Athous reitteri Platia, 2006
- Athous ruffoi Guglielmi & Platia, 1985
- Athous sabatinellii Guglielmi & Platia, 1985
- Athous samai Guglielmi & Platia, 1985
- Athous sameki Platia, 2003
- Athous sandanskiensis Platia, 2010
- Athous senaci Buysson, 1890
- Athous serbicus Reitter, 1905
- Athous serranoi Platia, 2006
- Athous silicensis Laibner, 1975
- Athous singularis Reitter, 1905
- Athous sinuatocollis Desbrochers des Loges, 1869
- Athous slavonicus Platia & Nemeth, 2011
- Athous snizeki Platia, 2004
- Athous solitarius Platia, 2010
- Athous stoimenovae Platia, 2001
- Athous subtruncatoides Platia, 2006
- Athous subtruncatus Mulsant & Guillebeau, 1856
- Athous subvirgatus Daniel, 1904
- Athous svihlai Platia & Gudenzi, 1998
- Athous szombathyi Schenkling, 1927
- Athous tadzhikistanicus Platia, 2010
- Athous tekkirazicus Platia, 2003
- Athous telciuensis Platia, 2013
- Athous tomentosus Mulsant & Guillebeau, 1855
- Athous tribertii Guglielmi & Platia, 1985
- Athous vasconicus Platia, 2006
- Athous vavrai Platia, 2006
- Athous vicinus Desbrochers des Loges, 1873
- Athous vomeroi Platia, 1988
- Athous warchalowskii Platia & Tarnawski, 1998
- Athous wewalkai Platia, 1989
- Athous zanettii Guglielmi & Platia, 1985
- Athous zappiorum Platia, 1985
- Athous zbuzeki Platia & Gudenzi, 2007
- Athous ziegleri Zeising & Brunne, 2005
- Underslekten Pleurathous Reitter, 1905
- Athous circassicus Reitter, 1888
- Athous godarti Mulsant & Guillebeau, 1853
- Athous rosinae Reitter, 1899
- Athous uncicollis Perris, 1864
- Underslekten Roznerathous Nemeth & Platia, 2014
- Athous szalokii Nemeth & Platia, 2014
- Ikke plassert til underslekt
- Athous alnicola Gistel, 1857
- Athous dimidiatus Gistel, 1857
- Athous fausti Reitter, 1890
- Athous francoisi Fleutiaux, 1928
- Athous humeralis (Fischer von Waldheim, 1824)
- Athous kubani Schimmel, 1998
- Athous opacus Fleutiaux, 1934
- Athous parallelopipedus Brullé, 1832
- Athous roralis Gistel, 1857
- Athous rufithorax Miwa, 1930
- Athous shirozui Ôhira, 1966
- Athous strictus (Fischer von Waldheim, 1824)
- Athous temperatus Miwa, 1930
- Athous weigeli Schimmel, 1998
- Underslekten Alcimathous Reiiter, 1905
- Slekten Athous Eschscholtz, 1829
- Understammen Athoina Candéze, 1860
- Stammen Dendrometrini Gistel, 1856
- Underfamilien tannsmellere (Dendrometrinae) Gistel, 1856 – slanke arter
- Familien smellere, Elateridae
- Overfamilien smellere, Elateroidea
- Underordenen Polyphaga
Liste over ikke-europeiske, uplasserte arter
[rediger | rediger kilde]- Athous acanthus (Say, 1839)
- Athous agriotoides Fall, 1907
- Athous appalachius Van Dyke, 1932
- Athous arizonicus Van Dyke, 1932
- Athous aterrimus Fall, 1910
- Athous axillaris Horn, 1871
- Athous bedeli Fleutiaux, 1928
- Athous birmanicus Fleutiaux, 1942
- Athous brevis Fleutiaus, 1928
- Athous brightwelli (Kirby, 1837)
- Athous chapaensis Fleutiaux, 1928
- Athous coomani Fleutiaux, 1928
- Athous coquerelli Reitter, 1908
- Athous cribratus LeConte, 1876
- Athous cucullatus (Say, 1825)
- Athous demangei Fleutiaux, 1918
- Athous diplogrammus Orlov, 1994
- Athous discrepans Reitter, 1908
- Athous ebeninus Fleutiaux, 1918
- Athous equestris (LeConte, 1853)
- Athous essigi Van Dyke, 1932
- Athous excavatus (Motschulsky, 1859)
- Athous farallonicus Van Dyke, 1951
- Athous fossularis (LeConte, 1853)
- Athous fueguensis Golbach & Aranda, 1991
- Athous funestus Champion, 1896
- Athous imitans Fall, 1910
- Athous lecontei (Candèze, 1889)
- Athous limbatus LeConte, 1866
- Athous malaisei Fleutiaux, 1942
- Athous massiei Fleutiaux, 1928
- Athous minutus Fleutiaux, 1928
- Athous neacanthus Becker, 1974
- Athous nigropilis Motschulsky, 1859
- Athous nodieri Fleutiaux, 1918
- Athous olgae Iablokov-Khnzorian, 1961
- Athous opilinus Candèze, 1860
- Athous ornatipennis (LeConte, 1863)
- Athous orvus Becker, 1974
- Athous paradisus Knull, 1934
- Athous perroti Fleutiaux, 1940
- Athous phylander Tottenham, 1948
- Athous polygenus (Fall, 1910)
- Athous posticus (Melsheimer, 1844)
- Athous productus (Randall, 1838)
- Athous rufifrons (Randall, 1838)
- Athous rufipennis Van Dyke, 1932
- Athous rufotestaceous Fall, 1907
- Athous sanguinicollis Frivaldsky, 1892
- Athous scapularis (Say, 1839)
- Athous scissus LeConte, 1857
- Athous striatus Fleutiaux, 1940
- Athous vanmeeri Chassain, 2007
- Athous vitalisi Fleutiaux, 1918
- Athous vittiger LeConte, 1853
Referanser
[rediger | rediger kilde]- ^ a b «Artsdatabankens artsopplysninger». Artsdatabanken. 31. januar 2020. Besøkt 31. januar 2020.
- ^ G. Platia (2006) Contributo alla conoscenza delle specie di Athous (Orthathous) Reiter, 1905 della penisola Iberica (Coleoptera: Elateridae: Dendrometrinae: Dendrometrini) Boletín Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa n139 (2006) : 31−53. [1].
Kilder
[rediger | rediger kilde]- Silfverberg, H. 1992. Enumeratio Coleopterorum Fennoscandiae, Daniae et Baltiae (Liste over Nordens biller). Helsinki.
- Zahradník, J. og Chvála, M. 1991. Teknologisk forlags store bok om insekter. N.W. Damm. Om smellere, side 282-287.
Eksterne lenker
[rediger | rediger kilde]- Victor Hanssen (1966). Biller 23. Smældere og pragtbiller (på dansk). 74 (1 utg.). København: G. E. C. Gads forlag. s. 53–61. [Bestemmelsesnøkler]
- Bilder av mange typeeksemplarer i slekten
- (en) Athous i Encyclopedia of Life
- (en) Athous i Global Biodiversity Information Facility
- (no) Athous hos Artsdatabanken
- (sv) Athous hos Dyntaxa
- (en) Athous hos Fauna Europaea
- (en) Athous hos Fossilworks
- (en) Athous hos NCBI
- (en) Kategori:Athous – bilder, video eller lyd på Wikimedia Commons
- Athous – detaljert informasjon på Wikispecies
Autoritetsdata