Search: a046386 -id:a046386
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A253919
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Indices of products of four distinct primes (A046386) in the sequence of products of 4 primes (A014613).
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+20
1
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27, 44, 56, 63, 71, 78, 83, 99, 103, 111, 115, 130, 133, 139, 140, 145, 166, 168, 171, 176, 185, 188, 190, 199, 201, 207, 208, 213, 217, 221, 229, 233, 239, 244, 248, 266, 271, 274, 276, 278, 285, 292, 299, 306, 313, 316, 317, 320, 322, 325, 331, 337, 341, 347, 351, 353, 357, 363, 375, 381, 387, 388, 389, 393, 394, 396, 402
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OFFSET
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1,1
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COMMENTS
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Or, positions of squarefree numbers in A014613.
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LINKS
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FORMULA
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EXAMPLE
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a(10000) = 25632 because A014613(25632) = A046386(100000) = 135555 = 2*3*7*1291 10000st squarefree number in A014613.
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MATHEMATICA
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c = 0; s = {}; Do[If[4 == PrimeOmega[k], c++; If[{1, 1, 1, 1} == (#[[2]] & /@ FactorInteger[k]) , AppendTo[s, c]]], {k, 16, 3000}]; s
(* or *) c = 0; s2 = {}; Do[If[4 == PrimeOmega[k], c++; If[SquareFreeQ[k] , AppendTo[s2, c]]], {k, 16, 3000}]; s2
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PROG
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(PARI) {c = 0; for (k = 16, 3000, if (4 == bigomega (k), c++; if (issquarefree (k), print1 (c ", "))))}
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CROSSREFS
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KEYWORD
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nonn
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AUTHOR
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STATUS
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approved
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19, 33, 45, 51, 59, 61, 65, 67, 69, 77, 85, 93, 105, 109, 113, 129, 141, 165, 181, 193, 197, 201, 211, 213, 217, 221, 227, 237, 257, 261, 267, 277, 291, 301, 309, 317, 345, 347, 353, 357, 365, 393, 397, 401, 409, 417, 421, 437, 445, 461, 465, 477, 497, 521, 561, 569, 597, 613, 633, 653, 661, 677
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OFFSET
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1,1
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COMMENTS
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Numbers k such that k*(k+1)*(k+2)/6 is the product of four distinct primes.
All terms are odd.
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LINKS
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FORMULA
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EXAMPLE
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a(3) = 45 is a term because 45*46*47/6 = 16215 = 3*5*23*47 is the product of four distinct primes.
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MAPLE
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filter:= k -> ifactors(k*(k+1)*(k+2)/6)[2][.., 2] = [1, 1, 1, 1];
select(filter, [seq(i, i=1..1000, 2)]);
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MATHEMATICA
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p4dpQ[n_]:=With[{c=(n(n+1)(n+2))/6}, PrimeNu[c]==PrimeOmega[c]==4]; Select[Range[ 700], p4dpQ] (* Harvey P. Dale, May 06 2024 *)
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PROG
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(PARI) isok(k) = my(t=k*(k+1)*(k+2)/6); (omega(t)==4) && (bigomega(t)==4); \\ Michel Marcus, Apr 20 2023
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CROSSREFS
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KEYWORD
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nonn
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AUTHOR
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STATUS
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approved
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A005117
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Squarefree numbers: numbers that are not divisible by a square greater than 1.
(Formerly M0617)
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+10
1702
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1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15, 17, 19, 21, 22, 23, 26, 29, 30, 31, 33, 34, 35, 37, 38, 39, 41, 42, 43, 46, 47, 51, 53, 55, 57, 58, 59, 61, 62, 65, 66, 67, 69, 70, 71, 73, 74, 77, 78, 79, 82, 83, 85, 86, 87, 89, 91, 93, 94, 95, 97, 101, 102, 103, 105, 106, 107, 109, 110, 111, 113
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OFFSET
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1,2
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COMMENTS
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1 together with the numbers that are products of distinct primes.
Also smallest sequence with the property that a(m)*a(k) is never a square for k != m. - Ulrich Schimke (ulrschimke(AT)aol.com), Dec 12 2001
Numbers k such that there is only one Abelian group with k elements, the cyclic group of order k (the numbers such that A000688(k) = 1). - Ahmed Fares (ahmedfares(AT)my-deja.com), Apr 25 2001
a(n) is the smallest m with exactly n squarefree numbers <= m. - Amarnath Murthy, May 21 2002
k is squarefree <=> k divides prime(k)# where prime(k)# = product of first k prime numbers. - Mohammed Bouayoun (bouyao(AT)wanadoo.fr), Mar 30 2004
The LCM of any finite subset is in this sequence. - Lekraj Beedassy, Jul 11 2006
This sequence and the Beatty Pi^2/6 sequence (A059535) are "incestuous": the first 20000 terms are bounded within (-9, 14). - Ed Pegg Jr, Jul 22 2008
Let us introduce a function D(n) = sigma_0(n)/2^(alpha(1) + ... + alpha(r)), sigma_0(n) number of divisors of n (A000005), prime factorization of n = p(1)^alpha(1) * ... * p(r)^alpha(r), alpha(1) + ... + alpha(r) is sequence (A086436). Function D(n) splits the set of positive integers into subsets, according to the value of D(n). Squarefree numbers (A005117) has D(n)=1, other numbers are "deviated" from the squarefree ideal and have 0 < D(n) < 1. For D(n)=1/2 we have A048109, for D(n)=3/4 we have A067295. - Ctibor O. Zizka, Sep 21 2008
Numbers k such that sqrt(k) cannot be simplified. - Sean Loughran, Sep 04 2011
Indices m where A057918(m)=0, i.e., positive integers m for which there are no integers k in {1,2,...,m-1} such that k*m is a square. - John W. Layman, Sep 08 2011
It appears that these are numbers j such that Product_{k=1..j} (prime(k) mod j) = 0 (see Maple code). - Gary Detlefs, Dec 07 2011. - This is the same claim as Mohammed Bouayoun's Mar 30 2004 comment above. To see why it holds: Primorial numbers, A002110, a subsequence of this sequence, are never divisible by any nonsquarefree number, A013929, and on the other hand, the index of the greatest prime dividing any n is less than n. Cf. A243291. - Antti Karttunen, Jun 03 2014
Conjecture: For each n=2,3,... there are infinitely many integers b > a(n) such that Sum_{k=1..n} a(k)*b^(k-1) is prime, and the smallest such an integer b does not exceed (n+3)*(n+4). - Zhi-Wei Sun, Mar 26 2013
The probability that a random natural number belongs to the sequence is 6/Pi^2, A059956 (see Cesàro reference). - Giorgio Balzarotti, Nov 21 2013
Booker, Hiary, & Keating give a subexponential algorithm for testing membership in this sequence without factoring. - Charles R Greathouse IV, Jan 29 2014
Because in the factorizations into prime numbers these a(n) (n >= 2) have exponents which are either 0 or 1 one could call the a(n) 'numbers with a fermionic prime number decomposition'. The levels are the prime numbers prime(j), j >= 1, and the occupation numbers (exponents) e(j) are 0 or 1 (like in Pauli's exclusion principle). A 'fermionic state' is then denoted by a sequence with entries 0 or 1, where, except for the zero sequence, trailing zeros are omitted. The zero sequence stands for a(1) = 1. For example a(5) = 6 = 2^1*3^1 is denoted by the 'fermionic state' [1, 1], a(7) = 10 by [1, 0, 1]. Compare with 'fermionic partitions' counted in A000009. - Wolfdieter Lang, May 14 2014
The following is an Eratosthenes-type sieve for squarefree numbers. For integers > 1:
1) Remove even numbers, except for 2; the minimal non-removed number is 3.
2) Replace multiples of 3 removed in step 1, and remove multiples of 3 except for 3 itself; the minimal non-removed number is 5.
3) Replace multiples of 5 removed as a result of steps 1 and 2, and remove multiples of 5 except for 5 itself; the minimal non-removed number is 6.
4) Replace multiples of 6 removed as a result of steps 1, 2 and 3 and remove multiples of 6 except for 6 itself; the minimal non-removed number is 7.
5) Repeat using the last minimal non-removed number to sieve from the recovered multiples of previous steps.
Proof. We use induction. Suppose that as a result of the algorithm, we have found all squarefree numbers less than n and no other numbers. If n is squarefree, then the number of its proper divisors d > 1 is even (it is 2^k - 2, where k is the number of its prime divisors), and, by the algorithm, it remains in the sequence. Otherwise, n is removed, since the number of its squarefree divisors > 1 is odd (it is 2^k-1).
(End)
The lexicographically least sequence of integers > 1 such that each entry has an even number of proper divisors occurring in the sequence (that's the sieve restated). - Glen Whitney, Aug 30 2015
0 is nonsquarefree because it is divisible by any square. - Jon Perry, Nov 22 2014, edited by M. F. Hasler, Aug 13 2015
The Heinz numbers of partitions with distinct parts. We define the Heinz number of a partition p = [p_1, p_2, ..., p_r] as Product_{j=1..r} prime(j) (concept used by Alois P. Heinz in A215366 as an "encoding" of a partition). For example, for the partition [1, 1, 2, 4, 10] the Heinz number is 2*2*3*7*29 = 2436. The number 30 (= 2*3*5) is in the sequence because it is the Heinz number of the partition [1,2,3]. - Emeric Deutsch, May 21 2015
It is possible for 2 consecutive terms to be even; for example a(258)=422 and a(259)=426. - Thomas Ordowski, Jul 21 2015. [These form a subsequence of A077395 since their product is divisible by 4. - M. F. Hasler, Aug 13 2015]
There are never more than 3 consecutive terms. Runs of 3 terms start at 1, 5, 13, 21, 29, 33, ... (A007675). - Ivan Neretin, Nov 07 2015
Numbers k such that b^(phi(k)+1) == b (mod k) for every integer b. - Thomas Ordowski, Oct 09 2016
Boreico shows that the set of square roots of the terms of this sequence is linearly independent over the rationals. - Jason Kimberley, Nov 25 2016 (reference found by Michael Coons).
The prime zeta function P(s) "has singular points along the real axis for s=1/k where k runs through all positive integers without a square factor". See Wolfram link. - Maleval Francis, Jun 23 2018
The Schnirelmann density of the squarefree numbers is 53/88 (Rogers, 1964). - Amiram Eldar, Mar 12 2021
Numbers k such that all groups of order k have a trivial Frattini subgroup [Dummit and Foote].
Let the group G have order n. If n is squarefree and n > 1, then G is solvable, and thus by Hall's Theorem contains a subgroup H_p of index p for all p | n. Each H_p is maximal in G by order considerations, and the intersection of all the H_p's is trivial. Thus G's Frattini subgroup Phi(G), being the intersection of G's maximal subgroups, must be trivial. If n is not squarefree, the cyclic group of order n has a nontrivial Frattini subgroup. (End)
Numbers for which the squarefree divisors (A206778) and the unitary divisors (A077610) are the same; moreover they are also the set of divisors (A027750). - Bernard Schott, Nov 04 2022
Numbers n such that mu(n) != 0, where mu(n) is the Möbius function (A008683).
Solutions to the equation Sum_{d|n} mu(d)*sigma(d) = mu(n)*n, where sigma(n) is the sum of divisors function (A000203). (End)
a(n) is the smallest root of x = 1 + Sum_{k=1..n-1} floor(sqrt(x/a(k))) greater than a(n-1). - Yifan Xie, Jul 10 2024
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REFERENCES
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Jean-Marie De Koninck, Ces nombres qui nous fascinent, Entry 165, p. 53, Ellipses, Paris, 2008.
Dummit, David S., and Richard M. Foote. Abstract algebra. Vol. 1999. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1991.
Ivan M. Niven and Herbert S. Zuckerman, An Introduction to the Theory of Numbers. 2nd ed., Wiley, NY, 1966, p. 251.
Michael Pohst and Hans J. Zassenhaus, Algorithmic Algebraic Number Theory, Cambridge Univ. Press, page 432.
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).
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LINKS
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Srinivasa Ramanujan, Irregular numbers, J. Indian Math. Soc., Vol. 5 (1913), pp. 105-106.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Squarefree.
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FORMULA
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|a(n) - n*Pi^2/6| < 0.058377*sqrt(n) for n >= 268293; this result can be derived from Cohen, Dress, & El Marraki, see links. - Charles R Greathouse IV, Jan 18 2018
Sum_{n>=1} (-1)^(a(n)+1)/a(n)^2 = 9/Pi^2.
Sum_{k=1..n} 1/a(k) ~ (6/Pi^2) * log(n).
Sum_{k=1..n} (-1)^(a(k)+1)/a(k) ~ (2/Pi^2) * log(n).
(all from Scott, 2006) (End)
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MAPLE
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with(numtheory); a := [ ]; for n from 1 to 200 do if issqrfree(n) then a := [ op(a), n ]; fi; od:
t:= n-> product(ithprime(k), k=1..n): for n from 1 to 113 do if(t(n) mod n = 0) then print(n) fi od; # Gary Detlefs, Dec 07 2011
A005117 := proc(n) option remember; if n = 1 then 1; else for a from procname(n-1)+1 do if numtheory[issqrfree](a) then return a; end if; end do: end if; end proc: # R. J. Mathar, Jan 09 2013
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MATHEMATICA
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Select[Range[150], Max[Last /@ FactorInteger[ # ]] < 2 &] (* Joseph Biberstine (jrbibers(AT)indiana.edu), Dec 26 2006 *)
NextSquareFree[n_, k_: 1] := Block[{c = 0, sgn = Sign[k]}, sf = n + sgn; While[c < Abs[k], While[ ! SquareFreeQ@ sf, If[sgn < 0, sf--, sf++]]; If[ sgn < 0, sf--, sf++]; c++]; sf + If[ sgn < 0, 1, -1]]; NestList[ NextSquareFree, 1, 70] (* Robert G. Wilson v, Apr 18 2014 *)
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PROG
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(Magma) [ n : n in [1..1000] | IsSquarefree(n) ];
(PARI) bnd = 1000; L = vector(bnd); j = 1; for (i=1, bnd, if(issquarefree(i), L[j]=i; j=j+1)); L
(PARI) {a(n)= local(m, c); if(n<=1, n==1, c=1; m=1; while( c<n, m++; if(issquarefree(m), c++)); m)} /* Michael Somos, Apr 29 2005 */
(PARI) list(n)=my(v=vectorsmall(n, i, 1), u, j); forprime(p=2, sqrtint(n), forstep(i=p^2, n, p^2, v[i]=0)); u=vector(sum(i=1, n, v[i])); for(i=1, n, if(v[i], u[j++]=i)); u \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Jun 08 2012
(PARI)
S(n) = my(s); forsquarefree(k=1, sqrtint(n), s+=n\k[1]^2*moebius(k)); s;
a(n) = my(min=1, max=231, k=0, sc=0); if(n >= 144, min=floor(zeta(2)*n - 5*sqrt(n)); max=ceil(zeta(2)*n + 5*sqrt(n))); while(min <= max, k=(min+max)\2; sc=S(k); if(abs(sc-n) <= sqrtint(n), break); if(sc > n, max=k-1, if(sc < n, min=k+1, break))); while(!issquarefree(k), k-=1); while(sc != n, my(j=1); if(sc > n, j = -1); k += j; sc += j; while(!issquarefree(k), k += j)); k; \\ Daniel Suteu, Jul 07 2022
(PARI) first(n)=my(v=vector(n), i); forsquarefree(k=1, if(n<268293, (33*n+30)\20, (n*Pi^2/6+0.058377*sqrt(n))\1), if(i++>n, return(v)); v[i]=k[1]); v \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Jan 10 2023
(Haskell)
a005117 n = a005117_list !! (n-1)
a005117_list = filter ((== 1) . a008966) [1..]
(Python)
from sympy.ntheory.factor_ import core
def ok(n): return core(n, 2) == n
(Python)
from itertools import count, islice
from sympy import factorint
def A005117_gen(startvalue=1): # generator of terms >= startvalue
return filter(lambda n:all(x == 1 for x in factorint(n).values()), count(max(startvalue, 1)))
(Python)
from math import isqrt
from sympy import mobius
def f(x): return n+x-sum(mobius(k)*(x//k**2) for k in range(1, isqrt(x)+1))
m, k = n, f(n)
while m != k:
m, k = k, f(k)
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CROSSREFS
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Cf. A076259 (first differences), A173143 (partial sums), A000688, A003277, A013928, A020753, A020754, A020755, A030059, A030229, A033197, A034444, A039956, A048672, A053797, A057918, A059956, A071403, A072284, A120992, A133466, A136742, A136743, A160764, A243289, A243347, A243348, A243351, A215366, A046660, A265668, A265675.
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KEYWORD
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nonn,easy,nice,core
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AUTHOR
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STATUS
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approved
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A006881
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Squarefree semiprimes: Numbers that are the product of two distinct primes.
(Formerly M4082)
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+10
467
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6, 10, 14, 15, 21, 22, 26, 33, 34, 35, 38, 39, 46, 51, 55, 57, 58, 62, 65, 69, 74, 77, 82, 85, 86, 87, 91, 93, 94, 95, 106, 111, 115, 118, 119, 122, 123, 129, 133, 134, 141, 142, 143, 145, 146, 155, 158, 159, 161, 166, 177, 178, 183, 185, 187, 194, 201, 202, 203, 205
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OFFSET
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1,1
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COMMENTS
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Numbers k such that phi(k) + sigma(k) = 2*(k+1). - Benoit Cloitre, Mar 02 2002
Numbers k such that tau(k) = omega(k)^omega(k). - Benoit Cloitre, Sep 10 2002 [This comment is false. If k = 900 then tau(k) = omega(k)^omega(k) = 27 but 900 = (2*3*5)^2 is not the product of two distinct primes. - Peter Luschny, Jul 12 2023]
From the Goldston et al. reference's abstract: "lim inf [as n approaches infinity] [(a(n+1) - a(n))] <= 26. If an appropriate generalization of the Elliott-Halberstam Conjecture is true, then the above bound can be improved to 6." - Jonathan Vos Post, Jun 20 2005
The maximal number of consecutive integers in this sequence is 3 - there cannot be 4 consecutive integers because one of them would be divisible by 4 and therefore would not be product of distinct primes. There are several examples of 3 consecutive integers in this sequence. The first one is 33 = 3 * 11, 34 = 2 * 17, 35 = 5 * 7; (see A039833). - Matias Saucedo (solomatias(AT)yahoo.com.ar), Mar 15 2008
Are these the numbers k whose difference between the sum of proper divisors of k and the arithmetic derivative of k is equal to 1? - Omar E. Pol, Dec 19 2012
a(n) are the reduced denominators of p_2/p_1 + p_4/p_3, where p_1 != p_2, p_3 != p_4, p_1 != p_3, and the p's are primes. In other words, (p_2*p_3 + p_1*p_4) never shares a common factor with p_1*p_3. - Richard R. Forberg, Mar 04 2015
Conjecture: The sums of two elements of a(n) forms a set that includes all primes greater than or equal to 29 and all integers greater than or equal to 83 (and many below 83). - Richard R. Forberg, Mar 04 2015
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REFERENCES
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N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).
Zervos, Marie: Sur une classe de nombres composés. Actes du Congrès interbalkanique de mathématiciens 267-268 (1935)
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LINKS
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G. T. Leavens and M. Vermeulen, 3x+1 search programs, Computers and Mathematics with Applications, 24 (1992), 79-99. (Annotated scanned copy)
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Semiprime
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FORMULA
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Sum_{n >= 1} 1/a(n)^s = (1/2)*(P(s)^2 - P(2*s)), where P is Prime Zeta. - Enrique Pérez Herrero, Jun 24 2012
sopf(a(n)) = a(n) - phi(a(n)) + 1 = sigma(a(n)) - a(n) - 1. - Wesley Ivan Hurt, May 18 2013
d(a(n)) = 4. Omega(a(n)) = 2. omega(a(n)) = 2. mu(a(n)) = 1. - Wesley Ivan Hurt, Jun 28 2013
For k > 1: k is term of a <=> A363923(k) = k. (End)
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MAPLE
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N:= 1001: # to get all terms < N
Primes:= select(isprime, [2, seq(2*k+1, k=1..floor(N/2))]):
{seq(seq(p*q, q=Primes[1..ListTools:-BinaryPlace(Primes, N/p)]), p=Primes)} minus {seq(p^2, p=Primes)};
isA006881 := proc(n)
if numtheory[bigomega](n) =2 and A001221(n) = 2 then
true ;
else
false ;
end if;
end proc:
A006881 := proc(n) if n = 1 then 6; else for a from procname(n-1)+1 do if isA006881(a) then return a; end if; end do: end if;
# Alternative:
with(NumberTheory): isA006881 := n -> is(NumberOfPrimeFactors(n, 'distinct') = 2 and NumberOfPrimeFactors(n) = 2):
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MATHEMATICA
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mx = 205; Sort@ Flatten@ Table[ Prime[n]*Prime[m], {n, Log[2, mx/3]}, {m, n + 1, PrimePi[ mx/Prime[n]]}] (* Robert G. Wilson v, Dec 28 2005, modified Jul 23 2014 *)
sqFrSemiPrimeQ[n_] := Last@# & /@ FactorInteger@ n == {1, 1}; Select[Range[210], sqFrSemiPrimeQ] (* Robert G. Wilson v, Feb 07 2012 *)
With[{upto=250}, Select[Sort[Times@@@Subsets[Prime[Range[upto/2]], {2}]], #<=upto&]] (* Harvey P. Dale, Apr 30 2018 *)
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PROG
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(PARI) for(n=1, 214, if(bigomega(n)==2&&omega(n)==2, print1(n, ", ")))
(PARI) for(n=1, 214, if(bigomega(n)==2&&issquarefree(n), print1(n, ", ")))
(PARI) list(lim)=my(v=List()); forprime(p=2, sqrt(lim), forprime(q=p+1, lim\p, listput(v, p*q))); vecsort(Vec(v)) \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Jul 20 2011
(Haskell)
a006881 n = a006881_list !! (n-1)
a006881_list = filter chi [1..] where
chi n = p /= q && a010051 q == 1 where
p = a020639 n
q = n `div` p
(Sage)
R = []
for i in (6..n) :
d = prime_divisors(i)
if len(d) == 2 :
if d[0]*d[1] == i :
R.append(i)
return R
(Magma) [n: n in [1..210] | EulerPhi(n) + DivisorSigma(1, n) eq 2*(n+1)]; // Vincenzo Librandi, Sep 17 2015
(Python)
from sympy import factorint
def ok(n): f=factorint(n); return len(f) == 2 and sum(f[p] for p in f) == 2
(Python)
from math import isqrt
from sympy import primepi, primerange
def f(x): return int(n+x+(t:=primepi(s:=isqrt(x)))+(t*(t-1)>>1)-sum(primepi(x//k) for k in primerange(1, s+1)))
m, k = n, f(n)
while m != k:
m, k = k, f(k)
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CROSSREFS
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Cf. A030229, A051709, A001221 (omega(n)), A001222 (bigomega(n)), A001358 (semiprimes), A005117 (squarefree), A007304 (squarefree 3-almost primes), A213952, A039833, A016105 (subsequences), A237114 (subsequence, n != 2).
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KEYWORD
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nonn,easy,nice,changed
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AUTHOR
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EXTENSIONS
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STATUS
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approved
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A007304
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Sphenic numbers: products of 3 distinct primes.
(Formerly M5207)
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+10
189
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30, 42, 66, 70, 78, 102, 105, 110, 114, 130, 138, 154, 165, 170, 174, 182, 186, 190, 195, 222, 230, 231, 238, 246, 255, 258, 266, 273, 282, 285, 286, 290, 310, 318, 322, 345, 354, 357, 366, 370, 374, 385, 399, 402, 406, 410, 418, 426, 429, 430, 434, 435, 438
(list;
graph;
refs;
listen;
history;
text;
internal format)
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OFFSET
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1,1
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COMMENTS
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Note the distinctions between this and "n has exactly three prime factors" (A014612) or "n has exactly three distinct prime factors." (A033992). The word "sphenic" also means "shaped like a wedge" [American Heritage Dictionary] as in dentation with "sphenic molars." - Jonathan Vos Post, Sep 11 2005
Also the volume of a sphenic brick. A sphenic brick is a rectangular parallelepiped whose sides are components of a sphenic number, namely whose sides are three distinct primes. Example: The distinct prime triple (3,5,7) produces a 3x5x7 unit brick which has volume 105 cubic units. 3-D analog of 2-D A037074 Product of twin primes, per Cino Hilliard's comment. Compare with 3-D A107768 Golden 3-almost primes = Volumes of bricks (rectangular parallelepipeds) each of whose faces has golden semiprime area. - Jonathan Vos Post, Jan 08 2007
Sum(n>=1, 1/a(n)^s) = (1/6)*(P(s)^3 - P(3*s) - 3*(P(s)*P(2*s)-P(3*s))), where P is prime Zeta function. - Enrique Pérez Herrero, Jun 28 2012
n = 265550 is the smallest n with a(n) (=1279789) < A006881(n) (=1279793). - Peter Dolland, Apr 11 2020
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REFERENCES
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N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).
"Sphenic", The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition, Houghton Mifflin Company, 2000.
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LINKS
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FORMULA
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EXAMPLE
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Also Heinz numbers of strict integer partitions into three parts, where the Heinz number of a partition (y_1,...,y_k) is prime(y_1)*...*prime(y_k). These partitions are counted by A001399(n-6) = A069905(n-3), with ordered version A001399(n-6)*6. The sequence of terms together with their prime indices begins:
30: {1,2,3} 182: {1,4,6} 286: {1,5,6}
42: {1,2,4} 186: {1,2,11} 290: {1,3,10}
66: {1,2,5} 190: {1,3,8} 310: {1,3,11}
70: {1,3,4} 195: {2,3,6} 318: {1,2,16}
78: {1,2,6} 222: {1,2,12} 322: {1,4,9}
102: {1,2,7} 230: {1,3,9} 345: {2,3,9}
105: {2,3,4} 231: {2,4,5} 354: {1,2,17}
110: {1,3,5} 238: {1,4,7} 357: {2,4,7}
114: {1,2,8} 246: {1,2,13} 366: {1,2,18}
130: {1,3,6} 255: {2,3,7} 370: {1,3,12}
138: {1,2,9} 258: {1,2,14} 374: {1,5,7}
154: {1,4,5} 266: {1,4,8} 385: {3,4,5}
165: {2,3,5} 273: {2,4,6} 399: {2,4,8}
170: {1,3,7} 282: {1,2,15} 402: {1,2,19}
174: {1,2,10} 285: {2,3,8} 406: {1,4,10}
(End)
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MAPLE
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with(numtheory): a:=proc(n) if bigomega(n)=3 and nops(factorset(n))=3 then n else fi end: seq(a(n), n=1..450); # Emeric Deutsch
option remember;
local a;
if n =1 then
30;
else
for a from procname(n-1)+1 do
if bigomega(a)=3 and nops(factorset(a))=3 then
return a;
end if;
end do:
end if;
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MATHEMATICA
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Union[Flatten[Table[Prime[n]*Prime[m]*Prime[k], {k, 20}, {n, k+1, 20}, {m, n+1, 20}]]]
Take[ Sort@ Flatten@ Table[ Prime@i Prime@j Prime@k, {i, 3, 21}, {j, 2, i - 1}, {k, j - 1}], 53] (* Robert G. Wilson v *)
With[{upto=500}, Sort[Select[Times@@@Subsets[Prime[Range[Ceiling[upto/6]]], {3}], #<=upto&]]] (* Harvey P. Dale, Jan 08 2015 *)
Select[Range[100], SquareFreeQ[#]&&PrimeOmega[#]==3&] (* Gus Wiseman, Nov 05 2020 *)
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PROG
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(PARI) list(lim)=my(v=List(), t); forprime(p=2, (lim)^(1/3), forprime(q=p+1, sqrt(lim\p), t=p*q; forprime(r=q+1, lim\t, listput(v, t*r)))); vecsort(Vec(v)) \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Jul 20 2011
(Haskell)
a007304 n = a007304_list !! (n-1)
a007304_list = filter f [1..] where
f u = p < q && q < w && a010051 w == 1 where
p = a020639 u; v = div u p; q = a020639 v; w = div v q
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CROSSREFS
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Cf. A002033, A010051, A020639, A037074, A046393, A061299, A067467, A071140, A096917, A096918, A096919, A100765, A103653, A107464, A107768, A179643, A179695.
For the following, NNS means "not necessarily strict".
A008289 counts strict partitions by sum and length.
A220377 counts 3-part pairwise coprime strict partitions (NNS: A307719).
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KEYWORD
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nonn,easy
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AUTHOR
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EXTENSIONS
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Comment concerning number of divisors corrected by R. J. Mathar, Aug 14 2009
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STATUS
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approved
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A101296
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n has the a(n)-th distinct prime signature.
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+10
109
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1, 2, 2, 3, 2, 4, 2, 5, 3, 4, 2, 6, 2, 4, 4, 7, 2, 6, 2, 6, 4, 4, 2, 8, 3, 4, 5, 6, 2, 9, 2, 10, 4, 4, 4, 11, 2, 4, 4, 8, 2, 9, 2, 6, 6, 4, 2, 12, 3, 6, 4, 6, 2, 8, 4, 8, 4, 4, 2, 13, 2, 4, 6, 14, 4, 9, 2, 6, 4, 9, 2, 15, 2, 4, 6, 6, 4, 9, 2, 12, 7, 4, 2, 13, 4, 4, 4, 8, 2, 13, 4, 6, 4, 4, 4, 16, 2, 6, 6, 11, 2, 9, 2, 8, 9, 4, 2, 15, 2, 9, 4, 12, 2, 9, 4, 6, 6, 4, 4, 17
(list;
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internal format)
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OFFSET
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1,2
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COMMENTS
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Restricted growth sequence transform of A046523, the least representative of each prime signature. Thus this partitions the natural numbers to the same equivalence classes as A046523, i.e., for all i, j: a(i) = a(j) <=> A046523(i) = A046523(j), and for that reason satisfies in that respect all the same conditions as A046523. For example, we have, for all i, j: if a(i) = a(j), then:
So, this sequence (instead of A046523) can be used for finding sequences where a(n)'s value is dependent only on the prime signature of n, that is, only on the multiset of prime exponents in the factorization of n. (End)
This is also the restricted growth sequence transform of many other sequences, for example, that of A181819. See further comments there. - Antti Karttunen, Apr 30 2022
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LINKS
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FORMULA
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From David A. Corneth, May 12 2017: (Start) [Corresponding characteristic function in brackets]
a(A085987(n)) = 13 (sig.: (1,1,2)).
a(A189975(n)) = 17 (sig.: (1,1,3)).
a(A179643(n)) = 20 (sig.: (1,2,2)).
a(A046386(n)) = 22 (sig.: (1,1,1,1)).
a(A162142(n)) = 23 (sig.: (2,2,2)).
a(A179644(n)) = 24 (sig.: (1,1,4)).
a(A163569(n)) = 27 (sig.: (1,2,3)).
a(A189982(n)) = 29 (sig.: (1,1,1,2)).
a(A179667(n)) = 31 (sig.: (1,1,5)).
a(A179669(n)) = 34 (sig.: (1,2,4)).
a(A179670(n)) = 36 (sig.: (1,1,1,3)).
a(A162143(n)) = 38 (sig.: (2,2,2)).
a(A179672(n)) = 39 (sig.: (1,1,6)).
a(A179688(n)) = 41 (sig.: (1,3,3)).
a(A179690(n)) = 43 (sig.: (1,1,2,2)).
a(A179691(n)) = 45 (sig.: (1,2,5)).
a(A179693(n)) = 47 (sig.: (1,1,1,4)).
a(A179695(n)) = 49 (sig.: (2,2,3)).
a(A179696(n)) = 50 (sig.: (1,1,7)).
(End)
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EXAMPLE
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1 has prime signature (), the first distinct prime signature. Therefore, a(1) = 1.
2 has prime signature (1), the second distinct prime signature after (1). Therefore, a(2) = 2.
3 has prime signature (1), as does 2. Therefore, a(3) = a(2) = 2.
4 has prime signature (2), the third distinct prime signature after () and (1). Therefore, a(4) = 3. (End)
Construction of restricted growth sequences: In this case we start with a(1) = 1 for A046523(1) = 1, and thereafter, for all n > 1, we use the least so far unused natural number k for a(n) if A046523(n) has not been encountered before, otherwise [whenever A046523(n) = A046523(m), for some m < n], we set a(n) = a(m).
For n = 2, A046523(2) = 2, which has not been encountered before (first prime), thus we allot for a(2) the least so far unused number, which is 2, thus a(2) = 2.
For n = 3, A046523(2) = 2, which was already encountered as A046523(1), thus we set a(3) = a(2) = 2.
For n = 4, A046523(4) = 4, not encountered before (first square of prime), thus we allot for a(4) the least so far unused number, which is 3, thus a(4) = 3.
For n = 5, A046523(5) = 2, as for the first time encountered at n = 2, thus we set a(5) = a(2) = 2.
For n = 6, A046523(6) = 6, not encountered before (first semiprime pq with distinct p and q), thus we allot for a(6) the least so far unused number, which is 4, thus a(6) = 4.
For n = 8, A046523(8) = 8, not encountered before (first cube of a prime), thus we allot for a(8) the least so far unused number, which is 5, thus a(8) = 5.
For n = 9, A046523(9) = 4, as for the first time encountered at n = 4, thus a(9) = 3.
(End)
(Rough) description of an algorithm of computing the sequence:
Suppose we want to compute a(n) for n in [1..20].
We set up a vector of 20 elements, values 0, and a number m = 1, the minimum number we haven't checked and c = 0, the number of distinct prime signatures we've found so far.
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
We check the prime signature of m and see that it's (). We increase c with 1 and set all elements up to 20 with prime signature () to 1. In the process, we adjust m. This gives:
[1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]. The least number we haven't checked is m = 2. 2 has prime signature (1). We increase c with 1 and set all elements up to 20 with prime signature (1) to 2. In the process, we adjust m. This gives:
[1, 2, 2, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0]
We check the prime signature of m = 4 and see that its prime signature is (2). We increase c with 1 and set all numbers up to 20 with prime signature (2) to 3. This gives:
[1, 2, 2, 3, 2, 0, 2, 0, 3, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0]
Similarily, after m = 6, we get
[1, 2, 2, 3, 2, 4, 2, 0, 3, 4, 2, 0, 2, 4, 4, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0], after m = 8 we get:
[1, 2, 2, 3, 2, 4, 2, 5, 3, 4, 2, 0, 2, 4, 4, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0], after m = 12 we get:
[1, 2, 2, 3, 2, 4, 2, 5, 3, 4, 2, 6, 2, 4, 4, 0, 2, 6, 2, 0], after m = 16 we get:
[1, 2, 2, 3, 2, 4, 2, 5, 3, 4, 2, 6, 2, 4, 4, 7, 2, 6, 2, 0], after m = 20 we get:
[1, 2, 2, 3, 2, 4, 2, 5, 3, 4, 2, 6, 2, 4, 4, 7, 2, 6, 2, 8]. Now, m > 20 so we stop. (End)
The above method is inefficient, because the step "set all elements a(n) up to n = Nmax with prime signature s(n) = S[c] to c" requires factoring all integers up to Nmax (or at least comparing their signature, once computed, with S[c]) again and again. It is much more efficient to run only once over each m = 1..Nmax, compute its prime signature s(m), add it to an ordered list in case it did not occur earlier, together with its "rank" (= new size of the list), and assign that rank to a(m). The list of prime signatures is much shorter than [1..Nmax]. One can also use m'(m) := the smallest n with the prime signature of m (which is faster to compute than to search for the signature) as representative for s(m), and set a(m) := a(m'(m)). Then it is sufficient to have just one counter (number of prime signatures seen so far) as auxiliary variable, in addition to the sequence to be computed. - M. F. Hasler, Jul 18 2019
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MAPLE
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local a046523, a;
for a from 1 do
return a;
return -1 ;
end if;
end do:
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MATHEMATICA
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With[{nn = 120}, Function[s, Table[Position[Keys@s, k_ /; MemberQ[k, n]][[1, 1]], {n, nn}]]@ Map[#1 -> #2 & @@ # &, Transpose@ {Values@ #, Keys@ #}] &@ PositionIndex@ Table[Times @@ MapIndexed[Prime[First@ #2]^#1 &, Sort[FactorInteger[n][[All, -1]], Greater]] - Boole[n == 1], {n, nn}] ] (* Michael De Vlieger, May 12 2017, Version 10 *)
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PROG
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(PARI) find(ps, vps) = {for (k=1, #vps, if (vps[k] == ps, return(k)); ); }
lisps(nn) = {vps = []; for (n=1, nn, ps = vecsort(factor(n)[, 2]); ips = find(ps, vps); if (! ips, vps = concat(vps, ps); ips = #vps); print1(ips, ", "); ); } \\ Michel Marcus, Nov 15 2015; edited by M. F. Hasler, Jul 16 2019
(PARI)
rgs_transform(invec) = { my(occurrences = Map(), outvec = vector(length(invec)), u=1); for(i=1, length(invec), if(mapisdefined(occurrences, invec[i]), my(pp = mapget(occurrences, invec[i])); outvec[i] = outvec[pp] , mapput(occurrences, invec[i], i); outvec[i] = u; u++ )); outvec; };
write_to_bfile(start_offset, vec, bfilename) = { for(n=1, length(vec), write(bfilename, (n+start_offset)-1, " ", vec[n])); }
write_to_bfile(1, rgs_transform(vector(100000, n, A046523(n))), "b101296.txt");
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CROSSREFS
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Sequences that are unions of finite number (>= 2) of equivalence classes determined by the values that this sequence obtains (i.e., sequences mentioned in David A. Corneth's May 12 2017 formula): A001358 (A001248 U A006881, values 3 & 4), A007422 (values 1, 4, 5), A007964 (2, 3, 4, 5), A014612 (5, 6, 9), A030513 (4, 5), A037143 (1, 2, 3, 4), A037144 (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9), A080258 (6, 7), A084116 (2, 4, 5), A167171 (2, 4), A217856 (6, 9).
Cf. also A077462, A305897 (stricter variants, with finer partitioning) and A254524, A286603, A286605, A286610, A286619, A286621, A286622, A286626, A286378 for other similarly constructed sequences.
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KEYWORD
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easy,nonn
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AUTHOR
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EXTENSIONS
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|
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STATUS
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approved
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A007774
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Numbers that are divisible by exactly 2 different primes; numbers n with omega(n) = A001221(n) = 2.
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+10
65
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6, 10, 12, 14, 15, 18, 20, 21, 22, 24, 26, 28, 33, 34, 35, 36, 38, 39, 40, 44, 45, 46, 48, 50, 51, 52, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 62, 63, 65, 68, 69, 72, 74, 75, 76, 77, 80, 82, 85, 86, 87, 88, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 98, 99, 100, 104, 106, 108, 111, 112, 115, 116, 117, 118
(list;
graph;
refs;
listen;
history;
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OFFSET
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1,1
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COMMENTS
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Every group of order p^a * q^b is solvable (Burnside, 1904). - Franz Vrabec, Sep 14 2008
Characteristic function for a(n): floor(omega(n)/2) * floor(2/omega(n)) where omega(n) is the number of distinct prime factors of n. - Wesley Ivan Hurt, Jan 10 2013
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LINKS
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EXAMPLE
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20 is a term because 20 = 2^2*5 with two distinct prime divisors 2, 5.
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MAPLE
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with(numtheory, factorset):f := proc(n) if nops(factorset(n))=2 then RETURN(n) fi; end;
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MATHEMATICA
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PROG
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(Haskell)
a007774 n = a007774_list !! (n-1)
a007774_list = filter ((== 2) . a001221) [1..]
(Python)
from sympy import primefactors
A007774_list = [n for n in range(1, 10**5) if len(primefactors(n)) == 2] # Chai Wah Wu, Aug 23 2021
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CROSSREFS
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Cf. A001358 (products of two primes), A014612 (products of three primes), A014613 (products of four primes), A014614 (products of five primes), where the primes are not necessarily distinct.
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KEYWORD
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nonn
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AUTHOR
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Luke Pebody (ltp1000(AT)hermes.cam.ac.uk)
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EXTENSIONS
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STATUS
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approved
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A085986
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Squares of the squarefree semiprimes (p^2*q^2).
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+10
45
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36, 100, 196, 225, 441, 484, 676, 1089, 1156, 1225, 1444, 1521, 2116, 2601, 3025, 3249, 3364, 3844, 4225, 4761, 5476, 5929, 6724, 7225, 7396, 7569, 8281, 8649, 8836, 9025, 11236, 12321, 13225, 13924, 14161, 14884, 15129, 16641, 17689, 17956, 19881
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OFFSET
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1,1
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COMMENTS
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This sequence is a member of a family of sequences directly related to A025487. First terms and known sequences are listed below: 1, A000007; 2, A000040; 4, A001248; 6, A006881; 8, A030078; 12, A054753; 16, A030514; 24, A065036; 30, A007304; 32, A050997; 36, this sequence; 48, ?; 60, ?; 64, ?; ....
a(4)-a(3)=29 and a(3)+a(4)=421 are both prime. There are no other cases where the sum and difference of two members of this sequence are both prime. - Robert Israel and J. M. Bergot, Oct 25 2019
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LINKS
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FORMULA
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Sum_{n>=1} 1/a(n) = (P(2)^2 - P(4))/2 = (A085548^2 - A085964)/2 = 0.063767..., where P is the prime zeta function. - Amiram Eldar, Jul 06 2020
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EXAMPLE
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A006881 begins 6 10 14 15 ... so this sequence begins 36 100 196 225 ...
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MATHEMATICA
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Select[Range[200], PrimeOmega[#]==2&&SquareFreeQ[#]&]^2 (* Harvey P. Dale, Mar 07 2013 *)
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PROG
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(PARI) list(lim)=my(v=List(), x=sqrtint(lim\=1), t); forprime(p=2, x\2, t=p; forprime(q=2, min(x\t, p-1), listput(v, (t*q)^2))); Set(v) \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Sep 22 2015
(Magma) [k^2:k in [1..150]| IsSquarefree(k) and #PrimeDivisors(k) eq 2]; // Marius A. Burtea, Oct 24 2019
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CROSSREFS
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KEYWORD
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easy,nonn
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AUTHOR
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STATUS
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approved
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A046387
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Products of exactly 5 distinct primes.
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+10
33
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2310, 2730, 3570, 3990, 4290, 4830, 5610, 6006, 6090, 6270, 6510, 6630, 7410, 7590, 7770, 7854, 8610, 8778, 8970, 9030, 9282, 9570, 9690, 9870, 10010, 10230, 10374, 10626, 11130, 11310, 11730, 12090, 12210, 12390, 12558, 12810, 13090, 13110
(list;
graph;
refs;
listen;
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internal format)
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OFFSET
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1,1
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COMMENTS
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LINKS
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EXAMPLE
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a(1) = 2310 = 2 * 3 * 5 * 7 * 11 = A002110(5) = 5#.
a(2) = 2730 = 2 * 3 * 5 * 7 * 13.
a(3) = 3570 = 2 * 3 * 5 * 7 * 17.
a(10) = 6006 = 2 * 3 * 7 * 11 * 13.
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MAPLE
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option remember;
local a;
if n = 1 then
2*3*5*7*11 ;
else
for a from procname(n-1)+1 do
if A001221(a)= 5 and issqrfree(a) then
return a;
end if;
end do:
end if;
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MATHEMATICA
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PROG
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(PARI) is(n)= omega(n)==5 && bigomega(n)==5 \\ Hugo Pfoertner, Dec 18 2018
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CROSSREFS
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Cf. A000040, A000961, A001221, A005117, A000977, A002110, A006881, A007304, A007774, A033992, A033993, A046386.
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KEYWORD
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easy,nonn
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AUTHOR
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EXTENSIONS
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STATUS
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approved
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A085987
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Product of exactly four primes, three of which are distinct (p^2*q*r).
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+10
33
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60, 84, 90, 126, 132, 140, 150, 156, 198, 204, 220, 228, 234, 260, 276, 294, 306, 308, 315, 340, 342, 348, 350, 364, 372, 380, 414, 444, 460, 476, 490, 492, 495, 516, 522, 525, 532, 550, 558, 564, 572, 580, 585, 620, 636, 644, 650, 666, 693, 708, 726
(list;
graph;
refs;
listen;
history;
text;
internal format)
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OFFSET
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1,1
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COMMENTS
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LINKS
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EXAMPLE
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a(1) = 60 since 60 = 2*2*3*5 and has three distinct prime factors.
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MATHEMATICA
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pefp[{a_, b_, c_}]:={a^2 b c, a b^2 c, a b c^2}; Module[{upto=800}, Select[ Flatten[ pefp/@Subsets[Prime[Range[PrimePi[upto/6]]], {3}]]//Union, #<= upto&]] (* Harvey P. Dale, Oct 02 2018 *)
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PROG
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(PARI) list(lim)=my(v=List(), t, x, y, z); forprime(p=2, lim^(1/4), t=lim\p^2; forprime(q=p+1, sqrtint(t), forprime(r=q+1, t\q, x=p^2*q*r; y=p*q^2*r; listput(v, x); if(y<=lim, listput(v, y); z=p*q*r^2; if(z<=lim, listput(v, z)))))); vecsort(Vec(v)) \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Jul 15 2011
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CROSSREFS
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KEYWORD
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nonn
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AUTHOR
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EXTENSIONS
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STATUS
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approved
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