Islamic Studies

ABSTRACT

The majority of walisongo come from abroad. The background of their arrival in Java gave rise to polemics. The first opinion states that they went to Java by chance. The second opinion is based on information from Kanzul Ulum that they went to Java because they were recruited by the Ottoman Empire. This research uses the Philosophy of History method which combines an empirical scientific paradigm and a speculative philosophical paradigm.
The result of this study is that both opinions can be associated with cycle patterns. The difference is that the first opinion tends to be the same as Augustine's version of the Fatum Law which is centered on the hereafter. While the second opinion tends to be the same as Ibn Khaldun's version of Fatum Law which is not only related to the hereafter but also the process of educating people who fight for their society. The driving factors that give rise to these two opinions can also be related to the hadith that motivates Muslims to preach. If its meaning is associated with the Law of Fatum Augustine, then there is no need for recruitment because anyone must be ready to carry it out. However, if it is associated with the Fatum Law of Ibn Khaldun, the recruitment is significant to prepare better Human Resources than before. The ultimate goal of the historical process is its synthesis.
The conclusion is that these two opinions are complementary and interrelated, because they are both part of the cycle pattern of the spread of Islam in Java since the 13th century. The first speculation focuses on the spread of Islam during the walisongo period in the 15th-16th centuries, while the second speculation discusses the plan to recruit walisongo that has started since the 14th century.

Keywords:
polemic, Kanzul Ulum, the background of Walisongo's arrival,
Philosophy of History

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