International journal of historical archaeology, Jun 1, 2024
This article presents the discovery in Ruszów (German: Rauscha, today in Poland) of 103 stone epi... more This article presents the discovery in Ruszów (German: Rauscha, today in Poland) of 103 stone epitaphs from a demolished monument commemorating the inhabitants of this village-German soldiers who died during World War I. After World War II, Poland received part of Germany's territory in exchange for lands lost to the Soviet Union. Forced deportations followed the change of borders. Polish displaced persons in the new territories found a foreign cultural heritage, which they often treated as hostile-due to the vivid memories of the German occupation. In such circumstances, the monument in Ruszów was destroyed. The village inhabitants remembered this and decided to change it by initiating community archaeology to research the monument's relics. The universal right to remember the dead, which, in their opinion was violated in the act of destroying the monument, was the motivation for their actions. It prompted the scientists helping them to reflect on the various aspects of community archaeology.
During archaeological excavations in burial sites, sometimes stoned organic objects are found, in... more During archaeological excavations in burial sites, sometimes stoned organic objects are found, in addition to human remains. Those objects might be of a different origin, depending on various factors influencing members of a community (i.e. diseases, trauma), which provides information about their living conditions. The St. Nicholas Church archaeological site (Libkovice, Czechia) in the 18th century horizon of the cemetery, yielded a maturus-senilis female skeleton with a stone object in the left iliac fossa. This object was an oviform cyst-like rough structure, measuring 54 mm in length, 35 mm in maximum diameter and 0.2–0.7 mm shell thickness. Within the object there were small fetal bones (long bones, i.e. femur and two tibias, two scapulas, three ribs, vertebrae and other tiny bone fragments). Methods utilized to analyze the outer and inner surface morphology of the cyst and its inside, included: X-ray, CT imaging, SEM, histological staining and EDS. The EDS analysis revealed th...
Castles were centres of the socio-economic life. In the last centuries castles were gradually dis... more Castles were centres of the socio-economic life. In the last centuries castles were gradually disappearing from the landscape of Central Europe. It was mostly due to changes in a social order, but also because of natural disasters which happened during that time. In few cases this happened so suddenly and fully that today we even can’t point out their approximate location. This is especially true for castles functioning between 14th and 16th century in the Zgorzelec Wilderness (south-west Poland), in places known nowadays as Prędocice, Nowoszów, Pieńsk and Piaseczna. To identify castles’ oikumenes authors decided to re-analyse known historical evidences and execute a field research. The latter one was targeted to recognize not only cultural heritage such as ruins of buildings or earthworks, but also changes in the natural environment, such as biotope’s transformations. As a result of dual humanistic-environmental studies remains of a medieval building were found in Nowoszów. They were assumed to be vestiges of the castle’s oikumene, maybe a tower house, functioning at the manmade isle on the Czerna Wielka river. The other result of the research was identifying other artificial islands, in these cases, on the Lusatian Neisse river that with a big probability contain remains of castles in Prędocice and Pieńsk. Castles in the Zgorzelec Wilderness didn’t deviate from other structures of this type and were built in naturally defensive locations. River valleys’ neckings and natural elevations within river fluvial valleys were accordingly transformed to better serve its purposes. Rivers and streams in addition were used as an economic base, for example to power hammer forges. A natural environment’s transformations caused by castles’ inhabitants were so vast, that these changes dated back to Late Middle Ages and Early Modern Period to this day are clearly visible in ecosystems of the Zgorzelec Wilderness.
Puszcza Zgorzelecka (The Zgorzelec Wilderness) is part of Bory Dolnośląskie (the Lower Silesian W... more Puszcza Zgorzelecka (The Zgorzelec Wilderness) is part of Bory Dolnośląskie (the Lower Silesian Wilderness), one of the largest forest complexes in Central Europe, located in south− western Poland. Thousands of years of interaction between man and the environment have led to the formation of unique cultural and natural heritage, to this day leaving traces within the landscape. This heritage has been studied as part of an interdisciplinary archaeological research project that began in 2014. The deserted village of Tormersdorf, located by the Lusatian Neisse at the Polish−German border, is the central point of the study area. In total, 26 archaeological sites dating from the Mesolithic to the Second World War have been identified, 19 of which are covered by the forest. The forest's vegetation and the idea of preventive conservation of the environment have channelled the research process into the application of non−destructive methods of archaeological survey, complemented by the highest possible reduction of excava− tions and extended to include environmental studies. The content of this paper presents the methods and selected results of the project, a description of difficulties faced in its course, as well as thoughts on the scientific potential of forest heritage.
The aim of the article is to discuss the potential purpose, and then a functional analysis of the... more The aim of the article is to discuss the potential purpose, and then a functional analysis of the structure, the stone relics of which were discovered during the archaeological research conducted in 2018 and 2019, on the zwinger of the Grodno Castle, located in Zagórze Śląskie. The chronology of the structure, based on the analysis of the accompanying artefacts, was established in the first half of the 15th century, linking its destruction with the Hussite wars that were going on at that time. The analysis of the iconographic material and the results of research carried out on similar sites in Silesia, the Czech Republic and Moravia allowed for a hypothesis that the structure in question was a relic of a so called parkan – the oldest, previously unknown line of additional fortifications. Such wooden or stone-and-wooden objects would be the first response to the firearms spreading at that time. The theoretical model of the effectiveness of this type of fortification is considered, taking into account a number of basic factors, such as the terrain, the possibilities of armaments at that time, and the location of attackers and defenders. Various scenarios are discussed, taking into consideration the results of practical and theoretical experiments related to the use of early modern firearms and artillery published in the literature on the subject. The results of the conducted analyses seem to confirm both the proposed function of the structure and a number of benefits of its construction.
Grodno Castle (formerly Kynsburg) is located in the town of Zagórze Śląskie (Świdnica district) i... more Grodno Castle (formerly Kynsburg) is located in the town of Zagórze Śląskie (Świdnica district) in the southern part of the Wałbrzyskie Mountains. The castle was erected on the summit of Choina Mountain at an altitude of about 450 m above sea level. From this location, there is a panoramic view of the Sowie (Owl) Mountains and the Wałbrzyskie Mountains as well as its foothills. Choina Mountain rises on the left bank of the Bystrzyca River and its valley forms the border between the Sowie Mountains and the Wałbrzyskie Mountains [1]. From the location of the castle, visitors can see Świdnica, which is located about 16 km to the north. During the Middle Ages, Świdnica was the capital of the principality and the city of residence for the Świdnica Piasts. Grodno Castle was possibly built at the end of the 13th century on the initiative of Prince Bolko I of Świdnica. Before the castle was built, a watchtower was reported to have functioned there to guard the trade route running from Świdnica through the Bystrzyca valley to Bohemia [2]. However, no extensive archaeological research aimed at verifying the information provided in the literature on the subject about the origins of Grodno Castle has ever been carried out. The aim of this article is to present and discuss the results of the archaeological research conducted by the authors from 2017 to 2019 that will contribute to a discussion on chronological phases of the castle’s origins and existence. The earliest source reporting on the functioning of the castle came from the 14th century [3, a detailed list of sources here]. The expansion of the building included the largely preserved upper castle which took place during the reign of Prince Bolko II. After the death of Duchess Agnieszka (1392), the widow of Bolko II, the castle and the entire Duchy of Świdnica-Jawor came under the rule of the kings of Bohemia who sold it to private hands. In the 15th century, the castle frequently changed owners. For example, Georg von Mühlheim Puschke (Puczek) possessed the castle in the years 1429–14631. The family of Zettritz (Czetryc) is also mentioned among the owners of the castle and the surrounding estates at that time. In 1463, the stronghold was taken by the Bohemian King George of Poděbrady possibly as a result of an armed attack. The Zettritz family (Czetrycowie) regained the castle after paying the king 1600 Hungarian guilders [4]. The period of the greatest prosperity and the reconstruction of the Gothic stronghold into a Renaissance style residence took place during the years 1545–1587 due to the Logau family. The castle buildings began to gradually decline during the 17th century, especially the period of the Thirty Years’ War. Destruction of the castle occurred after the occupation by the Swedes, a subsequent lack of renovations, and disrepair caused by natural disasters. As a result, some of the buildings of the upper castle collapsed in 1789. Then in 1823, Gottlieb Büsching, a professor at the University of Wrocław, as well as historian and archaeologist, spearheaded some restoration of the castle, and it was opened to the public. After his death in 1829, the castle became the property of subsequent heirs and gradually expanded.
Castles were centres of the socio-economic life. In the last centuries castles were gradually dis... more Castles were centres of the socio-economic life. In the last centuries castles were gradually disappearing from the landscape of Central Europe. It was mostly due to changes in a social order, but also because of natural disasters which happened during that time. In few cases this happened so suddenly and fully that today we even can’t point out their approximate location. This is especially true for castles functioning between 14th and 16th century in the Zgorzelec Wilderness (south-west Poland), in places known nowadays as Prędocice, Nowoszów, Pieńsk and Piaseczna. To identify castles’ oikumenes authors decided to re-analyse known historical evidences and execute a field research. The latter one was targeted to recognize not only cultural heritage such as ruins of buildings or earthworks, but also changes in the natural environment, such as biotope’s transformations. As a result of dual humanistic-environmental studies remains of a medieval building were found in Nowoszów. They were assumed to be vestiges of the castle’s oikumene, maybe a tower house, functioning at the manmade isle on the Czerna Wielka river. The other result of the research was identifying other artificial islands, in these cases, on the Lusatian Neisse river that with a big probability contain remains of castles in Prędocice and Pieńsk. Castles in the Zgorzelec Wilderness didn’t deviate from other structures of this type and were built in naturally defensive locations. River valleys’ neckings and natural elevations within river fluvial valleys were accordingly transformed to better serve its purposes. Rivers and streams in addition were used as an economic base, for example to power hammer forges. A natural environment’s transformations caused by castles’ inhabitants were so vast, that these changes dated back to Late Middle Ages and Early Modern Period to this day are clearly visible in ecosystems of the Zgorzelec Wilderness.
Wieś zaginiona Wspólnota, samorządność, przestrzeń, 2020
650 years ago, members of the Upper Lusatian League burned the city of Nowoszów, along with the c... more 650 years ago, members of the Upper Lusatian League burned the city of Nowoszów, along with the castle Neuhaus built by Duke Bolko II. Apparently, the traces of it were still visible in the last century, but the knowledge about its location has not survived to the present day. Using basic research methods, such as querying and analyzing of archives and literature, analyzing LiDAR data, surface survey, excavations, artefacts‘ chronological and formal analysis, and geophysical survey, the site has been thoroughly examined. As a result of the conducted activities, the usefulness of individual research methods was verified, the layout of the village and functions of some buildings were recognized, and probably the court of Bolko II was located.
Castles were centres of the socio-economic life. In the last centuries castles were gradually dis... more Castles were centres of the socio-economic life. In the last centuries castles were gradually disappearing from the landscape of Central Europe. It was mostly due to changes in a social order, but also because of natural disasters which happened during that time. In few cases this happened so suddenly and fully that today we even can’t point out their approximate location. This is especially true for castles functioning between 14th and 16th century in the Zgorzelec Wilderness (south-west Poland), in places known nowadays as Prędocice, Nowoszów, Pieńsk and Piaseczna. To identify castles’ oikumenes authors decided to re-analyse known historical evidences and execute a field research. The latter one was targeted to recognize not only cultural heritage such as ruins of buildings or earthworks, but also changes in the natural environment, such as biotope’s transformations. As a result of dual humanistic-environmental studies remains of a medieval building were found in Nowoszów. They were assumed to be vestiges of the castle’s oikumene, maybe a tower house, functioning at the manmade isle on the Czerna Wielka river. The other result of the research was identifying other artificial islands, in these cases, on the Lusatian Neisse river that with a big probability contain remains of castles in Prędocice and Pieńsk. Castles in the Zgorzelec Wilderness didn’t deviate from other structures of this type and were built in naturally defensive locations. River valleys’ neckings and natural elevations within river fluvial valleys were accordingly transformed to better serve its purposes. Rivers and streams in addition were used as an economic base, for example to power hammer forges. A natural environment’s transformations caused by castles’ inhabitants were so vast, that these changes dated back to Late Middle Ages and Early Modern Period to this day are clearly visible in ecosystems of the Zgorzelec Wilderness.
This paper presents a part of the results of archaeological excavations conducted
in 2013 near Ka... more This paper presents a part of the results of archaeological excavations conducted in 2013 near Kazimierza Wielkiego street in Wrocław. The study focuses on two sections of late medieval pipeline discovered in the excavated area. An analysis of the explored features and archaeological material is applied to approximate the chronology and the specifity of the find. The obtained results indicate that the two sections of the pipeline were most probably constructed in separate periods. This finding and the conclusions made shed more light on the location and the course of aqueduct threads in medieval Wrocław.
A report on the non-invasive archaeological prospection of the abandoned village of Nowoszów / No... more A report on the non-invasive archaeological prospection of the abandoned village of Nowoszów / Nowiny (Lower Silesian Wilderness, Poland)
Odkryty w 2018 roku statek wikingów znajdujący się wewnątrz kurhanu doczekał się wspaniałej wizua... more Odkryty w 2018 roku statek wikingów znajdujący się wewnątrz kurhanu doczekał się wspaniałej wizualizacji. Historia tego odkrycia to przykład świetnej współpracy na każdym polu.
Średniowieczną osadę oraz 3 kurhany odkryto na farmie Gjellestad pod Halden na wsypie Smola dzięki badaniom przy pomocy georadaru. Prócz pozostałości po długich domach na opublikowanych zdjęciach wyraźnie widoczny był zarys łodzi mającej blisko 20 metrów.
Zęby, kości, ozdoby i narzędzia krzemienne z jaskini Bacho Kiro we współczesnej Bułgarii ujawniły... more Zęby, kości, ozdoby i narzędzia krzemienne z jaskini Bacho Kiro we współczesnej Bułgarii ujawniły, że według najnowszych badań pierwsi Homo sapiens pojawili się w Europie nawet 47 000 lat temu.
Zawidów, Sulików i Białogórze – stanowiska w tych miejscowościach zostały wytypowane do przebadan... more Zawidów, Sulików i Białogórze – stanowiska w tych miejscowościach zostały wytypowane do przebadania w ramach międzynarodowego projektu edukacyjno-badawczego "1000 lat Górnych Łużyc - ludzie, grody, miasta". Po długim okresie przygotowań w końcu nadszedł czas prac terenowych.
International journal of historical archaeology, Jun 1, 2024
This article presents the discovery in Ruszów (German: Rauscha, today in Poland) of 103 stone epi... more This article presents the discovery in Ruszów (German: Rauscha, today in Poland) of 103 stone epitaphs from a demolished monument commemorating the inhabitants of this village-German soldiers who died during World War I. After World War II, Poland received part of Germany's territory in exchange for lands lost to the Soviet Union. Forced deportations followed the change of borders. Polish displaced persons in the new territories found a foreign cultural heritage, which they often treated as hostile-due to the vivid memories of the German occupation. In such circumstances, the monument in Ruszów was destroyed. The village inhabitants remembered this and decided to change it by initiating community archaeology to research the monument's relics. The universal right to remember the dead, which, in their opinion was violated in the act of destroying the monument, was the motivation for their actions. It prompted the scientists helping them to reflect on the various aspects of community archaeology.
During archaeological excavations in burial sites, sometimes stoned organic objects are found, in... more During archaeological excavations in burial sites, sometimes stoned organic objects are found, in addition to human remains. Those objects might be of a different origin, depending on various factors influencing members of a community (i.e. diseases, trauma), which provides information about their living conditions. The St. Nicholas Church archaeological site (Libkovice, Czechia) in the 18th century horizon of the cemetery, yielded a maturus-senilis female skeleton with a stone object in the left iliac fossa. This object was an oviform cyst-like rough structure, measuring 54 mm in length, 35 mm in maximum diameter and 0.2–0.7 mm shell thickness. Within the object there were small fetal bones (long bones, i.e. femur and two tibias, two scapulas, three ribs, vertebrae and other tiny bone fragments). Methods utilized to analyze the outer and inner surface morphology of the cyst and its inside, included: X-ray, CT imaging, SEM, histological staining and EDS. The EDS analysis revealed th...
Castles were centres of the socio-economic life. In the last centuries castles were gradually dis... more Castles were centres of the socio-economic life. In the last centuries castles were gradually disappearing from the landscape of Central Europe. It was mostly due to changes in a social order, but also because of natural disasters which happened during that time. In few cases this happened so suddenly and fully that today we even can’t point out their approximate location. This is especially true for castles functioning between 14th and 16th century in the Zgorzelec Wilderness (south-west Poland), in places known nowadays as Prędocice, Nowoszów, Pieńsk and Piaseczna. To identify castles’ oikumenes authors decided to re-analyse known historical evidences and execute a field research. The latter one was targeted to recognize not only cultural heritage such as ruins of buildings or earthworks, but also changes in the natural environment, such as biotope’s transformations. As a result of dual humanistic-environmental studies remains of a medieval building were found in Nowoszów. They were assumed to be vestiges of the castle’s oikumene, maybe a tower house, functioning at the manmade isle on the Czerna Wielka river. The other result of the research was identifying other artificial islands, in these cases, on the Lusatian Neisse river that with a big probability contain remains of castles in Prędocice and Pieńsk. Castles in the Zgorzelec Wilderness didn’t deviate from other structures of this type and were built in naturally defensive locations. River valleys’ neckings and natural elevations within river fluvial valleys were accordingly transformed to better serve its purposes. Rivers and streams in addition were used as an economic base, for example to power hammer forges. A natural environment’s transformations caused by castles’ inhabitants were so vast, that these changes dated back to Late Middle Ages and Early Modern Period to this day are clearly visible in ecosystems of the Zgorzelec Wilderness.
Puszcza Zgorzelecka (The Zgorzelec Wilderness) is part of Bory Dolnośląskie (the Lower Silesian W... more Puszcza Zgorzelecka (The Zgorzelec Wilderness) is part of Bory Dolnośląskie (the Lower Silesian Wilderness), one of the largest forest complexes in Central Europe, located in south− western Poland. Thousands of years of interaction between man and the environment have led to the formation of unique cultural and natural heritage, to this day leaving traces within the landscape. This heritage has been studied as part of an interdisciplinary archaeological research project that began in 2014. The deserted village of Tormersdorf, located by the Lusatian Neisse at the Polish−German border, is the central point of the study area. In total, 26 archaeological sites dating from the Mesolithic to the Second World War have been identified, 19 of which are covered by the forest. The forest's vegetation and the idea of preventive conservation of the environment have channelled the research process into the application of non−destructive methods of archaeological survey, complemented by the highest possible reduction of excava− tions and extended to include environmental studies. The content of this paper presents the methods and selected results of the project, a description of difficulties faced in its course, as well as thoughts on the scientific potential of forest heritage.
The aim of the article is to discuss the potential purpose, and then a functional analysis of the... more The aim of the article is to discuss the potential purpose, and then a functional analysis of the structure, the stone relics of which were discovered during the archaeological research conducted in 2018 and 2019, on the zwinger of the Grodno Castle, located in Zagórze Śląskie. The chronology of the structure, based on the analysis of the accompanying artefacts, was established in the first half of the 15th century, linking its destruction with the Hussite wars that were going on at that time. The analysis of the iconographic material and the results of research carried out on similar sites in Silesia, the Czech Republic and Moravia allowed for a hypothesis that the structure in question was a relic of a so called parkan – the oldest, previously unknown line of additional fortifications. Such wooden or stone-and-wooden objects would be the first response to the firearms spreading at that time. The theoretical model of the effectiveness of this type of fortification is considered, taking into account a number of basic factors, such as the terrain, the possibilities of armaments at that time, and the location of attackers and defenders. Various scenarios are discussed, taking into consideration the results of practical and theoretical experiments related to the use of early modern firearms and artillery published in the literature on the subject. The results of the conducted analyses seem to confirm both the proposed function of the structure and a number of benefits of its construction.
Grodno Castle (formerly Kynsburg) is located in the town of Zagórze Śląskie (Świdnica district) i... more Grodno Castle (formerly Kynsburg) is located in the town of Zagórze Śląskie (Świdnica district) in the southern part of the Wałbrzyskie Mountains. The castle was erected on the summit of Choina Mountain at an altitude of about 450 m above sea level. From this location, there is a panoramic view of the Sowie (Owl) Mountains and the Wałbrzyskie Mountains as well as its foothills. Choina Mountain rises on the left bank of the Bystrzyca River and its valley forms the border between the Sowie Mountains and the Wałbrzyskie Mountains [1]. From the location of the castle, visitors can see Świdnica, which is located about 16 km to the north. During the Middle Ages, Świdnica was the capital of the principality and the city of residence for the Świdnica Piasts. Grodno Castle was possibly built at the end of the 13th century on the initiative of Prince Bolko I of Świdnica. Before the castle was built, a watchtower was reported to have functioned there to guard the trade route running from Świdnica through the Bystrzyca valley to Bohemia [2]. However, no extensive archaeological research aimed at verifying the information provided in the literature on the subject about the origins of Grodno Castle has ever been carried out. The aim of this article is to present and discuss the results of the archaeological research conducted by the authors from 2017 to 2019 that will contribute to a discussion on chronological phases of the castle’s origins and existence. The earliest source reporting on the functioning of the castle came from the 14th century [3, a detailed list of sources here]. The expansion of the building included the largely preserved upper castle which took place during the reign of Prince Bolko II. After the death of Duchess Agnieszka (1392), the widow of Bolko II, the castle and the entire Duchy of Świdnica-Jawor came under the rule of the kings of Bohemia who sold it to private hands. In the 15th century, the castle frequently changed owners. For example, Georg von Mühlheim Puschke (Puczek) possessed the castle in the years 1429–14631. The family of Zettritz (Czetryc) is also mentioned among the owners of the castle and the surrounding estates at that time. In 1463, the stronghold was taken by the Bohemian King George of Poděbrady possibly as a result of an armed attack. The Zettritz family (Czetrycowie) regained the castle after paying the king 1600 Hungarian guilders [4]. The period of the greatest prosperity and the reconstruction of the Gothic stronghold into a Renaissance style residence took place during the years 1545–1587 due to the Logau family. The castle buildings began to gradually decline during the 17th century, especially the period of the Thirty Years’ War. Destruction of the castle occurred after the occupation by the Swedes, a subsequent lack of renovations, and disrepair caused by natural disasters. As a result, some of the buildings of the upper castle collapsed in 1789. Then in 1823, Gottlieb Büsching, a professor at the University of Wrocław, as well as historian and archaeologist, spearheaded some restoration of the castle, and it was opened to the public. After his death in 1829, the castle became the property of subsequent heirs and gradually expanded.
Castles were centres of the socio-economic life. In the last centuries castles were gradually dis... more Castles were centres of the socio-economic life. In the last centuries castles were gradually disappearing from the landscape of Central Europe. It was mostly due to changes in a social order, but also because of natural disasters which happened during that time. In few cases this happened so suddenly and fully that today we even can’t point out their approximate location. This is especially true for castles functioning between 14th and 16th century in the Zgorzelec Wilderness (south-west Poland), in places known nowadays as Prędocice, Nowoszów, Pieńsk and Piaseczna. To identify castles’ oikumenes authors decided to re-analyse known historical evidences and execute a field research. The latter one was targeted to recognize not only cultural heritage such as ruins of buildings or earthworks, but also changes in the natural environment, such as biotope’s transformations. As a result of dual humanistic-environmental studies remains of a medieval building were found in Nowoszów. They were assumed to be vestiges of the castle’s oikumene, maybe a tower house, functioning at the manmade isle on the Czerna Wielka river. The other result of the research was identifying other artificial islands, in these cases, on the Lusatian Neisse river that with a big probability contain remains of castles in Prędocice and Pieńsk. Castles in the Zgorzelec Wilderness didn’t deviate from other structures of this type and were built in naturally defensive locations. River valleys’ neckings and natural elevations within river fluvial valleys were accordingly transformed to better serve its purposes. Rivers and streams in addition were used as an economic base, for example to power hammer forges. A natural environment’s transformations caused by castles’ inhabitants were so vast, that these changes dated back to Late Middle Ages and Early Modern Period to this day are clearly visible in ecosystems of the Zgorzelec Wilderness.
Wieś zaginiona Wspólnota, samorządność, przestrzeń, 2020
650 years ago, members of the Upper Lusatian League burned the city of Nowoszów, along with the c... more 650 years ago, members of the Upper Lusatian League burned the city of Nowoszów, along with the castle Neuhaus built by Duke Bolko II. Apparently, the traces of it were still visible in the last century, but the knowledge about its location has not survived to the present day. Using basic research methods, such as querying and analyzing of archives and literature, analyzing LiDAR data, surface survey, excavations, artefacts‘ chronological and formal analysis, and geophysical survey, the site has been thoroughly examined. As a result of the conducted activities, the usefulness of individual research methods was verified, the layout of the village and functions of some buildings were recognized, and probably the court of Bolko II was located.
Castles were centres of the socio-economic life. In the last centuries castles were gradually dis... more Castles were centres of the socio-economic life. In the last centuries castles were gradually disappearing from the landscape of Central Europe. It was mostly due to changes in a social order, but also because of natural disasters which happened during that time. In few cases this happened so suddenly and fully that today we even can’t point out their approximate location. This is especially true for castles functioning between 14th and 16th century in the Zgorzelec Wilderness (south-west Poland), in places known nowadays as Prędocice, Nowoszów, Pieńsk and Piaseczna. To identify castles’ oikumenes authors decided to re-analyse known historical evidences and execute a field research. The latter one was targeted to recognize not only cultural heritage such as ruins of buildings or earthworks, but also changes in the natural environment, such as biotope’s transformations. As a result of dual humanistic-environmental studies remains of a medieval building were found in Nowoszów. They were assumed to be vestiges of the castle’s oikumene, maybe a tower house, functioning at the manmade isle on the Czerna Wielka river. The other result of the research was identifying other artificial islands, in these cases, on the Lusatian Neisse river that with a big probability contain remains of castles in Prędocice and Pieńsk. Castles in the Zgorzelec Wilderness didn’t deviate from other structures of this type and were built in naturally defensive locations. River valleys’ neckings and natural elevations within river fluvial valleys were accordingly transformed to better serve its purposes. Rivers and streams in addition were used as an economic base, for example to power hammer forges. A natural environment’s transformations caused by castles’ inhabitants were so vast, that these changes dated back to Late Middle Ages and Early Modern Period to this day are clearly visible in ecosystems of the Zgorzelec Wilderness.
This paper presents a part of the results of archaeological excavations conducted
in 2013 near Ka... more This paper presents a part of the results of archaeological excavations conducted in 2013 near Kazimierza Wielkiego street in Wrocław. The study focuses on two sections of late medieval pipeline discovered in the excavated area. An analysis of the explored features and archaeological material is applied to approximate the chronology and the specifity of the find. The obtained results indicate that the two sections of the pipeline were most probably constructed in separate periods. This finding and the conclusions made shed more light on the location and the course of aqueduct threads in medieval Wrocław.
A report on the non-invasive archaeological prospection of the abandoned village of Nowoszów / No... more A report on the non-invasive archaeological prospection of the abandoned village of Nowoszów / Nowiny (Lower Silesian Wilderness, Poland)
Odkryty w 2018 roku statek wikingów znajdujący się wewnątrz kurhanu doczekał się wspaniałej wizua... more Odkryty w 2018 roku statek wikingów znajdujący się wewnątrz kurhanu doczekał się wspaniałej wizualizacji. Historia tego odkrycia to przykład świetnej współpracy na każdym polu.
Średniowieczną osadę oraz 3 kurhany odkryto na farmie Gjellestad pod Halden na wsypie Smola dzięki badaniom przy pomocy georadaru. Prócz pozostałości po długich domach na opublikowanych zdjęciach wyraźnie widoczny był zarys łodzi mającej blisko 20 metrów.
Zęby, kości, ozdoby i narzędzia krzemienne z jaskini Bacho Kiro we współczesnej Bułgarii ujawniły... more Zęby, kości, ozdoby i narzędzia krzemienne z jaskini Bacho Kiro we współczesnej Bułgarii ujawniły, że według najnowszych badań pierwsi Homo sapiens pojawili się w Europie nawet 47 000 lat temu.
Zawidów, Sulików i Białogórze – stanowiska w tych miejscowościach zostały wytypowane do przebadan... more Zawidów, Sulików i Białogórze – stanowiska w tych miejscowościach zostały wytypowane do przebadania w ramach międzynarodowego projektu edukacyjno-badawczego "1000 lat Górnych Łużyc - ludzie, grody, miasta". Po długim okresie przygotowań w końcu nadszedł czas prac terenowych.
Dawne miejskie systemy zaopatrywania w wodę bywały skomplikowane. Potrzebni byli nie tylko pracow... more Dawne miejskie systemy zaopatrywania w wodę bywały skomplikowane. Potrzebni byli nie tylko pracownicy, ale odpowiednie konstrukcje jak studnie, rury, rząpia czy kunszty wodne. To wszystko brzmi również nudno. A jednak darmowa, strategiczna gra „Waterworks!” podejmuje się tego by opowiedzieć jak mogło to wyglądać w Grudziądzu. I co najważniejsze – robi to w bardzo przyjemny sposób.
Górne Łużyce 1000 lat temu. Archeologia i historia Słowian we wczesnym średniowieczu / Die Oberlausitz vor 1000 Jahren Archäologie und Geschichte der Slawen im Frühmittelalte , 2021
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Using basic research methods, such as querying and analyzing of archives and literature, analyzing LiDAR data, surface survey, excavations, artefacts‘ chronological and formal analysis, and geophysical survey, the site has been thoroughly examined.
As a result of the conducted activities, the usefulness of individual research methods was verified, the layout of the village and functions of some buildings were recognized, and probably the court of Bolko II was located.
in 2013 near Kazimierza Wielkiego street in Wrocław. The study focuses on two sections of
late medieval pipeline discovered in the excavated area. An analysis of the explored features
and archaeological material is applied to approximate the chronology and the specifity of the
find. The obtained results indicate that the two sections of the pipeline were most probably
constructed in separate periods. This finding and the conclusions made shed more light on the
location and the course of aqueduct threads in medieval Wrocław.
Średniowieczną osadę oraz 3 kurhany odkryto na farmie Gjellestad pod Halden na wsypie Smola dzięki badaniom przy pomocy georadaru. Prócz pozostałości po długich domach na opublikowanych zdjęciach wyraźnie widoczny był zarys łodzi mającej blisko 20 metrów.
Całość pod tym linkiem:
https://archeologia.com.pl/jak-wygladal-wikinski-pochowek-w-prawie-20-metrowym-statku-rekonstrukcja/
Całość pod tym linkiem:
https://archeologia.com.pl/odkryto-najstarsze-szczatki-homo-sapiens-w-europie/
Całość pod linkiem:
https://archeologia.com.pl/rozpoczeto-badania-grodzisk-na-gornych-luzycach/
Using basic research methods, such as querying and analyzing of archives and literature, analyzing LiDAR data, surface survey, excavations, artefacts‘ chronological and formal analysis, and geophysical survey, the site has been thoroughly examined.
As a result of the conducted activities, the usefulness of individual research methods was verified, the layout of the village and functions of some buildings were recognized, and probably the court of Bolko II was located.
in 2013 near Kazimierza Wielkiego street in Wrocław. The study focuses on two sections of
late medieval pipeline discovered in the excavated area. An analysis of the explored features
and archaeological material is applied to approximate the chronology and the specifity of the
find. The obtained results indicate that the two sections of the pipeline were most probably
constructed in separate periods. This finding and the conclusions made shed more light on the
location and the course of aqueduct threads in medieval Wrocław.
Średniowieczną osadę oraz 3 kurhany odkryto na farmie Gjellestad pod Halden na wsypie Smola dzięki badaniom przy pomocy georadaru. Prócz pozostałości po długich domach na opublikowanych zdjęciach wyraźnie widoczny był zarys łodzi mającej blisko 20 metrów.
Całość pod tym linkiem:
https://archeologia.com.pl/jak-wygladal-wikinski-pochowek-w-prawie-20-metrowym-statku-rekonstrukcja/
Całość pod tym linkiem:
https://archeologia.com.pl/odkryto-najstarsze-szczatki-homo-sapiens-w-europie/
Całość pod linkiem:
https://archeologia.com.pl/rozpoczeto-badania-grodzisk-na-gornych-luzycach/
Całość pod tym linkiem:
https://archeologia.com.pl/waterworks-gra-strategiczna-o-wodociagach-grudziadza/