Professor Phillip (Phil) Cartwright is an American citizen raised in the Chicago area living in France for thirty years. A Ph.D. in economics from the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, he has forty years of academic and business experience. Today, he is Academic Dean and Full Professor, Research Methodology and Performing Arts Management DBA, Ascencia Business School, Paris; Full Professor, Research Methodology and Philosophy of Performing Arts, IESA, Paris; and Visiting Researcher, Royal College of Music, London. Phil's teaching and research interests relate to performance science, quantitative methods and the performing arts. He is Founder, HorizonVU Sound and Movement. He studies music theory and composition at the Berklee College of Music and he is a member of the American Economic Association, American Psychological Association, American Musicological Society, the Dance Studies Association and the Society for Dance Research. Supervisors: Paul Newbold (1945-2016) Address: Ascencia Business School 2 Parv. de la Défense, 92800 Puteaux FRANCE
Significant interest in non-fungible tokens (NFTs) as a means of changing the music industry has ... more Significant interest in non-fungible tokens (NFTs) as a means of changing the music industry has motivated this investigation. First, a comprehensive literature review (of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats [SWOT]) provides a summary of the benefits and costs associated with the deployment of blockchain- and NFT-based transactions in the music industry. Considerable effort has been devoted to identifying the economic, legal and regulatory benefits and drawbacks of applying the new technology. NFTs may be the final realisation of the digital universe, bringing exclusivity and revenues to the creator economy and the chance to revalue creative work. The technology's drawbacks may exceed its advantages. Navigation within the crypto regulatory landscape is still deemed as exploring uncharted territory. It is further complicated by the fact that it is largely uncertain which legal framework may apply due to the lack of jurisdiction-identifying criteria. Second, quantitat...
International Journal of Music Business Research, 2023
Significant interest in non-fungible tokens (NFTs) as a means of changing the music industry moti... more Significant interest in non-fungible tokens (NFTs) as a means of changing the music industry motivates this investigation. First, A comprehensive literature review (SWOT) provides a summary of the benefits and costs associated with the deployment of blockchain-based and NFT transactions in the music industry. Considerable effort has been devoted to identifying the economic, legal, and regulatory benefits and drawbacks of employing the new technology. NFTs may be the final realization of the digital universe, bringing exclusivity and revenues to the creator economy and the chance to revalue creative work.
Music leaders who conduct ensembles in education and community settings, create an ecology of par... more Music leaders who conduct ensembles in education and community settings, create an ecology of participation depending on their style of leadership. The paradigm of master/apprentice that has long been pilloried in music education academia is still a popular modus operandi for many conductors. Understanding the effect that leadership has on group identity and ensemble cohesion can help participant musicians to continue lifelong engagement with ensemble music making. This exploratory research consists of three phases. First, the relevant literature regarding group work, leadership theories, and musical ensembles was explored. Second, utilizing a purpose-designed questionnaire instrument issued to three musical ensembles. The data was collected and analyzed to determine which leadership factors were considered most important in developing a positive ecology for ensemble members. Data were collected from three musical ensembles, resulting in a convenience sample of n = 73. Some unexpect...
New Leadership in Strategy and Communication, 2019
This research deeps and broadens understanding of group work and the effectiveness of achieving l... more This research deeps and broadens understanding of group work and the effectiveness of achieving learning and performance benefits from collaborative task-based activities. The focus is on the applicability of group work applied to music ensembles of mid- to large sizes. Research shows that in order to achieve working as a group, the group must pass through two phases: one, cooperation (where they agree to disagree) and two, collaboration (where they iron out their differences and disagree to agree). Based upon results and observations thus far, the key to transition from phase one to phase two is emotional intelligence, as this is the most important skill for a conductor-leader.
DESCRIPTION Futures prices reflect the price that both the buyer and the seller agree will be the... more DESCRIPTION Futures prices reflect the price that both the buyer and the seller agree will be the price of a commodity upon delivery. Therefore, these prices provide direct information about investor’s expectations about the future price of the commodity of interest. This purpose of this research is two-fold. First, the research investigates the predictive accuracy and biasedness of futures prices predictions from reverse regression using in-sample criteria as well as from the performance of the models based upon ex post forecasts generated by alternative time series models. Second, following earlier investigations, an effort is made to understand the extent to which the spot energy (oil) price contains information content in the current period useful for predicting the forward-looking variable. The working hypothesis is that both own-commodity spot prices and spot energy (oil) prices are significant predictors of future commodity prices at alternative leads (lags).
Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, 2015
ABSTRACT This research is focused on analyzing spillover effects from crude oil to agricultural c... more ABSTRACT This research is focused on analyzing spillover effects from crude oil to agricultural commodities futures markets. Moreover, emphasis is placed on the " reverse " relationships between spot and futures markets with particular attention given to the interrelationships. The study is interesting for reasons of economics and finance as well as for taking into account geo-political considerations. Acknowledging the many empirical tests of efficient markets, this study lends insight into the empirical validity of reverse regressions hypothesizing that spot prices today contain information useful for predicting forward rates in the future. This paper analyzes the possible relationship between selected futures prices and spot oil prices considering the importance of the effects of temporal aggregation as well as alternative time series model specifications and assumptions on the distributions of residuals. In addition to the assumption of normality, the paper considers use of a fat-tailed distribution (multivariate t-distribution) to examine the robustness of results that are based on the normality assumption. Finally, models are compared in terms of ex post predictive validity.
Music leaders who conduct ensembles in education and community settings, create an ecology of par... more Music leaders who conduct ensembles in education and community settings, create an ecology of participation depending on their style of leadership. The paradigm of master/apprentice that has long been pilloried in music education academia is still a popular modus operandi for many conductors. Understanding the effect that leadership has on group identity and ensemble cohesion can help participant musicians to continue lifelong engagement with ensemble music making. This exploratory research consists of three phases. First, the relevant literature regarding group work, leadership theories, and musical ensembles was explored. Second, utilizing a purpose-designed questionnaire instrument issued to three musical ensembles. The data was collected and analyzed to determine which leadership factors were considered most important in developing a positive ecology for ensemble members. Data were collected from three musical ensembles, resulting in a convenience sample of n = 73. Some unexpected results emerged from several analytical techniques that explored the cross-tabulation of questionnaire data using Pearson's kurtosis and skewness coefficients and platykurtic distributions. Finally, this research recommends a more egalitarian ecology in order to maintain a strong interest in ensemble music making for participant musicians.
Artist management or mentoring is generally recognized as a fundamental challenge and contributin... more Artist management or mentoring is generally recognized as a fundamental challenge and contributing element to an artist's success. This article takes the position that artist management should go well beyond the narrow confines of standard business practice focused on traditional business management, marketing, accounting and finance extending into seven dimensions of the artist identity. The scope of artist management is broadened and deepened. Artist management is considered more challenging as there must be open sharing and evaluation of attributes and liabilities associated with professional and personal considerations. Further, it is unlikely that a manager has all of the expertise to directly manage on all identity dimensions, so outside expertise might be imperative. Prevalent examples of such cases are sub-optimal artist achievement owing to musical performance anxiety, its causes and consequences, and methods of alleviating severe problems and shortened life expectancy of popular musicians.
Futures prices reflect the price that both the buyer and the seller agree will be the price of a ... more Futures prices reflect the price that both the buyer and the seller agree will be the price of a commodity upon delivery. Therefore, these prices provide direct information about investor’s expectations about the future price of the commodity of interest. This purpose of this research is two-fold. First, the research investigates the predictive accuracy and biasedness of futures prices predictions from reverse regression using in-sample criteria as well as from the performance of the models based upon ex post forecasts generated by alternative time series models. Second, following earlier investigations, an effort is made to understand the extent to which the spot energy (oil) price contains information content in the current period useful for predicting the forward-looking variable. The working hypothesis is that both own-commodity spot prices and spot energy (oil) prices are significant predictors of future commodity prices at alternative leads (lags).
This research is focused on the “reverse” relationships between spot and futures markets with par... more This research is focused on the “reverse” relationships between spot and futures markets with particular attention given to the interrelationships between markets for food commodities and energy. The study is interesting for reasons of economics and political science particularly as concerns “oil for food” agreements. Acknowledging the many empirical tests of efficient markets, this study lends insight into the empirical validity of reverse regressions hypothesizing that spot prices today contain information useful for predicting forward rates in the future. This paper analyzes the possible relationship between selected futures prices and spot oil prices considering the importance of the effects of temporal aggregation as well as alternative model specifications and assumptions on the distributions of residuals. In addition to the assumption of normality, the paper considers use of a fat-tailed distribution (multivariate t-distribution) to examine the robustness of results that are based on the normality assumption. Finally, models are compared in terms of ex post predictive validity.
This paper builds upon theories of disruptive innovation and suggests a holistic approach for ana... more This paper builds upon theories of disruptive innovation and suggests a holistic approach for analysis bridging techno-supply-push (TSP) and user-demand-pull (UDP) interaction. Disruptive innovation is a consequence of both supply and demand side interactions. The paper clarifies the dynamic and interactive nature of innovation. An important factor in understanding outcomes from the two-sided nature of the market relates not so much to the origin of ideation, but to the bargaining process and the relative strength of the players. The paper points toward bargaining structures related to the even-swaps model. Examples are included in the paper as are management implications.
Applying the concept of “orchestration” to investigation of business issues associated with onlin... more Applying the concept of “orchestration” to investigation of business issues associated with online business networking. The key research questions raised in the paper are whether social media networking for emerging musicians is a viable means to attain value and what kind of means are available to independent music businesses to achieve success through the use of social media. The paper emphasizes “orchestration” as the management of creative combinations of content, marketing tools and techniques for success. The issues of online relationship management are addressed in the context of knowledge mobility, appropriability and network stability.
After presenting a status quo of the music business for emerging artists, this paper draws on cas... more After presenting a status quo of the music business for emerging artists, this paper draws on case study research (two cases) and research undertaken in the field innovation communication, as a new communication field in the Open Innovation economy, to answer the main research question “How can emerging artists be successful on the market from a communication / promotion perspective?” Based on the literature review and the main findings of our case studies, this paper has presented a new capability-based management approach of innovation communication for emerging artists. In particular on a collaborative level, innovation communication may represent a new field of communication (1) to carry out transactional communication with various knowledge-empowered stakeholder groups about ideas, emerging issues, and novelties; (2) to coordinate several activities, resources, capacities for re-invention and change; and (3) to go beyond boundaries for long-term market success. Our results thus so far suggest that many emerging artists find it very difficult to move beyond the operation all levels (at best).
Significant interest in non-fungible tokens (NFTs) as a means of changing the music industry has ... more Significant interest in non-fungible tokens (NFTs) as a means of changing the music industry has motivated this investigation. First, a comprehensive literature review (of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats [SWOT]) provides a summary of the benefits and costs associated with the deployment of blockchain- and NFT-based transactions in the music industry. Considerable effort has been devoted to identifying the economic, legal and regulatory benefits and drawbacks of applying the new technology. NFTs may be the final realisation of the digital universe, bringing exclusivity and revenues to the creator economy and the chance to revalue creative work. The technology's drawbacks may exceed its advantages. Navigation within the crypto regulatory landscape is still deemed as exploring uncharted territory. It is further complicated by the fact that it is largely uncertain which legal framework may apply due to the lack of jurisdiction-identifying criteria. Second, quantitat...
International Journal of Music Business Research, 2023
Significant interest in non-fungible tokens (NFTs) as a means of changing the music industry moti... more Significant interest in non-fungible tokens (NFTs) as a means of changing the music industry motivates this investigation. First, A comprehensive literature review (SWOT) provides a summary of the benefits and costs associated with the deployment of blockchain-based and NFT transactions in the music industry. Considerable effort has been devoted to identifying the economic, legal, and regulatory benefits and drawbacks of employing the new technology. NFTs may be the final realization of the digital universe, bringing exclusivity and revenues to the creator economy and the chance to revalue creative work.
Music leaders who conduct ensembles in education and community settings, create an ecology of par... more Music leaders who conduct ensembles in education and community settings, create an ecology of participation depending on their style of leadership. The paradigm of master/apprentice that has long been pilloried in music education academia is still a popular modus operandi for many conductors. Understanding the effect that leadership has on group identity and ensemble cohesion can help participant musicians to continue lifelong engagement with ensemble music making. This exploratory research consists of three phases. First, the relevant literature regarding group work, leadership theories, and musical ensembles was explored. Second, utilizing a purpose-designed questionnaire instrument issued to three musical ensembles. The data was collected and analyzed to determine which leadership factors were considered most important in developing a positive ecology for ensemble members. Data were collected from three musical ensembles, resulting in a convenience sample of n = 73. Some unexpect...
New Leadership in Strategy and Communication, 2019
This research deeps and broadens understanding of group work and the effectiveness of achieving l... more This research deeps and broadens understanding of group work and the effectiveness of achieving learning and performance benefits from collaborative task-based activities. The focus is on the applicability of group work applied to music ensembles of mid- to large sizes. Research shows that in order to achieve working as a group, the group must pass through two phases: one, cooperation (where they agree to disagree) and two, collaboration (where they iron out their differences and disagree to agree). Based upon results and observations thus far, the key to transition from phase one to phase two is emotional intelligence, as this is the most important skill for a conductor-leader.
DESCRIPTION Futures prices reflect the price that both the buyer and the seller agree will be the... more DESCRIPTION Futures prices reflect the price that both the buyer and the seller agree will be the price of a commodity upon delivery. Therefore, these prices provide direct information about investor’s expectations about the future price of the commodity of interest. This purpose of this research is two-fold. First, the research investigates the predictive accuracy and biasedness of futures prices predictions from reverse regression using in-sample criteria as well as from the performance of the models based upon ex post forecasts generated by alternative time series models. Second, following earlier investigations, an effort is made to understand the extent to which the spot energy (oil) price contains information content in the current period useful for predicting the forward-looking variable. The working hypothesis is that both own-commodity spot prices and spot energy (oil) prices are significant predictors of future commodity prices at alternative leads (lags).
Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, 2015
ABSTRACT This research is focused on analyzing spillover effects from crude oil to agricultural c... more ABSTRACT This research is focused on analyzing spillover effects from crude oil to agricultural commodities futures markets. Moreover, emphasis is placed on the " reverse " relationships between spot and futures markets with particular attention given to the interrelationships. The study is interesting for reasons of economics and finance as well as for taking into account geo-political considerations. Acknowledging the many empirical tests of efficient markets, this study lends insight into the empirical validity of reverse regressions hypothesizing that spot prices today contain information useful for predicting forward rates in the future. This paper analyzes the possible relationship between selected futures prices and spot oil prices considering the importance of the effects of temporal aggregation as well as alternative time series model specifications and assumptions on the distributions of residuals. In addition to the assumption of normality, the paper considers use of a fat-tailed distribution (multivariate t-distribution) to examine the robustness of results that are based on the normality assumption. Finally, models are compared in terms of ex post predictive validity.
Music leaders who conduct ensembles in education and community settings, create an ecology of par... more Music leaders who conduct ensembles in education and community settings, create an ecology of participation depending on their style of leadership. The paradigm of master/apprentice that has long been pilloried in music education academia is still a popular modus operandi for many conductors. Understanding the effect that leadership has on group identity and ensemble cohesion can help participant musicians to continue lifelong engagement with ensemble music making. This exploratory research consists of three phases. First, the relevant literature regarding group work, leadership theories, and musical ensembles was explored. Second, utilizing a purpose-designed questionnaire instrument issued to three musical ensembles. The data was collected and analyzed to determine which leadership factors were considered most important in developing a positive ecology for ensemble members. Data were collected from three musical ensembles, resulting in a convenience sample of n = 73. Some unexpected results emerged from several analytical techniques that explored the cross-tabulation of questionnaire data using Pearson's kurtosis and skewness coefficients and platykurtic distributions. Finally, this research recommends a more egalitarian ecology in order to maintain a strong interest in ensemble music making for participant musicians.
Artist management or mentoring is generally recognized as a fundamental challenge and contributin... more Artist management or mentoring is generally recognized as a fundamental challenge and contributing element to an artist's success. This article takes the position that artist management should go well beyond the narrow confines of standard business practice focused on traditional business management, marketing, accounting and finance extending into seven dimensions of the artist identity. The scope of artist management is broadened and deepened. Artist management is considered more challenging as there must be open sharing and evaluation of attributes and liabilities associated with professional and personal considerations. Further, it is unlikely that a manager has all of the expertise to directly manage on all identity dimensions, so outside expertise might be imperative. Prevalent examples of such cases are sub-optimal artist achievement owing to musical performance anxiety, its causes and consequences, and methods of alleviating severe problems and shortened life expectancy of popular musicians.
Futures prices reflect the price that both the buyer and the seller agree will be the price of a ... more Futures prices reflect the price that both the buyer and the seller agree will be the price of a commodity upon delivery. Therefore, these prices provide direct information about investor’s expectations about the future price of the commodity of interest. This purpose of this research is two-fold. First, the research investigates the predictive accuracy and biasedness of futures prices predictions from reverse regression using in-sample criteria as well as from the performance of the models based upon ex post forecasts generated by alternative time series models. Second, following earlier investigations, an effort is made to understand the extent to which the spot energy (oil) price contains information content in the current period useful for predicting the forward-looking variable. The working hypothesis is that both own-commodity spot prices and spot energy (oil) prices are significant predictors of future commodity prices at alternative leads (lags).
This research is focused on the “reverse” relationships between spot and futures markets with par... more This research is focused on the “reverse” relationships between spot and futures markets with particular attention given to the interrelationships between markets for food commodities and energy. The study is interesting for reasons of economics and political science particularly as concerns “oil for food” agreements. Acknowledging the many empirical tests of efficient markets, this study lends insight into the empirical validity of reverse regressions hypothesizing that spot prices today contain information useful for predicting forward rates in the future. This paper analyzes the possible relationship between selected futures prices and spot oil prices considering the importance of the effects of temporal aggregation as well as alternative model specifications and assumptions on the distributions of residuals. In addition to the assumption of normality, the paper considers use of a fat-tailed distribution (multivariate t-distribution) to examine the robustness of results that are based on the normality assumption. Finally, models are compared in terms of ex post predictive validity.
This paper builds upon theories of disruptive innovation and suggests a holistic approach for ana... more This paper builds upon theories of disruptive innovation and suggests a holistic approach for analysis bridging techno-supply-push (TSP) and user-demand-pull (UDP) interaction. Disruptive innovation is a consequence of both supply and demand side interactions. The paper clarifies the dynamic and interactive nature of innovation. An important factor in understanding outcomes from the two-sided nature of the market relates not so much to the origin of ideation, but to the bargaining process and the relative strength of the players. The paper points toward bargaining structures related to the even-swaps model. Examples are included in the paper as are management implications.
Applying the concept of “orchestration” to investigation of business issues associated with onlin... more Applying the concept of “orchestration” to investigation of business issues associated with online business networking. The key research questions raised in the paper are whether social media networking for emerging musicians is a viable means to attain value and what kind of means are available to independent music businesses to achieve success through the use of social media. The paper emphasizes “orchestration” as the management of creative combinations of content, marketing tools and techniques for success. The issues of online relationship management are addressed in the context of knowledge mobility, appropriability and network stability.
After presenting a status quo of the music business for emerging artists, this paper draws on cas... more After presenting a status quo of the music business for emerging artists, this paper draws on case study research (two cases) and research undertaken in the field innovation communication, as a new communication field in the Open Innovation economy, to answer the main research question “How can emerging artists be successful on the market from a communication / promotion perspective?” Based on the literature review and the main findings of our case studies, this paper has presented a new capability-based management approach of innovation communication for emerging artists. In particular on a collaborative level, innovation communication may represent a new field of communication (1) to carry out transactional communication with various knowledge-empowered stakeholder groups about ideas, emerging issues, and novelties; (2) to coordinate several activities, resources, capacities for re-invention and change; and (3) to go beyond boundaries for long-term market success. Our results thus so far suggest that many emerging artists find it very difficult to move beyond the operation all levels (at best).
Working Paper - Musical Performance: In Pursuit of a Collective Definition, 2022
This research proposes to come to terms with musical performance. An inclusive definition of musi... more This research proposes to come to terms with musical performance. An inclusive definition of musical performance is sought, which can provide a basis for further investigation into other issues concerning other disciplines within the performing arts. The authors feel compelled to propose an inclusive understanding of performance-as-event prior to pursuing other matters including meaning. The point of departure for this research is a sociological perspective (McCormick, 2006) in which musical performance is considered as a social process, and as such, a consequence of historical evolution of social structures leading to the modern social situation. The scholarship of Godlovitch (1993, 1998), Small (1998), Kivy (1995, 2002), and D. Davies (2011) are considered as are contributions of other researchers as deemed appropriate . Keeping in mind that the purpose of what follows is to bring to the surface key ideas from the literature, with apologies, the authors recognize that there are omissions. The paper reviews thought leadership focused on defining musical performance and concludes with a tentative definition.
*This paper draws heavily from the author’s lecture notes and numerous discussions with colleagues and students including Karolina Nevoina, Savar Kahlon and Victoria Parker.
This paper studies changes in Suhag aesthetics brought on by the mediation of popular folk singer... more This paper studies changes in Suhag aesthetics brought on by the mediation of popular folk singers and address whether Suhag is a genre of Punjabi folk songs traditionally performed by groups of women as part of the wedding ritual cycle. The word Suhag derives from Suhagan, which means, a married woman. Suhag as a folk genre has roots in rural Punjab. As per custom, women of the bride's family and local community, across age demographics, gather in her to sing traditional songs leading up to and during wedding festivities. Over the years, the practice of these singing sessions has dwindled resulting in Suhags losing prominence, especially in relation to the more festive genres like boliyaan that are typically accompanied by gidda (a robust dance form). Part of the reason is change in marriage practices due to several factors such as urbanization, modernization and the village outward migration of Punjabis. Moreover, advancement in communication technology and women's improving position in Indian society, it may be argued, partially ameliorate the angst of separation experienced by a bride. Suhag passed from the domain of amateur ritual music into that of commercial popular music, and as is often the case, conflicts arise from the juxtaposition of traditional and popular culture. To some extent, Suhag has changed both aesthetically and in terms of original intent and function. On the basis of interviews, available documents, this paper analyzes evident changes, and to some extent, underlying social factors.
The purpose of this chapter is twofold. First, it is intended to deepen and broaden the understan... more The purpose of this chapter is twofold. First, it is intended to deepen and broaden the understanding of group work and the effectiveness of achieving learning and performance benefits from collaborative task-based activities. Studies of artistic organizations are useful for improving the knowledge about how those organizations operate and perform as well as informing other disciplines and organizations. Second, the chapter is focused specifically on the applicability of group work applied to music ensembles of mid- to large sizes.
International Symposium on Performance Science, 2023
The motivation for this study is wanting to better understand in the context of the performing ar... more The motivation for this study is wanting to better understand in the context of the performing arts the relationship between one’s self-identity, horizons, and consequently, communication over time. Pan, Lu, Wang and Chau (2017, p. 76) point out, “In psychology, self-identity is defined as a cognitive construct of the self that answers the question “who am I?”. Self-identity focuses on characteristics of an individual that separate her from others. Social categories such as groups, relationships, and personal characteristics could become part of self-identity to the extent that people use them to define themselves.” It is an underlying position of this article that however complex, through behavior, self-identity is implicitly or explicitly communicated.
International Symposium on Performance Science, 2021
This presentation is concerned with the consequences of the 2020 pandemic with the focus on class... more This presentation is concerned with the consequences of the 2020 pandemic with the focus on classical dancers. The pandemic and associated public policy measures such as mandatory confinement have had devastating and reverberating sociological, economic and psychological ramifications for entertainment in general and for its network of participants, i.e., performers, intermediaries and audiences (Douglas et al., 2020). Disruptions in the ecosystem jeopardizing the stability of interconnected and interdependent activities and societal functions are only partially understood. So too, are the consequences of containment, suppression, and mitigation measures.
Interview data are collected using semi-structured interviews with selected performing dancers currently employed by internationally recognized dance companies. The focus is on the current state of the artists with respect to psychosocial and physical constituents reported as a consequence of an extended period of restrictions. Self-perceptions of health, well-being and career potential will be considered. Implications for future study will conclude the paper.
Thispresentation focuses on changes in Suhag aesthetics brought on by the mediation of popular f... more Thispresentation focuses on changes in Suhag aesthetics brought on by the mediation of popular folk singers and address whether Suhag is a genre of Punjabi folk songs traditionally performed by groups of women as part of the wedding ritual cycle.
Presentation at conference sponsored by IESA and The University of Chicago, Paris focused on the ... more Presentation at conference sponsored by IESA and The University of Chicago, Paris focused on the effects of COVID-19 on the performing arts and culture.
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Papers by Phil Cartwright
*This paper draws heavily from the author’s lecture notes and numerous discussions with colleagues and students including Karolina Nevoina, Savar Kahlon and Victoria Parker.
Interview data are collected using semi-structured interviews with selected performing dancers currently employed by internationally recognized dance companies. The focus is on the current state of the artists with respect to psychosocial and physical constituents reported as a consequence of an extended period of restrictions. Self-perceptions of health, well-being and career potential will be considered. Implications for future study will conclude the paper.