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Research Interests:
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Evolutionary Psychopharmacology, Mental Disorders, and Ethical Behavior STEFANO CANALI, GABRIELE DE ANNA, AND LUCA PANI The concept of pathology has a built-in normative character. An individual (or a state) is pathological if and only if... more
Evolutionary Psychopharmacology, Mental Disorders, and Ethical Behavior STEFANO CANALI, GABRIELE DE ANNA, AND LUCA PANI The concept of pathology has a built-in normative character. An individual (or a state) is pathological if and only if it is not normal, that is, if it ...
This paper aims to shed light on Italian contribution to the origins of malaria hypothesis, also known as Haldane hypothesis. The first studies on the association between hemoglobinopathies and malaria, in fact, were done in Italy since... more
This paper aims to shed light on Italian contribution to the origins of malaria hypothesis, also known as Haldane hypothesis. The first studies on the association between hemoglobinopathies and malaria, in fact, were done in Italy since the end of the 1920s. These studies tried to explain the correlation between malaria and thalassemia observed by clinicians in various Italian regions. Later, since the beginning of the 1940s, this singular correlation was documented by thorough and wide-ranging epidemiological researches that revealed a strong geographic correspondence between the frequency of the thalassemic features and endemic malaria in Italy. These researches raised clearly the question of maintaining the frequency of a gene that, at the time, doomed homozygotes to death within the first two years of life. In 1948, Silvestroni, Bianco and Montalenti started investigating the causes of the persistence of the thalassemic foci in Italy. In 1949 J.B.S. Haldane finally hypothised fo...
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The paper reconstructs the investigations and the debates on thalassemia intermedia in Italy from 1925 to the end of the 1940s. It examines particularly the contribution of the studies of Ezio Silvestroni and Ida Bianco to the... more
The paper reconstructs the investigations and the debates on thalassemia intermedia in Italy from 1925 to the end of the 1940s. It examines particularly the contribution of the studies of Ezio Silvestroni and Ida Bianco to the identification of clinical features and etiological bases of thalassemia intermedia and consequently the nature of its relationships with Cooley's disease.
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The essay reconstructs the antithalassemia campaign carried out by means of population screening and pre-marriage counseling for about twenty years in Italy, immediately after the relationship between microcythemia and Cooley's anemia... more
The essay reconstructs the antithalassemia campaign carried out by means of population screening and pre-marriage counseling for about twenty years in Italy, immediately after the relationship between microcythemia and Cooley's anemia had been established, as well as its genetic bases. We examine the Italian contributions to the understanding of the genetics and of the clinical treatment of thalassemic disorders, and analyze the approaches to prevention as well as the results obtained by the first campaign against a genetic disease, conceived and largely implemented in Italy by Ezio Silvestroni and Ida Bianco. We discuss the resistances met by the antithalassemia campaign due to the cultural and organizational backwardness of the Italian medical community and of the public health system. Moreover we analyze the explanations and interpretations of the problematic results of these experiences in terms of morbidity reduction. It will be pointed out that the objective of genetic cou...
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This paper aims to shed light on Italian contribution to the origins of malaria hypothesis, also known as Haldane hypothesis. The first studies on the association between hemoglobinopathies and malaria, in fact, were done in Italy since... more
This paper aims to shed light on Italian contribution to the origins of malaria hypothesis, also known as Haldane hypothesis. The first studies on the association between hemoglobinopathies and malaria, in fact, were done in Italy since the end of the 1920s. These studies tried to explain the correlation between malaria and thalassemia observed by clinicians in various Italian regions. Later, since the beginning of the 1940s, this singular correlation was documented by thorough and wide-ranging epidemiological researches that revealed a strong geographic correspondence between the frequency of the thalassemic features and endemic malaria in Italy. These researches raised clearly the question of maintaining the frequency of a gene that, at the time, doomed homozygotes to death within the first two years of life. In 1948, Silvestroni, Bianco and Montalenti started investigating the causes of the persistence of the thalassemic foci in Italy. In 1949 J.B.S. Haldane finally hypothised fo...
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... Standard Article. Bovet, Daniel (1907–1992). Stefano Canali. Published Online: 15 AUG 2007. DOI: 10.1002/9780471743989.vse9838. Copyright © 2002 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Book Title. Van Nostrand's Scientific... more
... Standard Article. Bovet, Daniel (1907–1992). Stefano Canali. Published Online: 15 AUG 2007. DOI: 10.1002/9780471743989.vse9838. Copyright © 2002 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Book Title. Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia. Additional Information. How to Cite. ...
Daniel Bovet was born in Neuchatel, Switzerland, and died in Rome. He studied natural science at the University of Geneva, where he gained the degree DSc in 1929 with a thesis on zoology and comparative anatomy. At the same university he... more
Daniel Bovet was born in Neuchatel, Switzerland, and died in Rome. He studied natural science at the University of Geneva, where he gained the degree DSc in 1929 with a thesis on zoology and comparative anatomy. At the same university he qualified as a professor in ...
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The foundation of C. N. R. in 1923 created in Italy a new public system of research, different from the university one. During fascism, the contribution of C. N. R. to the development of medical research in Italy was very poor. This was... more
The foundation of C. N. R. in 1923 created in Italy a new public system of research, different from the university one. During fascism, the contribution of C. N. R. to the development of medical research in Italy was very poor. This was mainly due to insufficient means: structures and money. Moreover, the scientists who carried on medical research within the C. N. R. were the same who already held strong university positions, which mean a complete dependence on the academic system. The ideology of fascism also contribute to the weakness of the Italian medical research promoted by the C. N. R.. According to fascist view, science, and for its nature and aims above all medicine, had to addressed to technical, practical, or much better, social achievements. Consequently, the policy of medical research at the C.N.R. was to improve social or political medicine, mainly hygiene. This was in harmony with the demographic policy, which means the policy of reinforcement of "Italian race&qu...