Page 1. Modernization and Pasture Degradation: A Comparative Study of Two Sámi Reindeer Pasture R... more Page 1. Modernization and Pasture Degradation: A Comparative Study of Two Sámi Reindeer Pasture Regions in Norway Jan A˚ge Riseth and Arild Vatn ABSTRACT. We compare two reindeer pasture regions in Norway. Both ...
ABSTRACT This article discusses how land-use planning and management can combine the aim of local... more ABSTRACT This article discusses how land-use planning and management can combine the aim of local development with the protection of mountain areas. The basis for this double approach comprises protected areas and the land-use element of the Municipal Master Plan according to the Nature Diversity Act and the Planning and Building Act (PBA), respectively. Case studies performed in six mountain municipalities show that the planning processes in general are performed by a combination of rationalistic and communicative rationality based on consensus and with little awareness of power structures. Today's two-part system is dominated by the interests backing protection, not only in the protected areas, but also in the buffer-zones. Though the conflicts are rather few, they nevertheless often seem deep-set and rooted in national-local power relations. We argue that a more agonistic and decentralized approach where the protection-area management is transferred to the PBA will, to a larger extent, be able to combine both use and protection and to stimulate local development in mountain municipalities.
"During the last decades the Saami reindeer production system has gone trough a transition f... more "During the last decades the Saami reindeer production system has gone trough a transition from a mainly subsistence based pastoralism towards a market integrated industry. The development has been clearly different in the central North Saami reindeer districts in Finnmark compared to South Saami districts in Troendelag. The former seems to be in a rather severe ecologic, economic and social crisis due to overgrazing while the latter seem to be rather well adapted to pasture resources and get well off economically. "The paper outlines the main differences in development in the two regions and discusses a set of explanations. We are mainly focusing on the following dimensions: (1) internal factors: ecology , culture and institutions; (2) exogenous pressure: market integration, general social processes and public policy. Generally the traditional common property system seems to be to unsuited to handle the new situation . In the North we observe rising conflicts and undermin...
Abstract Climate change and particularly variations in air temperature have significant impacts o... more Abstract Climate change and particularly variations in air temperature have significant impacts on the growth rhythm of plants where these occur at the limits of their natural distribution range, especially at northern latitudes. Our study area, Fennoscandia and ...
Sámi reindeer management (SRM) has a long history in Northern Fennoscandia. The Sámi have develop... more Sámi reindeer management (SRM) has a long history in Northern Fennoscandia. The Sámi have developed a culture and a land-use pattern adapted to the reindeer's requirements through an annual cycle of pasturing, calving, rutting, and other requirements. However, this order has been distorted by effects of national border establishments between Norway-Sweden (1751), Finland-Sweden (1809) and Norway-Russia (1826), complete border closures
Page 1. Modernization and Pasture Degradation: A Comparative Study of Two Sámi Reindeer Pasture R... more Page 1. Modernization and Pasture Degradation: A Comparative Study of Two Sámi Reindeer Pasture Regions in Norway Jan A˚ge Riseth and Arild Vatn ABSTRACT. We compare two reindeer pasture regions in Norway. Both ...
ABSTRACT This article discusses how land-use planning and management can combine the aim of local... more ABSTRACT This article discusses how land-use planning and management can combine the aim of local development with the protection of mountain areas. The basis for this double approach comprises protected areas and the land-use element of the Municipal Master Plan according to the Nature Diversity Act and the Planning and Building Act (PBA), respectively. Case studies performed in six mountain municipalities show that the planning processes in general are performed by a combination of rationalistic and communicative rationality based on consensus and with little awareness of power structures. Today's two-part system is dominated by the interests backing protection, not only in the protected areas, but also in the buffer-zones. Though the conflicts are rather few, they nevertheless often seem deep-set and rooted in national-local power relations. We argue that a more agonistic and decentralized approach where the protection-area management is transferred to the PBA will, to a larger extent, be able to combine both use and protection and to stimulate local development in mountain municipalities.
"During the last decades the Saami reindeer production system has gone trough a transition f... more "During the last decades the Saami reindeer production system has gone trough a transition from a mainly subsistence based pastoralism towards a market integrated industry. The development has been clearly different in the central North Saami reindeer districts in Finnmark compared to South Saami districts in Troendelag. The former seems to be in a rather severe ecologic, economic and social crisis due to overgrazing while the latter seem to be rather well adapted to pasture resources and get well off economically. "The paper outlines the main differences in development in the two regions and discusses a set of explanations. We are mainly focusing on the following dimensions: (1) internal factors: ecology , culture and institutions; (2) exogenous pressure: market integration, general social processes and public policy. Generally the traditional common property system seems to be to unsuited to handle the new situation . In the North we observe rising conflicts and undermin...
Abstract Climate change and particularly variations in air temperature have significant impacts o... more Abstract Climate change and particularly variations in air temperature have significant impacts on the growth rhythm of plants where these occur at the limits of their natural distribution range, especially at northern latitudes. Our study area, Fennoscandia and ...
Sámi reindeer management (SRM) has a long history in Northern Fennoscandia. The Sámi have develop... more Sámi reindeer management (SRM) has a long history in Northern Fennoscandia. The Sámi have developed a culture and a land-use pattern adapted to the reindeer's requirements through an annual cycle of pasturing, calving, rutting, and other requirements. However, this order has been distorted by effects of national border establishments between Norway-Sweden (1751), Finland-Sweden (1809) and Norway-Russia (1826), complete border closures
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