IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science
Amid the climate change and the worldwide catastrophes, witnessed on a daily, we find ourselves i... more Amid the climate change and the worldwide catastrophes, witnessed on a daily, we find ourselves in a time in which we need to start justifying any recourse and energy consumption, at least of which is not truly renewable. While the outside temperatures become more extreme, the inside environment becomes more relevant. The way we design and operate our buildings is directly influenced by current building standards and as we spend almost all our time indoors, our comfort, wellbeing and health are crucially affected by such. The last five decades have seen many approaches in establishing guidelines for a comfortable indoor environment. But while current standards favor the narrow temperature ranges of static homogeneous environments, they have been criticized for their high energy consumption and long-term health implications. The paper compares a typical office space with mechanical cooling with that of a passive strategy, by evaluating the energy consumption and health over comfort. ...
This paper presents the findings of a 6-week long, five-participant experiment in a controlled cl... more This paper presents the findings of a 6-week long, five-participant experiment in a controlled climate chamber. The experiment was designed to understand the effect of time on thermal behaviour, electrodermal activity (EDA) and the adaptive behavior of occupants in response to a thermal non-uniform indoor environment were continuously logged. The results of the 150 h-long longitudinal study suggested a significant difference in tonic EDA levels between “morning” and “afternoon” clusters although the environmental parameters were the same, suggesting a change in the human body’s thermal reception over time. The correlation of the EDA and temperature was greater for the afternoon cluster (r = 0.449, p < 0.001) in relation to the morning cluster (r = 0.332, p < 0.001). These findings showed a strong temporal dependency of the skin conductance level of the EDA to the operative temperature, following the person’s circadian rhythm. Even further, based on the person’s chronotype, the...
This study focuses on generating geometric design alternatives for an airport roof structure with... more This study focuses on generating geometric design alternatives for an airport roof structure with an evolutionary design method based on optimizing solar heat gain and daylight levels. The method incorporates a parametric 3D model of the building, a multi objective genetic algorithm that was linked with the model to iteratively test for various geometric solutions, a custom module that was developed to simulate solar conditions, and external energy simulation environments that was used to validate the outcomes. The integral outcome was achieved through an iterative workflow of many software tools, and the study is significant in dealing with several space typologies at the same time, taking real-life constraints such as applicability, ease of operation, construction loads into consideration, and satisfying design and aesthetic requirements of the architectural design team.
The physiological and cognitive effects of environmental stimuli from the built environment on hu... more The physiological and cognitive effects of environmental stimuli from the built environment on humans have been studied for more than a century, over short time frames in terms of comfort, and over long-time frames in terms of health and wellbeing. The strong interdependence of objective and subjective factors in these fields of study has traditionally involved the necessity to rely on a number of qualitative sources of information, as self-report variables, which however, raise criticisms concerning their reliability and precision. Recent advancements in sensing technology and data processing methodologies have strongly contributed towards a renewed interest in biometric data as a potential high-precision tool to study the physiological effects of selected stimuli on humans using more objective and real-time measures. Within this context, this review reports on a broader spectrum of available and advanced biosensing techniques used in the fields of building engineering, human physi...
Stakeholders in the construction industry are demonstrating their commitment to solve environment... more Stakeholders in the construction industry are demonstrating their commitment to solve environmental problems by building in a more environmentally friendly way through using environmental standards for their buildings. The construction sector’s sense of social responsibility is also generating a demand for certification systems to measure the environmental performance of buildings. This paper summarizes the approach used by some of these rating methods, demonstrates a comparative approach between these rating systems, and discusses the minimum conditions available in Turkey that will enable the effective use of these standards. The authors aim to provoke a discussion about whether Turkey needs its own green building accreditation system. They suggest developing a system which better aligns with sustainability principles and free flows of information based on the lessons learnt from other certification systems.
This paper presents the findings of a 6-week long, five-participant experiment in a controlled cl... more This paper presents the findings of a 6-week long, five-participant experiment in a controlled climate chamber. The experiment was designed to understand the effect of time on thermal behaviour, electrodermal activity (EDA) and the adaptive behavior of occupants in response to a thermal non-uniform indoor environment were continuously logged. The results of the 150 h-long longitudinal study suggested a significant difference in tonic EDA levels between “morning” and “afternoon” clusters although the environmental parameters were the same, suggesting a change in the human body’s thermal reception over time. The correlation of the EDA and temperature was greater for the afternoon cluster (r = 0.449, p < 0.001) in relation to the morning cluster (r = 0.332, p < 0.001). These findings showed a strong temporal dependency of the skin conductance level of the EDA to the operative temperature, following the person’s circadian rhythm. Even further, based on the person’s chronotype, the beginning of the “afternoon” cluster was observed to have shifted according to the person’s circadian rhythm. Furthermore, the study is able to show how the body reacts differently under the same PMV values, both within and between subjects; pointing to the lack of temporal parameter in the PMV model.
The physiological and cognitive effects of environmental stimuli from the built environment on hu... more The physiological and cognitive effects of environmental stimuli from the built environment on humans have been studied for more than a century, over short time frames in terms of comfort, and over long-time frames in terms of health and wellbeing. The strong interdependence of objective and subjective factors in these fields of study has traditionally involved the necessity to rely on a number of qualitative sources of information, as self-report variables, which however, raise criticisms concerning their reliability and precision. Recent advancements in sensing technology and data processing methodologies have strongly contributed towards a renewed interest in biometric data as a potential high-precision tool to study the physiological effects of selected stimuli on humans using more objective and real-time measures. Within this context, this review reports on a broader spectrum of available and advanced biosensing techniques used in the fields of building engineering, human physiology, neurology, and psychology. The interaction and interdependence between (i) indoor environmental parameters and (ii) biosignals identifying human physiological response to the environmental stressors are systematically explored. Online databases ScienceDirect, Scopus, MDPI and ResearchGate were scanned to gather all relevant publications in the last 20 years, identifying and listing tools and methods of biometric data collection, assessing the potentials and drawbacks of the most relevant techniques. The review aims to support the introduction of biomedical signals as a tool for understanding the physiological aspects of indoor comfort in the view of achieving an improved balance between human resilience and building resilience, addressing human indoor health as well as energetic and environmental building performance.
The physiological and cognitive effects of environmental stimuli from the built environment on hu... more The physiological and cognitive effects of environmental stimuli from the built environment on humans have been studied for more than a century, over short time frames in terms of comfort, and over long-time frames in terms of health and wellbeing. The strong interdependence of objective and subjective factors in these fields of study has traditionally involved the necessity to rely on a number of qualitative sources of information, as self-report variables, which however, raise criticisms concerning their reliability and precision. Recent advancements in sensing technology and data processing methodologies have strongly contributed towards a renewed interest in biometric data as a potential high-precision tool to study the physiological effects of selected stimuli on humans using more objective and real-time measures. Within this context, this review reports on a broader spectrum of available and advanced biosensing techniques used in the fields of building engineering, human physiology, neurology, and psychology. The interaction and interdependence between (i) indoor environmental parameters and (ii) biosignals identifying human physiological response to the environmental stressors are systematically explored. Online databases ScienceDirect, Scopus, MDPI and ResearchGate were scanned to gather all relevant publications in the last 20 years, identifying and listing tools and methods of biometric data collection, assessing the potentials and drawbacks of the most relevant techniques. The review aims to support the introduction of biomedical signals as a tool for understanding the physiological aspects of indoor comfort in the view of achieving an improved balance between human resilience and building resilience, addressing human indoor health as well as energetic and environmental building performance. Keywords: biometric data; biosignals; non-intrusive sensing; physiological metrics; environmental stimuli; stress detection; health; comfort
Cities generate data in increasing speed, volume and variety which is more easily accessed and pr... more Cities generate data in increasing speed, volume and variety which is more easily accessed and processed by the advance of technology every day. Consequently, the potential for this data to feedback into the city to improve living conditions and efficiency of utilizing resources grows. Departing from this potential, this paper presents a study that proposes methods to collect and visualize urban data with the aim of supporting urban design decisions. We employed web scraping techniques to collect a variety of publicly available data within the Kadıköy municipal boundaries of Istanbul and utilized a visual programming software to map and visualize this information. Through this method and superposition of our resulting maps, we visually communicate urban conditions including demographic and economic trends based on online real estate listings as well as spatial distribution and accessibility of public and commercial resources. We propose that this method and resulting visualizations present valuable potential in supporting urban design decision-making processes.
Uluslararasi Yesil Bina Sertifikalarina Bir Bakis: Turkiye icin bir Yesil Bina Sertifikasi Olusturmak icin Yol Haritasi
Bina Endustrisinin tum paydaslari cevre problemlerini cozme yoluna bas koyduklarini binalarini da... more Bina Endustrisinin tum paydaslari cevre problemlerini cozme yoluna bas koyduklarini binalarini daha cevre dostu yaparak ve gonullu basvurduklari sertifika sistemleri araciligiyla cevre dostu standartlara uygunluklarini gosteriyorlar. Yapi sektorunun sosyal sorumluluk anlayisi, sektorde tum paydaslarin; binalarin cevresel standartlari kullanarak yapilmasini talep etmesine neden oluyor. Bu makalenin amaci, bu cevresel standartlarin yaklasimlarini inceleyerek Turkiye’de bu sistemlerin en etkin sekilde kullanilmasi icin gerekli azami sartlari arastirmaktir. Yazarlar, Turkiye icin ozgun bir Yesil Bina sertifikasi olusturmanin gerekip, gerekmedigi
konusunda bir tartisma baslatmayi hedeflemektedirler. Yaptiklari arastirmanin sonucunda Turkiye’nin dunyada yaygin olarak kullanilan sistemleri inceleyerek ve bu sistemlerde elestirilen
kriterleri duzelterek, surdurulebilirlik ilkeleriyle daha cok ortusen bir sertifika sistemi olusturmasini tavsiye ederler.
There are many tools used to guide one to build and operate an actual green building. Green build... more There are many tools used to guide one to build and operate an actual green building. Green building certification systems such as LEED, BREEAM; energy performance certificates and computer aided simulation tools such as EnergyPlus, ESP-r, DOE2 or TRNSYS. All three tools cover different parts of guidance to design and operation of a green building: Simulation software helps to evaluate building’s energy performance, energy performance certificates use software tools’ results to declare a building’s energy performance to public, and certification systems expand the investigation further and require more input about the building, but embrace the outputs of simulation software in energy performance related modules of the whole system.
As energy performance certificates became mandatory, European countries had to develop their national calculation methodologies to simulate the building’s energy performance. Turkey recently developed a national calculation methodology and its software. Meanwhile, extending the encouragement for green building practices, Turkish Green Building Association is working with BRE to forge BREEAM-Turkey. As explained, seem different as they may, both two studies are connected and should be integrated.
In this article examined are the possibilities of the use of BEP-TR in energy modelling modules of BREEAM-Turkey.
This study focuses on generating geometric design alternatives for an airport roof structure with... more This study focuses on generating geometric design alternatives for an airport roof structure with an evolutionary design method based on optimizing solar heat gain and daylight levels. The method incorporates a parametric 3D model of the building, a multi objective genetic algorithm that was linked with the model to iteratively test for various geometric solutions, a custom module that was developed to simulate solar conditions, and external energy simulation environments that was used to validate the outcomes. The integral outcome was achieved through an iterative workflow of many software tools, and the study is significant in dealing with several space typologies at the same time, taking real-life constraints such as applicability, ease of operation, construction loads into consideration, and satisfying design and aesthetic requirements of the architectural design team. 1 Introduction and Motivation This paper presents a case study in which geometric design alternatives for an airport roof structure were generated with an evolutionary design method based on optimizing solar heat gain and daylight levels. Our method incorporates a parametric 3D model of the building, a multi objective genetic algorithm that was linked with the model to iteratively test for various geometric solutions, a custom module that was developed to simulate solar conditions, and external energy simulation environments that was used to validate the outcomes.
The building skin is where the interaction between indoor and outdoor environments takes place. T... more The building skin is where the interaction between indoor and outdoor environments takes place. The skin is a barrier that alters the conditions of these environments. The signs of intelligence start with the adaptive responses; a system that can adapt itself to the changes in its environments can be labelled as intelligent and the level of intelligence can be measured with the level of autonomy. The less dependent and more self-sufficient the skin is, the more intelligent it is.
Currently, there are two key ways to attribute intelligent behaviour to a skin: 1. Providing more autonomy while excluding the occupant and even the skin itself; 2. Including the occupant and using the skin as the main medium for intelligence, but offering little to none autonomy. While the latter is being promoted more and more in the current literature, it is still worthwhile to recognise that both approaches present various strengths and weaknesses and the second approach alone is not the solution. Also, autonomy is usually identified with mechanical systems and the potential of the skin itself being more autonomous is not being investigated further, while it seems that architectural design can offer a level of intelligence that is less complex, easier to maintain and less intimidating for occupants.
The intelligent skin is both a tool that we use in order to shape our comfortable environment, but at the same time it is like an autonomous organism that we create so that it will serve us. Mediating these two conflicting definitions is quite the task, but it is a necessity because choosing one over the other will doom us with dissatisfaction. If we choose the first, we will have to be our own servants and if we choose the second, we will be the unsatisfied customers of our own creations. With the right amount of the two, the skin can be the active servant and the passive tool at the same time.
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science
Amid the climate change and the worldwide catastrophes, witnessed on a daily, we find ourselves i... more Amid the climate change and the worldwide catastrophes, witnessed on a daily, we find ourselves in a time in which we need to start justifying any recourse and energy consumption, at least of which is not truly renewable. While the outside temperatures become more extreme, the inside environment becomes more relevant. The way we design and operate our buildings is directly influenced by current building standards and as we spend almost all our time indoors, our comfort, wellbeing and health are crucially affected by such. The last five decades have seen many approaches in establishing guidelines for a comfortable indoor environment. But while current standards favor the narrow temperature ranges of static homogeneous environments, they have been criticized for their high energy consumption and long-term health implications. The paper compares a typical office space with mechanical cooling with that of a passive strategy, by evaluating the energy consumption and health over comfort. ...
This paper presents the findings of a 6-week long, five-participant experiment in a controlled cl... more This paper presents the findings of a 6-week long, five-participant experiment in a controlled climate chamber. The experiment was designed to understand the effect of time on thermal behaviour, electrodermal activity (EDA) and the adaptive behavior of occupants in response to a thermal non-uniform indoor environment were continuously logged. The results of the 150 h-long longitudinal study suggested a significant difference in tonic EDA levels between “morning” and “afternoon” clusters although the environmental parameters were the same, suggesting a change in the human body’s thermal reception over time. The correlation of the EDA and temperature was greater for the afternoon cluster (r = 0.449, p < 0.001) in relation to the morning cluster (r = 0.332, p < 0.001). These findings showed a strong temporal dependency of the skin conductance level of the EDA to the operative temperature, following the person’s circadian rhythm. Even further, based on the person’s chronotype, the...
This study focuses on generating geometric design alternatives for an airport roof structure with... more This study focuses on generating geometric design alternatives for an airport roof structure with an evolutionary design method based on optimizing solar heat gain and daylight levels. The method incorporates a parametric 3D model of the building, a multi objective genetic algorithm that was linked with the model to iteratively test for various geometric solutions, a custom module that was developed to simulate solar conditions, and external energy simulation environments that was used to validate the outcomes. The integral outcome was achieved through an iterative workflow of many software tools, and the study is significant in dealing with several space typologies at the same time, taking real-life constraints such as applicability, ease of operation, construction loads into consideration, and satisfying design and aesthetic requirements of the architectural design team.
The physiological and cognitive effects of environmental stimuli from the built environment on hu... more The physiological and cognitive effects of environmental stimuli from the built environment on humans have been studied for more than a century, over short time frames in terms of comfort, and over long-time frames in terms of health and wellbeing. The strong interdependence of objective and subjective factors in these fields of study has traditionally involved the necessity to rely on a number of qualitative sources of information, as self-report variables, which however, raise criticisms concerning their reliability and precision. Recent advancements in sensing technology and data processing methodologies have strongly contributed towards a renewed interest in biometric data as a potential high-precision tool to study the physiological effects of selected stimuli on humans using more objective and real-time measures. Within this context, this review reports on a broader spectrum of available and advanced biosensing techniques used in the fields of building engineering, human physi...
Stakeholders in the construction industry are demonstrating their commitment to solve environment... more Stakeholders in the construction industry are demonstrating their commitment to solve environmental problems by building in a more environmentally friendly way through using environmental standards for their buildings. The construction sector’s sense of social responsibility is also generating a demand for certification systems to measure the environmental performance of buildings. This paper summarizes the approach used by some of these rating methods, demonstrates a comparative approach between these rating systems, and discusses the minimum conditions available in Turkey that will enable the effective use of these standards. The authors aim to provoke a discussion about whether Turkey needs its own green building accreditation system. They suggest developing a system which better aligns with sustainability principles and free flows of information based on the lessons learnt from other certification systems.
This paper presents the findings of a 6-week long, five-participant experiment in a controlled cl... more This paper presents the findings of a 6-week long, five-participant experiment in a controlled climate chamber. The experiment was designed to understand the effect of time on thermal behaviour, electrodermal activity (EDA) and the adaptive behavior of occupants in response to a thermal non-uniform indoor environment were continuously logged. The results of the 150 h-long longitudinal study suggested a significant difference in tonic EDA levels between “morning” and “afternoon” clusters although the environmental parameters were the same, suggesting a change in the human body’s thermal reception over time. The correlation of the EDA and temperature was greater for the afternoon cluster (r = 0.449, p < 0.001) in relation to the morning cluster (r = 0.332, p < 0.001). These findings showed a strong temporal dependency of the skin conductance level of the EDA to the operative temperature, following the person’s circadian rhythm. Even further, based on the person’s chronotype, the beginning of the “afternoon” cluster was observed to have shifted according to the person’s circadian rhythm. Furthermore, the study is able to show how the body reacts differently under the same PMV values, both within and between subjects; pointing to the lack of temporal parameter in the PMV model.
The physiological and cognitive effects of environmental stimuli from the built environment on hu... more The physiological and cognitive effects of environmental stimuli from the built environment on humans have been studied for more than a century, over short time frames in terms of comfort, and over long-time frames in terms of health and wellbeing. The strong interdependence of objective and subjective factors in these fields of study has traditionally involved the necessity to rely on a number of qualitative sources of information, as self-report variables, which however, raise criticisms concerning their reliability and precision. Recent advancements in sensing technology and data processing methodologies have strongly contributed towards a renewed interest in biometric data as a potential high-precision tool to study the physiological effects of selected stimuli on humans using more objective and real-time measures. Within this context, this review reports on a broader spectrum of available and advanced biosensing techniques used in the fields of building engineering, human physiology, neurology, and psychology. The interaction and interdependence between (i) indoor environmental parameters and (ii) biosignals identifying human physiological response to the environmental stressors are systematically explored. Online databases ScienceDirect, Scopus, MDPI and ResearchGate were scanned to gather all relevant publications in the last 20 years, identifying and listing tools and methods of biometric data collection, assessing the potentials and drawbacks of the most relevant techniques. The review aims to support the introduction of biomedical signals as a tool for understanding the physiological aspects of indoor comfort in the view of achieving an improved balance between human resilience and building resilience, addressing human indoor health as well as energetic and environmental building performance.
The physiological and cognitive effects of environmental stimuli from the built environment on hu... more The physiological and cognitive effects of environmental stimuli from the built environment on humans have been studied for more than a century, over short time frames in terms of comfort, and over long-time frames in terms of health and wellbeing. The strong interdependence of objective and subjective factors in these fields of study has traditionally involved the necessity to rely on a number of qualitative sources of information, as self-report variables, which however, raise criticisms concerning their reliability and precision. Recent advancements in sensing technology and data processing methodologies have strongly contributed towards a renewed interest in biometric data as a potential high-precision tool to study the physiological effects of selected stimuli on humans using more objective and real-time measures. Within this context, this review reports on a broader spectrum of available and advanced biosensing techniques used in the fields of building engineering, human physiology, neurology, and psychology. The interaction and interdependence between (i) indoor environmental parameters and (ii) biosignals identifying human physiological response to the environmental stressors are systematically explored. Online databases ScienceDirect, Scopus, MDPI and ResearchGate were scanned to gather all relevant publications in the last 20 years, identifying and listing tools and methods of biometric data collection, assessing the potentials and drawbacks of the most relevant techniques. The review aims to support the introduction of biomedical signals as a tool for understanding the physiological aspects of indoor comfort in the view of achieving an improved balance between human resilience and building resilience, addressing human indoor health as well as energetic and environmental building performance. Keywords: biometric data; biosignals; non-intrusive sensing; physiological metrics; environmental stimuli; stress detection; health; comfort
Cities generate data in increasing speed, volume and variety which is more easily accessed and pr... more Cities generate data in increasing speed, volume and variety which is more easily accessed and processed by the advance of technology every day. Consequently, the potential for this data to feedback into the city to improve living conditions and efficiency of utilizing resources grows. Departing from this potential, this paper presents a study that proposes methods to collect and visualize urban data with the aim of supporting urban design decisions. We employed web scraping techniques to collect a variety of publicly available data within the Kadıköy municipal boundaries of Istanbul and utilized a visual programming software to map and visualize this information. Through this method and superposition of our resulting maps, we visually communicate urban conditions including demographic and economic trends based on online real estate listings as well as spatial distribution and accessibility of public and commercial resources. We propose that this method and resulting visualizations present valuable potential in supporting urban design decision-making processes.
Uluslararasi Yesil Bina Sertifikalarina Bir Bakis: Turkiye icin bir Yesil Bina Sertifikasi Olusturmak icin Yol Haritasi
Bina Endustrisinin tum paydaslari cevre problemlerini cozme yoluna bas koyduklarini binalarini da... more Bina Endustrisinin tum paydaslari cevre problemlerini cozme yoluna bas koyduklarini binalarini daha cevre dostu yaparak ve gonullu basvurduklari sertifika sistemleri araciligiyla cevre dostu standartlara uygunluklarini gosteriyorlar. Yapi sektorunun sosyal sorumluluk anlayisi, sektorde tum paydaslarin; binalarin cevresel standartlari kullanarak yapilmasini talep etmesine neden oluyor. Bu makalenin amaci, bu cevresel standartlarin yaklasimlarini inceleyerek Turkiye’de bu sistemlerin en etkin sekilde kullanilmasi icin gerekli azami sartlari arastirmaktir. Yazarlar, Turkiye icin ozgun bir Yesil Bina sertifikasi olusturmanin gerekip, gerekmedigi
konusunda bir tartisma baslatmayi hedeflemektedirler. Yaptiklari arastirmanin sonucunda Turkiye’nin dunyada yaygin olarak kullanilan sistemleri inceleyerek ve bu sistemlerde elestirilen
kriterleri duzelterek, surdurulebilirlik ilkeleriyle daha cok ortusen bir sertifika sistemi olusturmasini tavsiye ederler.
There are many tools used to guide one to build and operate an actual green building. Green build... more There are many tools used to guide one to build and operate an actual green building. Green building certification systems such as LEED, BREEAM; energy performance certificates and computer aided simulation tools such as EnergyPlus, ESP-r, DOE2 or TRNSYS. All three tools cover different parts of guidance to design and operation of a green building: Simulation software helps to evaluate building’s energy performance, energy performance certificates use software tools’ results to declare a building’s energy performance to public, and certification systems expand the investigation further and require more input about the building, but embrace the outputs of simulation software in energy performance related modules of the whole system.
As energy performance certificates became mandatory, European countries had to develop their national calculation methodologies to simulate the building’s energy performance. Turkey recently developed a national calculation methodology and its software. Meanwhile, extending the encouragement for green building practices, Turkish Green Building Association is working with BRE to forge BREEAM-Turkey. As explained, seem different as they may, both two studies are connected and should be integrated.
In this article examined are the possibilities of the use of BEP-TR in energy modelling modules of BREEAM-Turkey.
This study focuses on generating geometric design alternatives for an airport roof structure with... more This study focuses on generating geometric design alternatives for an airport roof structure with an evolutionary design method based on optimizing solar heat gain and daylight levels. The method incorporates a parametric 3D model of the building, a multi objective genetic algorithm that was linked with the model to iteratively test for various geometric solutions, a custom module that was developed to simulate solar conditions, and external energy simulation environments that was used to validate the outcomes. The integral outcome was achieved through an iterative workflow of many software tools, and the study is significant in dealing with several space typologies at the same time, taking real-life constraints such as applicability, ease of operation, construction loads into consideration, and satisfying design and aesthetic requirements of the architectural design team. 1 Introduction and Motivation This paper presents a case study in which geometric design alternatives for an airport roof structure were generated with an evolutionary design method based on optimizing solar heat gain and daylight levels. Our method incorporates a parametric 3D model of the building, a multi objective genetic algorithm that was linked with the model to iteratively test for various geometric solutions, a custom module that was developed to simulate solar conditions, and external energy simulation environments that was used to validate the outcomes.
The building skin is where the interaction between indoor and outdoor environments takes place. T... more The building skin is where the interaction between indoor and outdoor environments takes place. The skin is a barrier that alters the conditions of these environments. The signs of intelligence start with the adaptive responses; a system that can adapt itself to the changes in its environments can be labelled as intelligent and the level of intelligence can be measured with the level of autonomy. The less dependent and more self-sufficient the skin is, the more intelligent it is.
Currently, there are two key ways to attribute intelligent behaviour to a skin: 1. Providing more autonomy while excluding the occupant and even the skin itself; 2. Including the occupant and using the skin as the main medium for intelligence, but offering little to none autonomy. While the latter is being promoted more and more in the current literature, it is still worthwhile to recognise that both approaches present various strengths and weaknesses and the second approach alone is not the solution. Also, autonomy is usually identified with mechanical systems and the potential of the skin itself being more autonomous is not being investigated further, while it seems that architectural design can offer a level of intelligence that is less complex, easier to maintain and less intimidating for occupants.
The intelligent skin is both a tool that we use in order to shape our comfortable environment, but at the same time it is like an autonomous organism that we create so that it will serve us. Mediating these two conflicting definitions is quite the task, but it is a necessity because choosing one over the other will doom us with dissatisfaction. If we choose the first, we will have to be our own servants and if we choose the second, we will be the unsatisfied customers of our own creations. With the right amount of the two, the skin can be the active servant and the passive tool at the same time.
Yeşil bina değerlendirme sistemleri, Türkiye’de son birkaç yılda gündeme gelmeye başlamış, hızla ... more Yeşil bina değerlendirme sistemleri, Türkiye’de son birkaç yılda gündeme gelmeye başlamış, hızla gelişmekte olan bir piyasaya sahip bir konudur. Şu anda Türkiye’nin yerel bir değerlendirme sistemi yoktur ve bina sahipleri, yabancı sistemleri kullanarak binalarını sertifikalandırmayı tercih etmektedirler. Değerlendirme sistemlerinin bilinirliğinin artması, yerel bir değerlendirme sisteminin ihtiyacının farkına varılmasını beraberinde getirmiştir. Bu doğrultuda ÇEDBİK, bir Türk yeşil bina değerlendirme sisteminin oluşturulması için çalışmalara başlamıştır.
Ülkeler, kendi değerlendirme sistemlerini geliştirirken tecrübeli olan diğer sistemlerden yararlanırlar. Pek çok ülkenin yeşil bina konseyi mevcut sistemleri inceleyip kendi yerel durumlarına adapte etmeyi tercih eder. ÇEDBİK de benzer bir yöntemle BRE Global-ÇEDBİK ortak adaptasyon çalışması ile BREEAM’i Türkiye koşullarına göre adapte ederek ulusal bir yeşil bina değerlendirme sistemi yaratmak hedeflenmektedir.
Bu çalışma, bahsi geçtiği üzere henüz oluşturulma aşamasında olan yerel bir değerlendirme sisteminin malzeme kategorisinde ele alınması gereken konuları belirlemeyi, bu konuların puanlamaya tabi tutulabilmesi için referans gösterilecek mevcut yasal dokümanları incelemeyi, eksik dokümanlara dikkat çekmeyi hedeflemektedir. Özellikle malzeme konusunun seçilme sebebi, yapı malzemelerinin binanın yaşam döngüsüne, hatta binanın inşa edilmesinden önceki zaman periyodlarına yayılan bir çevresel etki yaratmasıdır.
Bu inceleme çalışması için yalnızca BREEAM değil, LEED de kaynak olarak kullanılmıştır. Her iki sistemin malzeme kategorileri altında yer alan kredilerin yanısıra, yapı malzemeleriyle ilişkili olduğu düşünülen fakat farklı kategorilerde bulunan kriterler de incelenmiştir.
Çalışmanın sonunda, incelenen her iki sistemin güçlü ve zayıf yanları, BREEAM adaptasyonu ile sınırlı kalındığı takdirde Türk yeşil bina değerlendirme sisteminin malzeme kategorisinde oluşacak eksiklikler belirtilerek, konuyla ilgili alınabilecek önlemler önerilmiştir. Bu öneriler yapılırken, Türkiye’nin konularla ilgili mevcut yasal altyapısı göz önünde bulundurulmuştur.
Binayı sonradan sürdürülebilir kılmakla mimarı sonradan sürdürülebilir kılmak benzer şeyler. Doğr... more Binayı sonradan sürdürülebilir kılmakla mimarı sonradan sürdürülebilir kılmak benzer şeyler. Doğru olan, binanın da mimarın da temelden sürdürülebilirlik ilkelerine uygun gelişimi. Peki, buna imkan tanıyan bir mimarlık eğitiminden söz etmek mümkün mü?
Sürdürülebilirlik konusu mimarlık eğitiminde ne şekilde ele alınıyor? Araştırmanın temel sorusu bu. Amacı ise üniversitelerdeki güncel durumu ortaya koymak ve daha nitelikli bir mimarlık eğitimi için yapılabilecekleri tartışmaya açmak.
Araştırma 2 ana eksen üzerinde şekilleniyor:
1. Mimarlık bölümlerinin bağlı bulunduğu fakülteler
Sürdürülebilirlik yaklaşımının disiplinlerarası entegrasyon gerektirdiği gerçeğinden hareketle mimarlık eğitimi veren üniversitelerin buna uygun altyapılarının ve eğitim sistemlerinin bulunup bulunmadığını araştırılmıştır.
2. Müfredatta sürdürülebilirliğin yeri, ağırlığı ve ele alınma şekli
Diğer araştırma alanı ise müfredatta yer alan sürdürülebilirlik ile ilgili derslerin müfredattaki yeri, ağırlığı ve ele alınma şeklidir. Bu bölüm için sürdürülebilirlik ile ilgili ders sayıları ve bu derslerin kredi toplamlarının mimarlık eğitimi toplam kredisi içinde oranına bakılmış, dersler, içeriklerine bağlı olarak kuramsal ve teknik şeklinde ikiye ayrılmış ve derslerin, mimarlık eğitimi içindeki kronolojik yerleri incelenmiştir.
Çalışmanın kapsamı
Çalışmanın kapsamı, İstanbul’da lisans seviyesinde mimarlık eğitimi veren 15 üniversite ile sınırlandırılmıştır. YÖK’ün 2010 verilerine göre şu an Türkiye’de lisans seviyesinde mimarlık eğitimi veren 46 üniversite bulunmakta. Bu sayı Kıbrıs üniversiteleri de eklenince 51’e çıkıyor. Bu üniversitelerin 15’i, yani yaklaşık üçte biri İstanbul’da. Kurum sayısının fazla olmasına ek olarak, mimarlık fakültelerinde akademisyen ve öğrenci sayısı en yüksek üniversitelerden olan İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi, Mimar Sinan Güzel Sanatlar Üniversitesi1 gibi okulların İstanbul’da bulunması, mimarlık eğitimi nüfusunun bu şehirde diğerlerine oranla oldukça yoğun olduğunu gösteriyor. Bu duruma bağlı olarak, İstanbul’daki üniversiteler üzerine gerçekleştirilen araştırmanın, mimarlık lisans eğitiminin ülke genelindeki durumuna dair fikir verebileceği düşünülmüştür.
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Papers by Bilge Kobas
Keywords: biometric data; biosignals; non-intrusive sensing; physiological metrics; environmental stimuli; stress detection; health; comfort
Conference Presentations by Bilge Kobas
konusunda bir tartisma baslatmayi hedeflemektedirler. Yaptiklari arastirmanin sonucunda Turkiye’nin dunyada yaygin olarak kullanilan sistemleri inceleyerek ve bu sistemlerde elestirilen
kriterleri duzelterek, surdurulebilirlik ilkeleriyle daha cok ortusen bir sertifika sistemi olusturmasini tavsiye ederler.
As energy performance certificates became mandatory, European countries had to develop their national calculation methodologies to simulate the building’s energy performance. Turkey recently developed a national calculation methodology and its software. Meanwhile, extending the encouragement for green building practices, Turkish Green Building Association is working with BRE to forge BREEAM-Turkey. As explained, seem different as they may, both two studies are connected and should be integrated.
In this article examined are the possibilities of the use of BEP-TR in energy modelling modules of BREEAM-Turkey.
Thesis by Bilge Kobas
Currently, there are two key ways to attribute intelligent behaviour to a skin: 1. Providing more autonomy while excluding the occupant and even the skin itself; 2. Including the occupant and using the skin as the main medium for intelligence, but offering little to none autonomy. While the latter is being promoted more and more in the current literature, it is still worthwhile to recognise that both approaches present various strengths and weaknesses and the second approach alone is not the solution. Also, autonomy is usually identified with mechanical systems and the potential of the skin itself being more autonomous is not being investigated further, while it seems that architectural design can offer a level of intelligence that is less complex, easier to maintain and less intimidating for occupants.
The intelligent skin is both a tool that we use in order to shape our comfortable environment, but at the same time it is like an autonomous organism that we create so that it will serve us. Mediating these two conflicting definitions is quite the task, but it is a necessity because choosing one over the other will doom us with dissatisfaction. If we choose the first, we will have to be our own servants and if we choose the second, we will be the unsatisfied customers of our own creations. With the right amount of the two, the skin can be the active servant and the passive tool at the same time.
Keywords: biometric data; biosignals; non-intrusive sensing; physiological metrics; environmental stimuli; stress detection; health; comfort
konusunda bir tartisma baslatmayi hedeflemektedirler. Yaptiklari arastirmanin sonucunda Turkiye’nin dunyada yaygin olarak kullanilan sistemleri inceleyerek ve bu sistemlerde elestirilen
kriterleri duzelterek, surdurulebilirlik ilkeleriyle daha cok ortusen bir sertifika sistemi olusturmasini tavsiye ederler.
As energy performance certificates became mandatory, European countries had to develop their national calculation methodologies to simulate the building’s energy performance. Turkey recently developed a national calculation methodology and its software. Meanwhile, extending the encouragement for green building practices, Turkish Green Building Association is working with BRE to forge BREEAM-Turkey. As explained, seem different as they may, both two studies are connected and should be integrated.
In this article examined are the possibilities of the use of BEP-TR in energy modelling modules of BREEAM-Turkey.
Currently, there are two key ways to attribute intelligent behaviour to a skin: 1. Providing more autonomy while excluding the occupant and even the skin itself; 2. Including the occupant and using the skin as the main medium for intelligence, but offering little to none autonomy. While the latter is being promoted more and more in the current literature, it is still worthwhile to recognise that both approaches present various strengths and weaknesses and the second approach alone is not the solution. Also, autonomy is usually identified with mechanical systems and the potential of the skin itself being more autonomous is not being investigated further, while it seems that architectural design can offer a level of intelligence that is less complex, easier to maintain and less intimidating for occupants.
The intelligent skin is both a tool that we use in order to shape our comfortable environment, but at the same time it is like an autonomous organism that we create so that it will serve us. Mediating these two conflicting definitions is quite the task, but it is a necessity because choosing one over the other will doom us with dissatisfaction. If we choose the first, we will have to be our own servants and if we choose the second, we will be the unsatisfied customers of our own creations. With the right amount of the two, the skin can be the active servant and the passive tool at the same time.
Ülkeler, kendi değerlendirme sistemlerini geliştirirken tecrübeli olan diğer sistemlerden yararlanırlar. Pek çok ülkenin yeşil bina konseyi mevcut sistemleri inceleyip kendi yerel durumlarına adapte etmeyi tercih eder. ÇEDBİK de benzer bir yöntemle BRE Global-ÇEDBİK ortak adaptasyon çalışması ile BREEAM’i Türkiye koşullarına göre adapte ederek ulusal bir yeşil bina değerlendirme sistemi yaratmak hedeflenmektedir.
Bu çalışma, bahsi geçtiği üzere henüz oluşturulma aşamasında olan yerel bir değerlendirme sisteminin malzeme kategorisinde ele alınması gereken konuları belirlemeyi, bu konuların puanlamaya tabi tutulabilmesi için referans gösterilecek mevcut yasal dokümanları incelemeyi, eksik dokümanlara dikkat çekmeyi hedeflemektedir. Özellikle malzeme konusunun seçilme sebebi, yapı malzemelerinin binanın yaşam döngüsüne, hatta binanın inşa edilmesinden önceki zaman periyodlarına yayılan bir çevresel etki yaratmasıdır.
Bu inceleme çalışması için yalnızca BREEAM değil, LEED de kaynak olarak kullanılmıştır. Her iki sistemin malzeme kategorileri altında yer alan kredilerin yanısıra, yapı malzemeleriyle ilişkili olduğu düşünülen fakat farklı kategorilerde bulunan kriterler de incelenmiştir.
Çalışmanın sonunda, incelenen her iki sistemin güçlü ve zayıf yanları, BREEAM adaptasyonu ile sınırlı kalındığı takdirde Türk yeşil bina değerlendirme sisteminin malzeme kategorisinde oluşacak eksiklikler belirtilerek, konuyla ilgili alınabilecek önlemler önerilmiştir. Bu öneriler yapılırken, Türkiye’nin konularla ilgili mevcut yasal altyapısı göz önünde bulundurulmuştur.
Sürdürülebilirlik konusu mimarlık eğitiminde ne şekilde ele alınıyor? Araştırmanın temel sorusu bu. Amacı ise üniversitelerdeki güncel durumu ortaya koymak ve daha nitelikli bir mimarlık eğitimi için yapılabilecekleri tartışmaya açmak.
Araştırma 2 ana eksen üzerinde şekilleniyor:
1. Mimarlık bölümlerinin bağlı bulunduğu fakülteler
Sürdürülebilirlik yaklaşımının disiplinlerarası entegrasyon gerektirdiği gerçeğinden hareketle mimarlık eğitimi veren üniversitelerin buna uygun altyapılarının ve eğitim sistemlerinin bulunup bulunmadığını araştırılmıştır.
2. Müfredatta sürdürülebilirliğin yeri, ağırlığı ve ele alınma şekli
Diğer araştırma alanı ise müfredatta yer alan sürdürülebilirlik ile ilgili derslerin müfredattaki yeri, ağırlığı ve ele alınma şeklidir. Bu bölüm için sürdürülebilirlik ile ilgili ders sayıları ve bu derslerin kredi toplamlarının mimarlık eğitimi toplam kredisi içinde oranına bakılmış, dersler, içeriklerine bağlı olarak kuramsal ve teknik şeklinde ikiye ayrılmış ve derslerin, mimarlık eğitimi içindeki kronolojik yerleri incelenmiştir.
Çalışmanın kapsamı
Çalışmanın kapsamı, İstanbul’da lisans seviyesinde mimarlık eğitimi veren 15 üniversite ile sınırlandırılmıştır. YÖK’ün 2010 verilerine göre şu an Türkiye’de lisans seviyesinde mimarlık eğitimi veren 46 üniversite bulunmakta. Bu sayı Kıbrıs üniversiteleri de eklenince 51’e çıkıyor. Bu üniversitelerin 15’i, yani yaklaşık üçte biri İstanbul’da. Kurum sayısının fazla olmasına ek olarak, mimarlık fakültelerinde akademisyen ve öğrenci sayısı en yüksek üniversitelerden olan İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi, Mimar Sinan Güzel Sanatlar Üniversitesi1 gibi okulların İstanbul’da bulunması, mimarlık eğitimi nüfusunun bu şehirde diğerlerine oranla oldukça yoğun olduğunu gösteriyor. Bu duruma bağlı olarak, İstanbul’daki üniversiteler üzerine gerçekleştirilen araştırmanın, mimarlık lisans eğitiminin ülke genelindeki durumuna dair fikir verebileceği düşünülmüştür.