Carme (moon)

Carme
Discovery
Discovered by	S. B. Nicholson
Discovery date	July 30, 1938
Orbital characteristics
Mean orbit radius	23,400,000 km
Eccentricity	0.25
Orbital period	702.28 d (2.045 a)
Average orbital speed	2.253 km/s
Inclination	164.91° (to the ecliptic); 167.53° (to Jupiter's equator)
Satellite of	Jupiter
Physical characteristics
Mean radius	23 km
Surface area	~6600 km²
Volume	~51,000 km³
Mass	1.3×1017 kg
Mean density	2.6 g/cm³ (assumed)
Surface gravity	~0.017 m/s2 (0.0017 g)
Escape velocity	~0.028 km/s
Albedo	0.04 (assumed)
Temperature	~124 K

Carme is a retrograde non-spherical moon of Jupiter. It was found by Seth Barnes Nicholson at Mount Wilson Observatory in California in July 1938.^[1] It is named after the mythological Carme, mother by Zeus of Britomartis, a Cretan goddess.

Carme did not get its present name until 1975;^[3] before then, it was simply known as Jupiter XI. It was sometimes called "Pan"^[4] between 1955 and 1975. Note that Pan is now the name of a moon of Saturn.

It gives its name to the Carme group, made up of non-spherical retrograde moons orbiting Jupiter at a distance ranging between 23,000,000 and 24,000,000 km and at an inclination of about 165°. Its orbital elements are as of January 2000.^[2] They are changing a lot due to Solar and planetary perturbations.

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Nicholson, S. B. (1938). "Two New Satellites of Jupiter". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 50: 292–293. doi:10.1086/124963. S2CID 120216615.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 Jacobson, R. A. (2000). "The Orbits of Outer Jovian Satellites". Astronomical Journal. 120 (5): 2679–2686. doi:10.1086/316817. S2CID 120372170.
↑ IAUC 2846: Satellites of Jupiter 1974 October 7 (naming the moon)
↑ Payne-Gaposchkin, Cecilia; Katherine Haramundanis (1970). Introduction to Astronomy. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall. ISBN 0-134-78107-4.

Other websites

Carme Profile Archived 2007-06-08 at the Wayback Machine by NASA's Solar System Exploration
David Jewitt pages
Scott Sheppard pages

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[Nicholson_1938-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Nicholson, S. B. (1938). "Two New Satellites of Jupiter". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 50: 292–293. doi:10.1086/124963. S2CID 120216615.

[Jacobson_2000-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 Jacobson, R. A. (2000). "The Orbits of Outer Jovian Satellites". Astronomical Journal. 120 (5): 2679–2686. doi:10.1086/316817. S2CID 120372170.

[3] IAUC 2846: Satellites of Jupiter 1974 October 7 (naming the moon)

[Gaposchkin-4] Payne-Gaposchkin, Cecilia; Katherine Haramundanis (1970). Introduction to Astronomy. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall. ISBN 0-134-78107-4.

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v t e Moons of Jupiter
Listed in increasing approximate distance from Jupiter
Inner moons (4)	Metis Adrastea Amalthea Thebe
Galilean moons (4)	Io Europa Ganymede Callisto
Themisto group (1)	Themisto
Himalia group (9)	Leda Ersa S/2018 J 2 Himalia Pandia Lysithea Elara S/2011 J 3 Dia
Carpo group (2)	S/2018 J 4 Carpo
Valetudo group (1)	Valetudo
Ananke group (26)	Euporie Jupiter LV Eupheme S/2021 J 3 Jupiter LII Jupiter LIV Mneme Euanthe S/2003 J 16 Harpalyke Orthosie S/2022 J 3 Helike S/2021 J 2 Praxidike Jupiter LXIV S/2021 J 1 S/2003 J 12 Jupiter LXVIII Thelxinoe Thyone S/2003 J 2 Ananke Iocaste Hermippe Jupiter LXX
Carme group (30)	S/2022 J 1 S/2022 J 2 S/2016 J 3 Pasithee Jupiter LXIX S/2021 J 6 S/2003 J 24 Chaldene Jupiter LXIII Isonoe S/2021 J 4 Kallichore Erinome Kale Eirene Aitne Eukelade Arche Taygete Jupiter LXXII Carme Herse Jupiter LXI Jupiter LI S/2003 J 9 Jupiter LXVI Kalyke S/2018 J 3 S/2021 J 5 S/2003 J 10
Pasiphaë group (18)	Philophrosyne Eurydome Jupiter LVI S/2003 J 4 S/2016 J 4 Jupiter LXVII Hegemone Pasiphaë Sponde Megaclite Cyllene Sinope Jupiter LIX Aoede Autonoe Callirrhoe S/2003 J 23 Kore
Related page	Rings of Jupiter
Category