The paper offers speculations and inferences about linguistic synaesthesia and the synaesthetic metaphor. Being a predominant form of linguistic synaesthesia, synaesthetic metaphors make up a specific class of metaphors where the both... more
The paper offers speculations and inferences about linguistic synaesthesia and the synaesthetic metaphor. Being a predominant form of linguistic synaesthesia, synaesthetic metaphors make up a specific class of metaphors where the both domains pertain to perception. Despite the attempts to develop concepts explaining translation patterns for encoding linguistic synaesthesia in target languages, there are still no well-designed classifications of translation strategies. Thus, the study aimed to fill the gap and elicit cognitive patterns and strategies used by English-speaking translators when confronted with Russian synaesthetic metaphors. The paper also focuses on the problem of detecting universals and shifts in understanding intermodal relations across languages and across individual translators. The novelty of the study consists in the development of the original typology of translation patterns and strategies used for synaesthetic metaphors. The combination of several methods developed by different theories, i.e. Frame Semantics, Conceptual Metaphor Theory and Metaphor Translation Studies, was first applied for the study of the synaesthetic metaphor. Such an approach allowed to elicit eight major translation strategies ranging from full or partial reproduction of the intended synaesthesia to a full loss of any synaesthetic effect when the original synaesthetic metaphors were translated into hypallages, comparisons and non-metaphors. Synaesthetic shifts or even omissions of synaesthesia in translation can be accounted for by conceptual-cultural-verbal mismatches between the source and the target languages. However, synaesthesia often gets lost solely due to individual translation solutions, which is easily revealed when different translations of the same metaphor are compared.
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Spiritual and moral education of the student community is one of the topical subjects discussed by both the scientific community, public authorities and social organizations. Reading plays a particular role in this process. Firstly, it... more
Spiritual and moral education of the student community is one of the topical subjects discussed by both the scientific community, public authorities and social organizations. Reading plays a particular role in this process. Firstly, it serves as a tool for formation of moralities, secondly, it is a practice that facilitates socialization, and thirdly, reading is one of the basic values to transfer from generation to generation. Scientific literature has accumulated expertise in interdisciplinary analysis of reading practices. This paper presents the findings of the sociological survey conducted among Russian university students. The authors made conclusions about activity-related and axiological components of reading practices as far as university students are concerned. Students from three cities — Moscow, Volgograd and Astrakhan — shared their views on reading and then the opinion findings were submitted to comparative analysis. The research revealed common trends as well as peculiar reading practices of students from different cities. The research outlined the prospects for further investigation into reading practices as part of spiritual and moral education.
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The article considers the potential of propositional analysis in modelling denotative content of secondary texts, products of readers’ interpretation. In this research we applied the propositional method to analyze retellings and... more
The article considers the potential of propositional analysis in modelling denotative content of secondary texts, products of readers’ interpretation. In this research we applied the propositional method to analyze retellings and translations of a Russian fairy-tale by Turkmen speakers. By comparing propositional patterns of the original text and individual interpretations in the forms of retellings and translations we found a number of differences in the text event representation. The respondents failed to identify the main text event because the key predicates were eliminated and the roles of the character actants were mismatched, which, in turn, served as a barrier for understanding chronology and logic of the text situations and events.
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The article deals with the metaphoric city models in the professional discourse of Russian and American architects. The comparative analysis shows that the discourse of Russian architects includes frequent medical metaphors that associate... more
The article deals with the metaphoric city models in
the professional discourse of Russian and American
architects. The comparative analysis shows that the
discourse of Russian architects includes frequent
medical metaphors that associate a city with a sick
organism; American architects interpret a city as
an anthropomorphic essence with features and
properties of a human.
the professional discourse of Russian and American
architects. The comparative analysis shows that the
discourse of Russian architects includes frequent
medical metaphors that associate a city with a sick
organism; American architects interpret a city as
an anthropomorphic essence with features and
properties of a human.
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In the article we present our findings obtained from the analysis of translation strategies used for translation of synesthetic vocabulary of a literary text. For our investigation we used novels of I. A. Bunin and their English... more
In the article we present our findings obtained from the analysis of translation strategies used for translation of synesthetic vocabulary of a literary text. For our investigation we used novels of I. A. Bunin
and their English translations. We drew a conclusion based on the comparative analysis: the English
translators are more likely to disintegrate the original imagery by incorporating comparative constructions into their translations. The translators use comparison instead of the original synesthetic trope
(epithet or metaphor) and, as a result, intersensory relations get disrupted and the original imagery
loses its synesthetic feature. The research also showed relevance of the expansion strategy (with a color
word added to the translation) for interpretation of Russian synesthetic adjectives. Using this strategy,
the translators clarified the color attribution and retained the linguistic synesthesia.
and their English translations. We drew a conclusion based on the comparative analysis: the English
translators are more likely to disintegrate the original imagery by incorporating comparative constructions into their translations. The translators use comparison instead of the original synesthetic trope
(epithet or metaphor) and, as a result, intersensory relations get disrupted and the original imagery
loses its synesthetic feature. The research also showed relevance of the expansion strategy (with a color
word added to the translation) for interpretation of Russian synesthetic adjectives. Using this strategy,
the translators clarified the color attribution and retained the linguistic synesthesia.
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The article identifies the main areas of cooperation between Russia and Kazakhstan in the Caspian Sea region. As the most promising, we see cooperation in fuel and energy industry, military cooperation and humanitarian cooperation in... more
The article identifies the main areas of cooperation between Russia and Kazakhstan in the Caspian Sea region. As the most promising, we see cooperation in fuel and energy industry, military cooperation and humanitarian cooperation in science and higher education. Yet, Russia now has to compete with Turkey and China for the influence in the region, as Kazakhstan tends to promote multi-vector foreign policy. Moreover, the US and the EU share a strong determination to keep Kazakhstan’s fuel and energy industry under their total control, and this is the reason why they maintain sanctions policy in this territory. We conclude that Russia-Kazakhstan relations have a potential for constructive cooperation.
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The features of reading habits and their transformation are the subject of interdisciplinary scientific analysis, as well as of a broad public discussion about the effective response of the Russian state to the challenges of a technogenic... more
The features of reading habits and their transformation are the subject of interdisciplinary scientific analysis, as well as of a broad public discussion about the effective response of the Russian state to the challenges of a technogenic society. The areas of sociological reflection on this phenomenon are quite broad, such as the reading crisis, interest in books, the impact of globalization, e-books and other electronic formats for reading. Sociological analysis allows finding answers to questions about the state and features of reading habits as a component of social capital, the social quality of specific geographical, social and demographic groups. Bookishness (love and respect for books) is an important feature of the Russian mentality, an indicator of socio-cultural continuity, which is why the study of reading habits of modern Russian students' culture acquires particular relevance. This article presents the results of a sociological research conducted in Astrakhan and Volgograd (2016, 2019), as well as in Moscow (2019). These empirical studies provide insights into the main trends in the dynamics of the reading habits of modern Russian students, and help to conduct a comparative analysis of these habits of Russian cities' students, among other things in terms of socio-cultural space levels (the “core - periphery” coordinate system). We identified the dominance of the axiological component of reading habits; determined that classical literature is the basis of the content structure of reading; noted that the frequency of reading habits falls with decreasing population of the settlement - people read more in Moscow, less in the province. We think it would be promising to use the results and conclusions in monitoring studies and sociological projects on similar topics in other regions, and to continue studying the obtained results in the framework of interdisciplinary analysis.
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The current study views reading as a component of moral education of students. Reading has the following functions: it serves as a tool for moralities formation; it is a practice facilitating socialization; it is one of the basic values... more
The current study views reading as a component of moral education of students. Reading has the following functions: it serves as a tool for moralities formation; it is a practice facilitating socialization; it is one of the basic values to transfer from generation to generation. This paper presents the findings of a sociological survey with Russian university students as the target group. We analyze peculiar aspects of students’ reading practices, including activity-oriented and axiological aspects. The study revealed common and peculiar reading trends.
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The article substantiates the relevance of the propositional approach to analysing the denotative structure of secondary texts as products of a reader’s interpretational activity. Stage-by-stage organization of the study has allowed the... more
The article substantiates the relevance of the propositional approach to analysing the denotative structure of secondary texts as products of a reader’s interpretational activity. Stage-by-stage organization of the study has allowed the authors to identify the denotations of the original and secondary texts and to discover inter-denotational relations. The research findings are as follows: the authors have developed propositional models of the original and secondary texts, modelled global propositions, concluded on the propositional content of secondary texts and identified possible causes of errors when interpreting the main event of a text.
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he paper considers the city signboard text from the position of linguistics and semiotics and defines the notion “city signboard” as a complex integrated multi-code message of a special type (text-primitive) that is characterized by the... more
he paper considers the city signboard text from the position of linguistics and semiotics and defines the notion “city signboard” as a complex integrated multi-code message of a special type (text-primitive) that is characterized by the main text-forming features, namely, cohesion, coherence, informativity and pragmatic effectiveness. The verbal part of the signboard text contains three types of signs, bearing a basic semantic load in the coherent text. The dominant component among these signs is the individual name of a commercial object that we call ergonym; the latter verbalizes cultural experience of the name author. The study of the signboard texts presenting commercial enterprises in Moscow and Astrakhan discovered natural and cultural codes involved in formation of these texts. Natural code appeals to the mental image of an object, formed on the basis of sensual experience. Cultural codes correlate with the system of values accepted in society. The author of the paper distinguishes historical, biblical, antique codes, codes of literature, music, a global code of network culture. It is noted that modern names of commercial objects are characterized by excessive personification, tendency to uniformity and a considerable proportion of unmotivated or slightly motivated names. It is emphasized that the hypertext of the city is open to expansion of new cultural codes.
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The article considers the problem of translating literary colouronyms from Russian into English. Scientific originality of the paper involves a new approach to studying colour term semantics: literary colouronyms are considered as a means... more
The article considers the problem of translating literary colouronyms from Russian into English. Scientific originality of the paper involves a new approach to studying colour term semantics: literary colouronyms are considered as a means to express intermedial relations. Relying on the conducted analysis, the researcher identifies the basic difficulties in translating authorial colouronyms: their synesthetic nature and complicated chromatic pattern of the original text.
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The present study results from integration of linguistic and sociological knowledge. Rich database obtained through the sociological survey acts as valuable data for further linguistic investigation. As the study object we took the... more
The present study results from integration of linguistic and sociological knowledge. Rich database obtained through the sociological survey acts as valuable data for further linguistic investigation. As the study object we took the utterances of respondents who participated in the second part of the sociological survey with university students as target group; the survey was carried out in three Russian regions — Moscow, Volgograd and Astrakhan. One of the questions in the questionnaire was “What literary character would you like to meet in person and why?” The respondents gave 869 detailed answers. Out of the total number the authors selected 224 responses regarding the figure of the desired partner in the imaginary meeting. The priority was given to the literary characters with the highest rates of popularity among the respondents. Cognitive scene “Meeting with a literary character” was modelled on the basis of propositions with focus on their permanent elements which are agent an...
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The research work under consideration contributes to the modelling of text comprehension strategies. High potential of such researches is determined by their scholarly and applied significance as, obviously, effectiveness of the modern... more
The research work under consideration contributes to the modelling of text comprehension strategies. High potential of such researches is determined by their scholarly and applied significance as, obviously, effectiveness of the modern reader is in relation to the individual set of the reader’s strategies. The article presents the findings of the experimental investigation into the reception of a text for English learners. The two test groups included senior school students and university students, the both are native speakers of Russian. While perceiving the text the test groups faced a “double communicative barrier” as the stimulus text contained gaps and the three options to fill the gaps were all incorrect. The language of the text was another barrier for non-English speakers. The test groups had to explain their choice of the option, these verbal comments served as the study data for further modelling of comprehension text strategies in two test groups differentiated by age and language competence. The research resulted in revealing interpretative strategies, detecting their nucleus and periphery, specifying strategies for each test group. The strategies modelled are mechanical re - coding (translation), re-phrasing, loose interpretation and logical analysis of linguistic forms.