Elangovan Namasivayam
Periyar University, Salem, India, Biotechnology, Faculty Member
- Parkinson, Cancer and Toxicologyedit
Background and Objective: This investigation explores the neuroprotective effect of PIASA, a newly designed peptide, VCSVY, in in-silico and in opposition to rotenone stimulated oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis... more
Background and Objective: This investigation explores the neuroprotective effect of PIASA, a newly designed peptide, VCSVY, in in-silico and in opposition to rotenone stimulated oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis in an SH-SY5Y cellular model. Methods: Docking and visualization of the PIASA and rotenone were progressed against mitochondrial respiratory complex I (MCI). The in-silico analysis showed PIASA to have interaction with the binding sites of rotenone, which may reduce the rotenone interaction and its toxicity too. The SH-SY5Y cells were segregated into four experimental groups: Group I: untreated control cells; Group II: rotenone-only (100 nM) treated cells; Group III: PIASA (5 μM) + rotenone (100 nM) treated cells; and Group IV: PIASA-only (5 μM) treated cells. Results: We evaluated the cell viability, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), reactive oxygen species (ROS), apoptosis (dual staining technique), nuclear morphological changes (Hoechst stai...
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Cadmium (Cd) is one of the precedence pollutants in the environment which menaces the aquatic organisms. Cd is also shown to have deleterious health impairments causing male and female infertility in humans. In this study, we investigated... more
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the precedence pollutants in the environment which menaces the aquatic organisms. Cd is also shown to have deleterious health impairments causing male and female infertility in humans. In this study, we investigated the role of 7, 8- DHC as a potent rescuer of Cd induced toxicity using zebrafish (Daniorerio) model. The anti-oxidant property of 7,8-DHC was analysed and confirmed using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric ion reducing power (FRAP) and hydroxyl radical (OH) assays. Further, we induced Cd toxicity in zebrafish embryos at 100-μM concentration and the intoxicated embryos showed a significantly reduced survival, delayed hatching and phenotypic aberrations at 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours post fertilization (hpf). Similarly, Cd intoxicated embryos showed an expressively increased cardiac function (170 ±1 beats/min and 172± 1 beats/min) at 48 and 60 hpf. Furthermore, the rescuing effect of 7,8-DHC was analysed via treatment of Cd intoxicated embryos ...
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compounds with two aromatic rings connected by a keto-vinyl chain, constitute an important class of naturally occurring flavonoids exhibiting a wide spectrum of biological activities 1. Chalcones occur
Molecular Biotechnology is now central to those various research fields grouped together under the heading molecular sciences. The primary objective of this work is to study the expression level of TESF-1. Spermatogenesis is a unique... more
Molecular Biotechnology is now central to those various research fields grouped together under the heading molecular sciences. The primary objective of this work is to study the expression level of TESF-1. Spermatogenesis is a unique process of cellular differentiation. Transcription in germ cell is a regulated programme. The genes TSPY, TSSK-3 and CREM are acts as a transcription factor. TESF-1 is involved in spermatogenesis process. TESF-1 could be a germ cell specific gene. It contains a conserved leucine-zipper motif in a proposed DNA- binding domain. It may function as a nuclear transcription factor in spermatogenesis. the main function of this protein is not yet identified.In this study we proved that TESF-1 is expressed in Musmusculus. We hope that his work would find the patronage of researchers.Time alone will tell how sucessfull we have been.
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Evaluation of local indigenous medicinal rice (Oryza sativa Linn.) varieties using molecular and metabolic profiling plays dynamic role for unravelling the genetic variability and restorative bio actives. In the present study, 18 screened... more
Evaluation of local indigenous medicinal rice (Oryza sativa Linn.) varieties using molecular and metabolic profiling plays dynamic role for unravelling the genetic variability and restorative bio actives. In the present study, 18 screened random decamer (RAPD) markers were used to analyze genetic diversity and relationship among 25 indigenous landraces and 1 commercial rice varieties (White ponni), and GC-MS profiling of phylogenetic clusters positioned 4 random indigenous rice varieties and 1 White ponni rice were documented for exploring bioactive metabolites. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis of twenty-six rice varieties of Tamil Nadu divulges significant genetic differentiation. The primers produced total of 92 bands with size ranges from 100-8500bp out of 74 were polymorphic bands indicating 80% polymorphism. The mean values of RAPD for polymorphism information content (PIC) of 0.268, effective multiple ratio (EMR) of 23.38, marker index (MI) of 7.39 and the reso...
In order to establish phage therapy as a standard clinical treatment for bacterial infections, testing of every phage to ensure the suitability and safety of the biological compound is required. While some issues have been addressed over... more
In order to establish phage therapy as a standard clinical treatment for bacterial infections, testing of every phage to ensure the suitability and safety of the biological compound is required. While some issues have been addressed over recent years, standard and easy-to-use animal models to test phages are still rare. Testing of phages in highly suitable mammalian models such as mice is subjected to strict ethical regulations, while insect larvae such as the Galleria mellonella model suffers from batch-to-batch variations and requires manual operator skills to inject bacteria, resulting in unreliable experimental outcomes. A much simpler model is the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans which feeds on bacteria, a fast growing and easy to handle organism which can be used in high-throughput screening. In this study, two clinical bacterial strains of Escherichia coli, one Klebsiella pneumoniae and one Enterobacter cloacae strain were tested on the model system together with lytic bacteri...
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Microbial burden upon health of mankind is rapidly making the available therapeutics in practice ineffective. Our ultimate goal is to develop antimicrobials with potent broad spectrum activity. Staphylococcus aureus is a gram positive... more
Microbial burden upon health of mankind is rapidly making the available therapeutics in practice ineffective. Our ultimate goal is to develop antimicrobials with potent broad spectrum activity. Staphylococcus aureus is a gram positive bacteria designated as superbug, challenging the scientific world for development of new therapeutics against multidrug resistance. Methicillin resistant and vancomycin susceptible forms of Staphylococcus aureus are emerging causes of many life threatening diseases like toxic shock syndrome etc., we have conducted an in silico comparative study of various metabolic pathways of human as well Staphylococcus aureus using database of Essential genes (DEG). Out of the identified targets we considered Penicillin binding protein (PBP2A) as potential drug target. According to the literature for effective antimicrobials we prepared libraries of various Chalcones, oxazolidinones and D-alanyl D-alanine like compounds etc., and docked against structure of PBP2A re...
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The xanthene class of Erythrosine B (ErB) is a well-recognized color additive that has been used in drugs, foods and cosmetics. ErB is described as inhibitors of protein–protein interaction and is toxic to reproductive and developmental... more
The xanthene class of Erythrosine B (ErB) is a well-recognized color additive that has been used in drugs, foods and cosmetics. ErB is described as inhibitors of protein–protein interaction and is toxic to reproductive and developmental processes. However, the available toxicological information was inconclusive to access the potential risk of ErB to aquatic and other living organisms. Hence, in this study, we investigated the toxicological impacts of ErB by utilizing zebrafish embryos as model organisms. The developmental deformities including survival, hatching, heart rate, malformation and histological changes were evaluated at specific time intervals (12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84 and 96 hpf), and the oxidative stress markers [catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)] were also measured to ascertain the relationship between ErB and reactive oxygen species (ROS). The results depict that ErB was found to exert a concentration-dependent (1, 10, 50, 100, 1000 g mL-1) toxicity to zebrafish embryos by reducing the survival (45.3 ± 11.7%), hatching (45 ± 11.12%) and heart rate (49.4 ± 5.2% at 60 hpf) along with significantly induced malformation at 96 hpf. Moreover, the activities of antioxidant enzyme levels (CAT, SOD, GST and GPx) were significantly (P \ 0.05) reduced in ErB at 1000 lg mL-1 exposed embryos which clearly stating the generation of ROS by ErB. Similarly, morphology and histological patterns further validate that ErB was found to induce severe abnormalities to zebrafish embryos and/or larvae in a dose-dependent manner. Hence, our preliminary findings show the evidence on the toxicological impacts of food additive ErB against developmental stages of zebrafish embryos through its ROS-mediated pro-oxidant effects. 123 Iran J Sci Technol Trans Sci https://doi.org/10.1007/s40995-018-0612-y(0123456789().,-volV) (0123456789().,-volV)
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Titanium dioxide nanoparticles are emerging as a biocompatible nanomaterial with multipurpose bioactivities. In this study, titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles were effectively synthesized using the aqueous leaf extracts of Parthenium... more
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles are emerging as a biocompatible nanomaterial with multipurpose bioactivities. In this study, titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles were effectively synthesized using the aqueous leaf extracts of Parthenium hysterophorus prepared by microwave irradiation. TiO2 nanoparticles were fabricated by treating the P. hysterophorus leaf extracts with the TiO4 solution. Biologically active compounds such as alcohols, phenols, alkanes, and fluoroalkanes were involved in bioreduction of TiO4 into TiO2. The formation of green-engineered TiO2 nanoparticles was confirmed by UV-vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy and further characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies. UV-vis spectroscopy analysis showed maximum absorbance at 420 nm due to surface plasmon resonance of synthesized TiO2 NPs. FTIR spectrum of the engineered TiO2 NPs showed ...
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Parkinson disease is the second most increasing neurodegenerative disorder. Benchmark studies proved that presence of Lewy body formation with dense Alpha-Synuclein population and its self-aggregation is responsible for its toxic effect... more
Parkinson disease is the second most increasing neurodegenerative disorder. Benchmark studies proved that presence of Lewy body formation with dense Alpha-Synuclein population and its self-aggregation is responsible for its toxic effect on dopaminergic neuronal cells. This Insilico study investigates the inhibitory effects of Resveratro l, Resorcinol, Epigallocatechin, Trolox and Rosmarinic acid against alpha-synuclein self-aggregation and the study showed positive inhibitory results against alpha-synuclein.
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Proteomics is a relatively new approach for understanding the pathology and pathogenesis of various diseases. It has also been used for characterizing the modifications in protein expression during the development of diseases. Proteomics... more
Proteomics is a relatively new approach for understanding the pathology and pathogenesis of various diseases. It has also been used for characterizing the modifications in protein expression during the development of diseases. Proteomics is defined as a scientific approach used to elucidate all protein species within a cell or tissue, and many researchers are taking advantage of proteomic technology to elucidate protein changes between healthy and diseased states. Animal model plays an important role in the proteomics technology to find out biomarkers, for diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of various diseases. There are several animal models used in proteomic studies they are Caenorhabditis elegans (worm), Drosophila melanogaster (fly), Mus musculus (mouse) and Canine. This review shows several applications of animal models in proteomics.
Chenopodium album, is a commonly used plant in Indian traditional medicine belongs to family Chenopodiaceae. In our study, anti-ulcer activity of its ethanolic extracts of whole plant were investigated using Wistar rats as animal models.... more
Chenopodium album, is a commonly used plant in Indian traditional medicine belongs to family Chenopodiaceae. In our study, anti-ulcer activity of its ethanolic extracts of whole plant were investigated using Wistar rats as animal models. Extracts were also subjected to phytochemical analysis and found to contain Carbohydrates, Proteins, Flavonoids, Tannins and phenolic compounds. Chenopodium album alcoholic extracts were found to be non-toxic up to 1500 mg/kg dose level. During confirmation of the claimed anti-ulcer activity, treatment with two different alcoholic extracts in 200mg and 400 mg/kg showed significant reduction in ulcer index, free acidity as well as total acidity in pylorus ligated rats. However, profound reduction in all these indices was observed with both of the doses. But higher dose of extract showed relatively significant protection. INTRODUCTION Peptic ulcer is an open crater or sore that develop in the inner lining (mucosa) of the stomach or the duodenum. A coa...
Mollugo pentaphylla L a small genus of herbs distributed throughout the warmer regions plant was extract with Benzene, Chloroform, Acetone, and Methanol by Soxhlet apparatus. The alcoholic extract of M. pentaphylla Linn was found to have... more
Mollugo pentaphylla L a small genus of herbs distributed throughout the warmer regions plant was extract with Benzene, Chloroform, Acetone, and Methanol by Soxhlet apparatus. The alcoholic extract of M. pentaphylla Linn was found to have wider antibacterial activity when compared to standard drug. For antifungal activity, the test sample showed moderate activity against A. niger and C.albicans the anti inflammatory activity of the plant alcoholic extract (200mg / kg) of M.pentaphylla exhibited comparable activity against standard drug indomethacin (100mg/kg). P< 0.001 Vs Control by students't' test, the liver toxicity induced by CCl4 as evidenced from the significant reduction in elevated serum enzyme levels. The study drug was effective at the dose by 200 mg/kg 6 P<0.01. preliminary phytochemical screening as shown the presence of glycosides, flavonoids and saponins.The methonlic extract showed wider antibacterial activity M. pentaphylla L. showed significant anti-inf...
Butanol tolerance is a complex mechanism affecting the ability of microorganisms to generate economically viable quantities of butanol. The objective of this study was to isolate and characterize butanol tolerant bacterial strains which... more
Butanol tolerance is a complex mechanism affecting the ability of microorganisms to generate economically viable quantities of butanol. The objective of this study was to isolate and characterize butanol tolerant bacterial strains which can act as potential alternative hosts for butanol production. The potential bacterial isolates were screened, based on the non toxic effect on cell growth rate and degradation ability of sago waste which was used as a sole carbon source with butanol enrichment. During this study, it was found that a growth barrier existed between 1 to 5 % butanol concentrations and only few selected isolates could tolerate upto 5 % butanol after long term adaptation. Screening of five isolates proved to be more tolerant, which were identified as Bacillus megaterium, B. aryabhattai, B. tequilensis, and B. circulans using 16S rDNA sequence. These isolates were markedly attractive to identify butanol tolerance specific stress response genes and further engineered to ac...
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bstract:-Carbon nanotubes are promising to revolutionise several fields in material science and are a major component of nanotechnology. The most eye-catching features of these carbon nanotubes are their electronic, mechanical, optical... more
bstract:-Carbon nanotubes are promising to revolutionise several fields in material science and are a major component of nanotechnology. The most eye-catching features of these carbon nanotubes are their electronic, mechanical, optical and chemical properties, which open a way to future applications. These properties can even be measured on single nanotubes. For commercial application, large quantities of purified nanotubes are needed. Different types of carbon nanotubes can be produced in various ways. The most common techniques used nowadays are arc discharge, laser ablation and chemical vapour deposition synthesis. Purification of the carbon nanotubes can be divided into a couple of main techniques are oxidation, acid treatment, sonication, filtering and fictionalization techniques. Economically feasible large-scale production and purification techniques still have to be developed. Carbon nanotubes have a wide range of unexplored potential applications in various technological ar...
Parkinson disease (PD) is the second most common progressive neurodegenerative disorder due to loss neurons in SubstantiaNigra pars compacta. A number of medical and surgical treatments are currently available but the beneficial effects... more
Parkinson disease (PD) is the second most common progressive neurodegenerative disorder due to loss neurons in SubstantiaNigra pars compacta. A number of medical and surgical treatments are currently available but the beneficial effects wear off with long term use and many native therapies have severe side effects. Hence novel therapeutic strategies continue to be in the developmental demand. Nanomedicine is an important medical application in Nanotechnology which shows promising future in drug delivery system in Parkinson disease. This review gives a glimpse about current treatment for PD and discuss about the Nano-particle based drug delivery which evades Blood-Brain Barrier. BBB stands as a gateway for drug targeting in the central nervous system. Various potential nanoparticles and nanosystems based therapies are explored and benefits are heaved out. Further with a set of well regulated guidelines, it would allow nanotechnology to be used within medicine safely and people could ...
Microbial burden upon health of mankind is rapidly making the available therapeutics in practice ineffective. Our ultimate goal is to develop antimicrobials with potent broad spectrum activity. Staphylococcus aureus is a gram positive... more
Microbial burden upon health of mankind is rapidly making the available therapeutics in practice ineffective. Our ultimate goal is to develop antimicrobials with potent broad spectrum activity. Staphylococcus aureus is a gram positive bacteria designated as superbug, challenging the scientific world for development of new therapeutics against multidrug resistance. Methicillin resistant and vancomycin susceptible forms of Staphylococcus aureus are emerging causes of many life threatening diseases like toxic shock syndrome etc., we have conducted an in silico comparative study of various metabolic pathways of human as well Staphylococcus aureus using database of Essential genes (DEG). Out of the identified targets we considered Penicillin binding protein (PBP2A) as potential drug target. According to the literature for effective antimicrobials we prepared libraries of various Chalcones, oxazolidinones and D-alanyl D-alanine like compounds etc., and docked against structure of PBP2A re...
Background: Sibutramine is an orally administered serotonin – nor epinephrine re-uptake inhibitor for the treatment of obesity. Weight loss with sibutramine treatment may be attributable to enhance satiety and decrease hunger and food... more
Background: Sibutramine is an orally administered serotonin – nor epinephrine re-uptake inhibitor for the treatment of obesity. Weight loss with sibutramine treatment may be attributable to enhance satiety and decrease hunger and food consumption. Aim: In this study, Sibutramine was selected to evaluate its safety and efficacy at 5mg and 10mg dose levels in obese patients. Methods: 50 patients were enrolled in this study and randomized equally into two arms. In Arm A, 25 patients were treated with Sibutramine at a dose level of 5 mg per day orally and in Arm B, 25 patients were treated with Sibutramine at a dose level of 10 mg per day orally daily for a period of 90 days. The parameters such as Body weight, Height, Body Mass Index (BMI), Vital signs, Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) and Lipid Profile were observed during the screening visits done on 30, 60 and 90 days of the trial. Results: The data of 50 patients was analyzed statistically. A weight reduction of 3.63 kg from baseline w...
A simple, rapid, sensitive and highly precise High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Method has been developed for the estimation of Paracetamol, Aceclofenac and Chlorzoxazone in tablets. HPTLC was performed on CAMAG LINOMAT IV, TLC... more
A simple, rapid, sensitive and highly precise High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Method has been developed for the estimation of Paracetamol, Aceclofenac and Chlorzoxazone in tablets. HPTLC was performed on CAMAG LINOMAT IV, TLC Scanner Version 3.20, using toluene, ethyl acetate and glacial acetic acid (17.5:10:0.5 v/v) as mobile phase. The Chromatogram was developed in CAMAG twin trough glass containing mobile phase. The TLC plates were scanned at 271 nm in schimadzu dual wavelength scanner, and R f v a l u e o f Paracetamol, Aceclofenac and Chlorzoxazone was found to be 0.12, 0.29 and 0.72 respectively. The linearity of Paracetamol, Aceclofenac and Chlorzoxazone shows a correlation coefficient of 0.9995, 0.9991, and 0.9997 respectively. The proposed method was validated by determining sensitivity, accuracy, precision and system suitability parameters.
Spermatogenesis begins at puberty under the sophisticated control of endocrine hormones and paracrine factor. Besides this extrinsic control, spermatogenic cells also manage a number of intrinsic, unique regulatory programs executed by... more
Spermatogenesis begins at puberty under the sophisticated control of endocrine hormones and paracrine factor. Besides this extrinsic control, spermatogenic cells also manage a number of intrinsic, unique regulatory programs executed by many germ-cell specific molecules. A novel germ cell-specific factor termed TESF-1(Gen Bank Accession No: AY552600) was already identified in mouse testis. In adult mouse testis total RNA was isolated using Trizol. RT-PCR, using M-MuLV reverse transcriptase enzyme and oligio(dt), synthesized the whole cDNA, followed by using manually designed primer for TESF-1 gene. RT-PCR results in a 1000bp fragment of TESF-1 gene, which was amplified. The desire fragment was cloned into pTZ57R/T vector and transformed in E.coli strain. Transformation results more white colonies. These results indicate that TESF-1 was exclusively expressed in adult testis at 77th postnatal day.
Testis specific protein kinases are important because of their potential role in spermiogenesis, sperm maturation and sperm function. To continue our studies on the testis specific serine/threonine kinase (TSSK) family, we isolated a PCR... more
Testis specific protein kinases are important because of their potential role in spermiogenesis, sperm maturation and sperm function. To continue our studies on the testis specific serine/threonine kinase (TSSK) family, we isolated a PCR fragment encoding a member of testis specific serine/threonine kinase3 (TSSK3) from Mus musculus testis RNA using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with oligonucleotides. The sequence length of the target gene was identified as 804 bp encoding a protein of 268 amino acids.
Taxifolin (TAX) is a natural source of bioflavonoid found in various conifers. In this study, initially we investigated the antioxidant potential of TAX under in vitro assays such as 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azino-bis... more
Taxifolin (TAX) is a natural source of bioflavonoid found in various conifers. In this study, initially we investigated the antioxidant potential of TAX under in vitro assays such as 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), ferric-ion reducing power (FRAP) and hydroxyl radical (OH). The activities of DPPH, ABTS, FRAP and OH radical levels were significantly inhibited by TAX with an IC50 values of 16.48, 66.34, 18.17 and 11.42μg/ml, respectively. Secondly, TAX exhibited a strong protection against OH mediated DNA damage on pUC19 plasmid DNA at 1.0μg/ml. Finally, we evaluated the protective mechanism of TAX against cadmium intoxicated zebrafish embryos (Danio rerio). We found that embryos exposed to 100μM Cd exhibited significantly reduced survival, delayed hatching and phenotypic abnormalities at 24, 48, 72 and 96hours post fertilization (hpf). Similarly, Cd intoxicated embryos showed significantly increased cardiac function (131beats/min) at 60hpf. Conversely, treatment with TAX (0.1, 1.0 and 10μM) significantly enhanced the antioxidant enzyme levels (SOD, CAT, GPx and GR) by reducing the lipid peroxidation (MDA) in zebrafish embryos. Collectively, our results concluded that TAX could act as a potent redox scavenger against oxidative DNA damage and also functions as a crucial suppressor of Cd toxicity in zebrafish embryos.
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ABSTRACT Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common cancers and a lethal disease. In view of the limited treatment and a grave prognosis of liver cancer, preventive control has been emphasized. The methanolic extract of roots of... more
ABSTRACT Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common cancers and a lethal disease. In view of the limited treatment and a grave prognosis of liver cancer, preventive control has been emphasized. The methanolic extract of roots of Cynodon dactylon was screened for its hepato-protective activity in diethyl nitrosamine (DEN) induced liver cancer in Swiss albino mice. The plant extract at a dose of 50 mg/kg was administered orally once a week, up to 30 days after DEN administration. The animals were sacrificed; blood sample and liver tissue were collected and used for enzyme assay such as, asparatate amino transferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST). The liver marker enzymes AST and ALT produced significant results in the protective action. The antioxidant enzyme assay results concerning the improved activity of GPx, GST and CAT. These results concluded that enhanced levels of antioxidant enzyme and reduced amount of serum amino transaminase, which are suggested to be the major mechanisms of C. dactylon root extract in protecting the mice from hepatocarcinoma induced by DEN. These biochemical observations were supplemented by histopathological examination of liver sections. The methanolic extract of C. dactylon possesses significant anticancer properties.
It is well known that mouse uterine 24p3 protein, is an acute phase protein, secreted from the L929 cell line, and that it will be induced by the dexamethasone stimulation of the cell. We investigated the possible effects of 24p3 protein... more
It is well known that mouse uterine 24p3 protein, is an acute phase protein, secreted from the L929 cell line, and that it will be induced by the dexamethasone stimulation of the cell. We investigated the possible effects of 24p3 protein on the L929 cell line, by observing its morphological change, ROS increase and viability decrease, by the process of culturing in a 24p3 protein-supplemented medium. Following the L929 cells' exposure to the 24p3 protein supplement for a period of 72 hours, S-phase cells accumulated to a significant degree, suggesting that the entry into the G2/M phase from the S phase, in the cell cycle progression, was blocked. There was a significant decrease in cell numbers and increased DNA damage within the cells in the presence of 24p3 protein within the medium for 96 hours, implying that they have undergone pathway of cell death. After 96h incubation in low concentration of 24p3 protein, the result of PI/annexin V double staining showed cell death obviou...
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ABSTRACT The plant lipidomics is a comprehensive system of all lipids in plants with respect to cell signalling, membrane architecture, transcriptional and translational modulation and cell-cell and cell-protein interactions in response... more
ABSTRACT The plant lipidomics is a comprehensive system of all lipids in plants with respect to cell signalling, membrane architecture, transcriptional and translational modulation and cell-cell and cell-protein interactions in response to environmental changes over time. This chapter is mainly focused on the role of plant lipids in signalling pathways during stress conditions, which were described in detail. In order to ameliorate lipid research, various analytical methods developed to characterise and quantify lipids are discussed with the salient points. Various lipid databases are provided which will be useful to access a wide range of information about lipids. Few online resources for the lipids are also described. This can help further research in the field of plant lipidomics. In conclusion, the role of plant lipids over human health and some of biological roles were illustrated.
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ABSTRACT Purpose Ulcerative colitis (UC) is associated with tainted neutrophil infiltration, deregulated pro-inflammatory mediators, characterized by severe oxidative stress of the intestine. In the present study, an effort was made to... more
ABSTRACT Purpose Ulcerative colitis (UC) is associated with tainted neutrophil infiltration, deregulated pro-inflammatory mediators, characterized by severe oxidative stress of the intestine. In the present study, an effort was made to evaluate the effect of methanolic fractions of Eupatorium triplinerve (E. triplinerve) (ET) on acetic acid induced ulcerative colitis in male adult mice. Methods Colitis in mice was induced with 3.0% acetic acid (v/v) in saline via rectal route. Pre-intervention with E. triplinerve extract (100 mg and 200 mg kg−1 body weight, oral) and reference drug ranitidine (50 mg kg−1 body weight used as reference, oral) 4 days before induction of colitis and was extended up to 8 days. Results The phase of inflammation before E. triplinerve extract pre-treatment significantly showed attenuated macroscopic damage, argyrophilic nuclear organization regions (AgNORs) count and histological changes. Similarly, extract also effectively detracts the activity of both Myeloperoxidase (MPO) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels by enhancing the cellular antioxidant enzyme levels (Glutathione-s-transferase [GST], Glutathione peroxidise [GPx] and Catalase [CAT]) at the site of ulceration. Conclusions The E. triplinerve based therapy resolved that some constituents in extract have an antiulcer effect against UC at colon specific area through its inviolable radical scavenging activity.
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At present, the majority of established treatments for breast cancer are based on clinical manifestations, some fundamental of molecular and cellular biology of cancer. In recent times, the therapy is moving towards personalized... more
At present, the majority of established treatments for breast cancer are based on clinical manifestations, some fundamental of molecular and cellular biology of cancer. In recent times, the therapy is moving towards personalized medicines. Nevertheless, both the methodologies have own demerits. In the present study, we proposed a novel idea of targeted therapy with twin pharmacological potential by a peptide pACC1. The peptide was formulated with chitosan and evaluated with DMBA induced mammary carcinoma. Results suggest that the peptide holds great control on tumor cell multiplication, fatty acid synthesis and lactate levels. In addition, peptide also brings normal metabolic signs in glycolytic and glycogenic pathways. Histological studies confirm the dual pharmacological actions. Further, it is also proven that the peptide controls membrane receptor levels of HER2 and EGFR. In conclusion, that the peptide pACC1 could be employed as greater therapeutic adjuvant with currently estab...
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Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are underpinned for initiating a cascade of toxic events leading to dopaminergic neuronal death in Parkinson&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s disease (PD) and identified as vital target for... more
Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are underpinned for initiating a cascade of toxic events leading to dopaminergic neuronal death in Parkinson&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s disease (PD) and identified as vital target for therapeutic intervention. Curcumin, a potent antioxidant has been reported to display diverse neuroprotective properties against various neurodegenerative diseases including PD. In this present study, we investigated the protective effect of CNB-001, a pyrazole derivative of curcumin on rotenone-induced toxicity and its possible mechanisms in neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells. Rotenone insult significantly reduced cell viability (MTT assay) and resulted in 78 % apoptosis (dual staining) by altering Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3, and cytochrome C expression. Moreover, rotenone enhanced ROS production and disrupts mitochondrial membrane potential. These resultant phenotypes were distinctly alleviated by CNB-001. Pretreatment with CNB-001(2 μM) 2 h before rotenone exposure (100 nM) increased cell viability, decreased ROS formation, maintained normal physiological mitochondrial membrane potential, and reduced apoptosis. Furthermore, CNB-001 inhibited downstream apoptotic cascade by increasing the expression of vital antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 and decreased the expression of Bax, caspase-3, and cytochrome C. Collectively, the results suggest that CNB-001 protects neuronal cell against toxicity through antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties through its action on mitochondria. Therefore, it may be concluded that CNB-001 can be further developed as a promising drug for treatment of PD.
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Research Interests: Endocrinology, Flow Cytometry, Fluorescence Microscopy, Animal Production, Western blotting, and 12 moreCell line, Mice, Endocytosis, Animals, Proteins, Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis, Clinical Sciences, Veterinary Sciences, Acute Phase Proteins, Protein Binding, Protein Transport, and Cell Membrane
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A sensitive, specific and accurate HPLC method for the quantification of rivastigmine (RSM) in rat urine was developed and validated. The method involves the simple liquid–liquid extraction of RSM and pyridostigmine as an internal... more
A sensitive, specific and accurate HPLC method for the quantification of rivastigmine (RSM) in rat urine was developed and validated. The method involves the simple liquid–liquid extraction of RSM and pyridostigmine as an internal standard (IS) from rat urine with tertiary methyl ...
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The prevalence of Parkinson’s disease (PD), the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, is increasing day by day and poses a great threat to the elderly population. Its main neuropathological feature is the loss of dopaminergic... more
The prevalence of Parkinson’s disease (PD), the second most common
neurodegenerative disorder, is increasing day by day and poses a great threat to the
elderly population. Its main neuropathological feature is the loss of dopaminergic
neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta(SNpc). However, the pathogenesis
of PD is not understood fully. Clinical, experimental, microanatomic, and biochemical evidence suggest PD involves multifactorial oxidative neurodegeneration. The
SNpc is uniquely vulnerable to oxidative damage, having a high content of oxidizable dopamine, neuromelanin, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and iron, and relatively
low antioxidant complement with high metabolic rate. The aim of this review is to
bring out the incidence of PD in India compared to that of Europe. Since ancient
times plants have been valued for their medicinal properties, and many cultures
still rely on plants as their major source of medicine. In this review we discuss the
role of Indian medicinal plants in countering free-radical damage and also give you
a glimpse about the clinical and pathological features of PD, available treatments,
their drawbacks, and future challenges to overcome PD.
neurodegenerative disorder, is increasing day by day and poses a great threat to the
elderly population. Its main neuropathological feature is the loss of dopaminergic
neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta(SNpc). However, the pathogenesis
of PD is not understood fully. Clinical, experimental, microanatomic, and biochemical evidence suggest PD involves multifactorial oxidative neurodegeneration. The
SNpc is uniquely vulnerable to oxidative damage, having a high content of oxidizable dopamine, neuromelanin, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and iron, and relatively
low antioxidant complement with high metabolic rate. The aim of this review is to
bring out the incidence of PD in India compared to that of Europe. Since ancient
times plants have been valued for their medicinal properties, and many cultures
still rely on plants as their major source of medicine. In this review we discuss the
role of Indian medicinal plants in countering free-radical damage and also give you
a glimpse about the clinical and pathological features of PD, available treatments,
their drawbacks, and future challenges to overcome PD.
Research Interests:
Pectin is a major component of primary cell wall of all land plants and encompasses a range of galacturonic acid rich polysaccharides. Pectinase or pectinolytic enzyme, hydrolyzes pectic substance, they have a share of 25% in the global... more
Pectin is a major component of primary cell wall of all land plants and encompasses a range of galacturonic acid rich polysaccharides. Pectinase or pectinolytic enzyme, hydrolyzes pectic substance, they have a share of 25% in the global sales of food enzymes. Production of this enzyme is affected by the nature of solid substrate, level of moisture content, presence or absence of carbon, nitrogen, minerals and vitamin supplements. Maximum enzyme production (44U/ml) is achieved when temperature is around 37°C, pH.8.5, pectin as a carbon source, yeast extract as a nitrogen source and incubation time is 36 hours. In addition to this, wheat bran acts as a better agro substrate and Magnesium chloride as supplement for better production of pectinase. The sequence analysis of 16S rDNA of the isolated organism was much similar when compared with gyrase B gene (gyrB) of Bacillus cereus. Pectinolytic enzyme is of significant importance in the application of apple juice industry in the current biotechnological era.