Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, Jul 27, 2021
The current study aimed to investigate the effects of pomegranate peel and olive pomace supplemen... more The current study aimed to investigate the effects of pomegranate peel and olive pomace supplementation on the reproductive hormones, antioxidative status, reproductive capacity and maternal behaviour of rabbit does. Forty does were used for the experiments. The animals were randomly assigned to four groups of ten does. One group was fed on the control diet and was considered the control group (C). The second group was supplemented with 4.5% pomegranate peel in their diet (P), the third group was supplemented with 10% olive pomace in their diet (O), and the fourth group was supplemented with a mixture of pomegranate peel and olive pomace (PO). Compared with the control does, group P showed significantly increased serum levels of gonadotropic hormones and oestradiol‐17β two hours after mating, on the 20th day of lactation and after weaning; significantly increased progesterone levels at mid‐pregnancy; and significantly increased in prolactin levels on the 10th day of lactation. Additionally, the results revealed significant increases in total DNA, protein concentration, litter size, milk yield and nest traits of groups P and PO. In conclusion, pomegranate peel supplementation improves the reproductive performance of does and increases their antioxidant parameters.
Embryonic thermal manipulation was known as an effective protocol for improving post-hatch growth... more Embryonic thermal manipulation was known as an effective protocol for improving post-hatch growth performance and thermotolerance acquisition among avian species. Previously, we evaluated the impact of embryonic thermal manipulation of Japanese quail on embryonic development, hatchability, and post-hatch performance. We conducted the current study to furtherly elucidate the effects of thermal manipulations of Japanese quail embryos on internal organ weights, carcass traits, and meat quality parameters at post-hatch day 35. Quail eggs of control group were incubated at 37.7 °C and relative humidity (RH) 55%. Three thermally manipulated groups of quail eggs were incubated intermittently at 41°C and 65% RH intermittently (3 hours/day): the early embryonic group (TM1) was thermally challenged at embryonic day (ED6) to ED8, the late embryonic group (TM2) was thermally challenged at ED12-14, and early/late embryonic group (TM3) was thermally challenged in both time windows. Quail meat qua...
Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences
Background Clinostomiasis (yellow grub disease) is a disease of freshwater fish caused by the enc... more Background Clinostomiasis (yellow grub disease) is a disease of freshwater fish caused by the encysted metacercariae (EMC) of Clinostomum spp. showing retarded growth, unusual host behavior, and even death in fishes. Thus, the purpose of this study was to conduct an assessment of two selected plant extract: V. alternifolia and M. piperita oil extracts on tegument surface of C. phalacrocoracis metacercariae (MC) from T.zillii as utilisation of biodegradable, eco-friendly plant extracts in environmental remediation to avoid utilization of chemotherapy to control of parasitic diseases leading to potential long-term health risks on the environment and humans. Results The results of evaluation efficacy of plant oil extracts, namely V. alternifolia and M. piperita on C. phalacrocoracis MC infecting T. zillii, were dependent on dose and exposure time. The lethal concentrations caused by V. alternifolia extract were determined LC50 at (400 ppm/24 h), and contrarily, the worms from gp2 expos...
Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, Jul 27, 2021
The current study aimed to investigate the effects of pomegranate peel and olive pomace supplemen... more The current study aimed to investigate the effects of pomegranate peel and olive pomace supplementation on the reproductive hormones, antioxidative status, reproductive capacity and maternal behaviour of rabbit does. Forty does were used for the experiments. The animals were randomly assigned to four groups of ten does. One group was fed on the control diet and was considered the control group (C). The second group was supplemented with 4.5% pomegranate peel in their diet (P), the third group was supplemented with 10% olive pomace in their diet (O), and the fourth group was supplemented with a mixture of pomegranate peel and olive pomace (PO). Compared with the control does, group P showed significantly increased serum levels of gonadotropic hormones and oestradiol‐17β two hours after mating, on the 20th day of lactation and after weaning; significantly increased progesterone levels at mid‐pregnancy; and significantly increased in prolactin levels on the 10th day of lactation. Additionally, the results revealed significant increases in total DNA, protein concentration, litter size, milk yield and nest traits of groups P and PO. In conclusion, pomegranate peel supplementation improves the reproductive performance of does and increases their antioxidant parameters.
Embryonic thermal manipulation was known as an effective protocol for improving post-hatch growth... more Embryonic thermal manipulation was known as an effective protocol for improving post-hatch growth performance and thermotolerance acquisition among avian species. Previously, we evaluated the impact of embryonic thermal manipulation of Japanese quail on embryonic development, hatchability, and post-hatch performance. We conducted the current study to furtherly elucidate the effects of thermal manipulations of Japanese quail embryos on internal organ weights, carcass traits, and meat quality parameters at post-hatch day 35. Quail eggs of control group were incubated at 37.7 °C and relative humidity (RH) 55%. Three thermally manipulated groups of quail eggs were incubated intermittently at 41°C and 65% RH intermittently (3 hours/day): the early embryonic group (TM1) was thermally challenged at embryonic day (ED6) to ED8, the late embryonic group (TM2) was thermally challenged at ED12-14, and early/late embryonic group (TM3) was thermally challenged in both time windows. Quail meat qua...
Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences
Background Clinostomiasis (yellow grub disease) is a disease of freshwater fish caused by the enc... more Background Clinostomiasis (yellow grub disease) is a disease of freshwater fish caused by the encysted metacercariae (EMC) of Clinostomum spp. showing retarded growth, unusual host behavior, and even death in fishes. Thus, the purpose of this study was to conduct an assessment of two selected plant extract: V. alternifolia and M. piperita oil extracts on tegument surface of C. phalacrocoracis metacercariae (MC) from T.zillii as utilisation of biodegradable, eco-friendly plant extracts in environmental remediation to avoid utilization of chemotherapy to control of parasitic diseases leading to potential long-term health risks on the environment and humans. Results The results of evaluation efficacy of plant oil extracts, namely V. alternifolia and M. piperita on C. phalacrocoracis MC infecting T. zillii, were dependent on dose and exposure time. The lethal concentrations caused by V. alternifolia extract were determined LC50 at (400 ppm/24 h), and contrarily, the worms from gp2 expos...
The performance of different types of aerators respond differently to changes in water salinity. ... more The performance of different types of aerators respond differently to changes in water salinity. The aeration efficiency of vertical-pump aerators is not affected by water salinity. Salinities of 0 to 30 ppt have no obvious effects on oxygen transfer of Taiwan-style paddle wheel aerator either with two or four paddle wheels. However, diffused-air aeration systems such as propeller-aspirator-pump aerators are more efficient in brackish-water than in freshwater. Thus, this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of salinity on oxygenation by nanobubble devices.
The influence of salinity on aerator performance is a direct result of the influence of salinity on bubble size. Bubbles released by the propeller-aspirator-pump aerators were much smaller at salinities of 10 ppt and above than at lower salinities Nevertheless, above a salinity of 10 ppt, there was no enhancement in standard aeration efficiency (SAE) with increasing salinity. Moreover, performance of aerators is influenced by test tank geometry. Using small tanks in the freshwater tests results in lower SAE values. However, test tank geometry would not affect the influence of salinity on oxygen transfer, because bubble size is not related to tank geometry but to salinity.
For MNBs, salinity has no influence on their size, but does have a great impact on their performance. In different salinities, MNBs are negatively charged, which allows them to successfully adsorb positively charged microorganism. Moreover, when the bubble collapses, the ion concentration around the gas-water interface increases, resulting in radical generation, which may be related to the biological activity. The greater the dissolved oxygen enhancement, the shorter the bubble stagnation time is achieved at the salinity of 0.7 g/L compared to those at higher salinities.
Aeration is increasingly used to improve water quality and increase yields in aquaculture ponds. ... more Aeration is increasingly used to improve water quality and increase yields in aquaculture ponds. Surface aerators increase oxygenation by creating a greater area of contact between water and air –a process that also favors higher evaporation rate.Evaporation results in heat loss from water bodies; therefore, it affects temperature that is an important factor determining the growth rate of fish. Despite the importance of water temperature on fish growth and the increase in water use associated with greater evaporation, little is known about the increase in evaporation caused by aeration. This study evaluated the influence of aeration on evaporation and water temperature in ponds, and compared effects of different types of aerators on pond evaporation and water temperature. Water loss by evaporation and water temperature were monitored in ponds with different rates of aeration (9.2, 18.4, 27.6and 36.9 kW/ha) during the first year of the study. In the second year, the effects of different types of aerators on evaporative loss and water temperature were measured. Both surface water temperature and temperature at a 70 cm depth were different for ponds with different numbers of 0.37-kW vertical pump aerators (p< 0.0001). The decreases in surface water temperature with 9.2 kW/ha or 18.4 kW/ha of aeration with paddlewheel aerators were more than that of both rates of 'h'-unit™aerators and non-fertilized control ponds (p< 0.001). An aeration rate of 18.4 kW/ha by the Air-O-Lator, paddlewheel and ‘h’-unit™aerators resulted in 57.49 %, 54.24 % and 9.45 % increase in pond evaporation respectively.
Ecologists require standardized, ecologically relevant information on the thermal ecology of aqua... more Ecologists require standardized, ecologically relevant information on the thermal ecology of aquatic ectotherms to address growing concerns related to changing climates, altered habitats, and introduced species. We measured multiple thermal endpoints to investigate potential for establishment of the invasive Ringed Crayfish (Faxonius neglectus) in thermally heterogeneous habitat of the narrowly distributed endemic Coldwater Crayfish (Faxonius eupunctus). For each species, we examined the relationships between thermal endpoints at the cellular and organismal levels. We then compared results between the two species to gain insight as to the generality of linkages between cellular and organismal-level endpoints, as well as the potential for thermal niche separation between the native and potential invader. At the cellular level, we found no differences in the temperature for maximum activity of electron transport system enzymes (ETSmax) between species. At the organismal level, F. neglectus preferred significantly warmer temperatures than F. eupunctus, but this difference was small (1.3 °C) and likely to have only limited biological significance. The critical thermal maximum (CTM) did not differ between species. For both species, the thermal performance curve for ETS enzyme activity served as a useful framework to link thermal endpoints and estimate the transition from optimal to stressful temperatures — organismal thermal preference and optimal temperature estimates consistently fell below ETSmax whereas CTM estimates fell above ETSmax. Taken together, the strong similarities in thermal endpoint patterns between the two species suggest habitats thermally suitable for the native F. eupunctus will also be thermally available to expanding populations of F. neglectus, thereby increasing the opportunity for negative interactions and population effects if F. neglectus invades one of the few remaining, uninvaded, critical habitats of F. eupunctus.
Abstract Fish-borne zoonotic trematodes (FBZT) are extremely important zoonotically and can infec... more Abstract Fish-borne zoonotic trematodes (FBZT) are extremely important zoonotically and can infect humans via the consumption of poorly cooked fish containing active metacercariae. In this context, the present study aimed to update the epidemiological information of FBZT among Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) collected from Giza and Fayoum Governorates. Concerning the molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of adult flukes from experimentally infected pigeons and histopathological alterations of both larval and adult trematode flukes. Oreochromis niloticus were found to be infected with different encysted metacercaria (EMC); Prohemistomum, Haplorchis and Pygidiopsis species from wild caught in Giza and farmed fish in Fayoum with the total mean of prevalence that 81.89 ± 6.48, 18.03 ± 2.9 and 34.64 ± 3.42 respectively. Three recovered flukes from experimentally infected domestic pigeons (Columba livia domestica); Prohemistomum vivax, Haplorchis pumilio and Pygidiopsis genata in their small intestine. First molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of heterophyid flukes; P. genata and H. pumilio. The sequences obtained in this study were registered in the GenBank with accession numbers (MT672308.1 and MT707975.1) respectively. Moreover, constructing a phylogeny and phylogenetic relationships between two heterophyid species was performed through analytic study of the second internal transcribed spacer nuclear ribosomal genes (rDNA-ITS2). Phylogenetic analysis of P. genata and H. pumilio showed 99.42\% nucleotide similarity with that sequence from Israel (AY245710) and 99.71\% from Vietnam (EU826636.1). In addition, histopathological alterations of EMC and adult flukes induced necrosis of fish muscle bundles and a severe inflammatory response with muscular necrosis in intestinal tract of infected pigeons.
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Papers by Hisham A . Abdelrahman
The influence of salinity on aerator performance is a direct result of the influence of salinity on bubble size. Bubbles released by the propeller-aspirator-pump aerators were much smaller at salinities of 10 ppt and above than at lower salinities Nevertheless, above a salinity of 10 ppt, there was no enhancement in standard aeration efficiency (SAE) with increasing salinity. Moreover, performance of aerators is influenced by test tank geometry. Using small tanks in the freshwater tests results in lower SAE values. However, test tank geometry would not affect the influence of salinity on oxygen transfer, because bubble size is not related to tank geometry but to salinity.
For MNBs, salinity has no influence on their size, but does have a great impact on their performance. In different salinities, MNBs are negatively charged, which allows them to successfully adsorb positively charged microorganism. Moreover, when the bubble collapses, the ion concentration around the gas-water interface increases, resulting in radical generation, which may be related to the biological activity. The greater the dissolved oxygen enhancement, the shorter the bubble stagnation time is achieved at the salinity of 0.7 g/L compared to those at higher salinities.
Influences of Different Types and Rates of Mechanical Aeration on Water Temperature and Evaporation Rate in Aquaculture Ponds. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/293175635_Influences_of_Different_Types_and_Rates_of_Mechanical_Aeration_on_Water_Temperature_and_Evaporation_Rate_in_Aquaculture_Ponds [accessed Feb 9, 2016].