János Balázs
University of Szeged, Department of Anthropology, Department Member
Research Interests:
Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) can activate pro-inflammatory cascades in the gastrointestinal tract. Our aim was to determine TLR4 expression in myenteric neurons of different gut regions using a type 1 diabetic model. Ten weeks after the... more
Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) can activate pro-inflammatory cascades in the gastrointestinal tract. Our aim was to determine TLR4 expression in myenteric neurons of different gut regions using a type 1 diabetic model. Ten weeks after the onset of hyperglycemia, myenteric whole-mount preparations from the duodenum, ileum and colon of streptozotocin-induced diabetic, insulin-treated diabetic and control rats were prepared for TLR4/peripherin double-labelling fluorescent immunohistochemistry. Immunogold electron microscopy was applied to evaluate TLR4 expression in the myenteric perikaryon and neuropil. Tissue TLR4 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In controls, the number and proportion of the TLR4-immunoreactive myenteric neurons showed an increasing tendency to aboral direction. These values were significantly higher in diabetics compared to controls in the duodenum and ileum, but were significantly lower in the colon. In diabetics, the distribution of TLR4-lab...
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A szerző a kutatásban részt vevők nevében röviden összefoglalja Orosháza-Bónum, Faluhely régészeti lelőhely kutatásának eddigi eredményeit. A kutatásban 3 ország 9 intézményének 17 kutatója vett részt, az eddigi embertani eredményeink... more
A szerző a kutatásban részt vevők nevében röviden összefoglalja Orosháza-Bónum, Faluhely régészeti lelőhely kutatásának eddigi eredményeit. A kutatásban 3 ország 9 intézményének 17 kutatója vett részt, az eddigi embertani eredményeink metrikus, paleopatológiai, paleomikrobiológiai és kémiai antropológiai vizsgálatokból származnak, de természetesen a régészeti eredmények is nagyon fontosak Magyarország első olyan régészeti lelőhelyén, ahol az Árpád-kori muszlim kereskedőtelep és a hozzá tartozó temető is feltárásra került.
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The paleopathological analysis of a well-preserved young adult female skeleton from the AD 7-8th century (Avar Age) in Hungary revealed multiple lytic lesions in all of the thoracic and lumbar vertebral bodies. The lesions were... more
The paleopathological analysis of a well-preserved young adult female skeleton from the AD 7-8th century (Avar Age) in Hungary revealed multiple lytic lesions in all of the thoracic and lumbar vertebral bodies. The lesions were characterized by smooth marginal zones and space-occupying mass appearance. The considerable loss of spongy bone in the thoracolumbar vertebrae resulted in angular deformity and fusion, characteristic of the healing stage of TB. Osteolytic lesions were also observed on the vertebral processes, ribs and sternum. On the endocranial surface, abnormal blood vessel impressions were revealed, indicating some kind of meningitis. The X-ray and CT analysis of the affected bones detected abnormal structures and cystic zones of destruction. The lesions were however not always bordered by areas of increased density, which is typical in cystic TB. Vertebral remains were also subjected to biomolecular analysis in two different laboratories, which attested the presence of M...
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Our aim was to map the gut region-specific differences of the mucosa-associated microbiome distribution in a streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model. Tissue samples from the duodenum, ileum and colon were collected 10 weeks after the... more
Our aim was to map the gut region-specific differences of the mucosa-associated microbiome distribution in a streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model. Tissue samples from the duodenum, ileum and colon were collected 10 weeks after the onset of hyperglycaemia to analyse the mucosa-associated microbiota using next-generation DNA sequencing. Striking differences were observed in the mucosa-associated microbiota of the duodenum between diabetic and control rats. A significant invasion of the aerobic genus Mycoplasma was apparent in diabetes, and the abundance of the anaerobic phylum Firmicutes decreased massively. It is noteworthy that insulin treatment eliminated the Mycoplasma invasion in the duodenum and apparently restored the anaerobic environment in the mucosa. In the ileum the abundance of the phylum Firmicutes increased in the diabetic samples. Although the proportion of the phylum Proteobacteria decreased moderately, its composition changed significantly, and insulin treatment i...
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Nagyszenas kozeleben a Vaskapunak nevezett kelet-nyugati dombvonulat egyik kiemelkedesen fekvő lelőhelyen az első leleteket 1948 vagy 1949 augusztusaban talaltak. A rendelkezesre allo adatok alapjan 2004. szeptember 17 – oktober 8. kozott... more
Nagyszenas kozeleben a Vaskapunak nevezett kelet-nyugati dombvonulat egyik kiemelkedesen fekvő lelőhelyen az első leleteket 1948 vagy 1949 augusztusaban talaltak. A rendelkezesre allo adatok alapjan 2004. szeptember 17 – oktober 8. kozott az oroshazi Szanto Kovacs Janos Muzeum asatast vegzett es harom sirt tart fel. A feltaras soran harom emberi csontvaz kerult a felszinre, ket felnőtt ferfi es egy gyermek. Az első sirbol egy 45-55 eves ferfi koponyaja es vazcsontjai kerultek elő. A koponyan tobbszoros vagas nyoma figyelhető meg, ezeket valoszinűleg balta okozta.
Research Interests: Archaeology, Anthropology, Medical Anthropology, Art, Medieval History, and 15 moreZooarchaeology, Medieval Studies, Hungarian, Arms and Armor Studies, Early Medieval Archaeology, Medieval Archaeology, Hungarian Studies, Textile Technology, Archaeology of the Hungarian Conquerors, Cemetery, Hungarian Conquest Period, Partial Horse Burials, Pázmány Péter Katolikus Egyetem, Honfoglaláskor, and Wars Injuries
Tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) is essential in neuroinflammatory modulation. Therefore, the goal of this study is to reveal the effects of chronic hyperglycaemia and insulin treatment on TNFα expression in different gut segments and... more
Tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) is essential in neuroinflammatory modulation. Therefore, the goal of this study is to reveal the effects of chronic hyperglycaemia and insulin treatment on TNFα expression in different gut segments and intestinal wall layers. TNFα expression was mapped by fluorescent immunohistochemistry and quantitative immunogold electron microscopy in myenteric ganglia of duodenum, ileum and colon. Tissue TNFα levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in muscle/myenteric plexus-containing (MUSCLE-MP) and mucosa/submucosa/submucous plexus-containing (MUC-SUBMUC-SP) homogenates. Increasing density of TNFα-labelling gold particles is observed in myenteric ganglia from proximal to distal segments and TNFα tissue levels are much more elevated in MUSCLE-MP homogenates than in MUC-SUBMUC-SP samples in healthy controls. In the diabetics, the number of TNFα gold labels is significantly increased in the duodenum, decreased in the colon and remained uncha...
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To evaluate the effects of hyperglycemia and insulin treatment on the proportion of serotonin-immunoreactive (5-HT-IR) myenteric neurons, samples were taken from the duodenum, ileum, and colon of diabetic, insulin-treated diabetic, and... more
To evaluate the effects of hyperglycemia and insulin treatment on the proportion of serotonin-immunoreactive (5-HT-IR) myenteric neurons, samples were taken from the duodenum, ileum, and colon of diabetic, insulin-treated diabetic, and control rats 10 weeks after the onset of streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia. Myenteric whole-mount preparations were immunostained with anti-5-HT and pan-neuronal anti-HuCD markers. In controls, the 5-HT-IR myenteric neurons represent a small proportion (~2.5%) of the total neuronal number in the investigated gut segments. The proportion of 5-HT-IR myenteric neurons was significantly higher in the duodenum (p < 0.01) and colon (p < 0.0001) of diabetic rats compared to the controls but exhibited a slight increase in the ileum. Immediate insulin treatment resulted in a significantly lower proportion of myenteric 5-HT-IR neurons in each segment (duodenum p < 0.0001; ileum p < 0.01; and colon p < 0.0001) compared to the untreated diabetic...
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Tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) is essential in neuroinflammatory modulation. Therefore, the goal of this study is to reveal the effects of chronic hyperglycaemia and insulin treatment on TNFα expression in different gut segments and... more
Tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) is essential in neuroinflammatory modulation. Therefore, the goal of this study is to reveal the effects of chronic hyperglycaemia and insulin treatment on TNFα expression in different gut segments and intestinal wall layers. TNFα expression was mapped by fluorescent immunohistochemistry and quantitative immunogold electron microscopy in myenteric ganglia of duodenum, ileum and colon. Tissue TNFα levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in muscle/myenteric plexus-containing (MUSCLE-MP) and mucosa/submucosa/submucous plexus-containing (MUC-SUBMUC-SP) homogenates. Increasing density of TNFα-labelling gold particles is observed in myenteric ganglia from proximal to distal segments and TNFα tissue levels are much more elevated in MUSCLE-MP homogenates than in MUC-SUBMUC-SP samples in healthy controls. In the diabetics, the number of TNFα gold labels is significantly increased in the duodenum, decreased in the colon and remained uncha...
Research Interests:
Very small, green colored, partially mummified remains of a perinate individual were found buried in a ceramic pot with a copper coin in the Late Medieval cemetery of Nyárlőrinc-Hangár út (BNyárlőrinc 3. lelőhely^) in southern Hungary.... more
Very small, green colored, partially mummified remains of a perinate individual were found buried in a ceramic pot with a copper coin in the Late Medieval cemetery of Nyárlőrinc-Hangár út (BNyárlőrinc 3. lelőhely^) in southern Hungary. The remains must date back to the second half of the nineteenth century AD. In this paper; we present data gathered in a series of multidisciplinary investigations targeted to the partially mummified remains (ind. no. 14426) and two other non-mummified perinates (ind. no. 10662 and no. 14336) possibly buried under similar circumstances in the cemetery. Besides standard macromorphological and stereomicroscopic examinations, we compared Cu concentrations in the remains using ICP-AES and mapped Cu concentration changes using μXRF. The partially mummified perinate showed the highest Cu concentrations, while the individual buried without a possible Cu source showed the lowest. Body parts in the closer proximity of the copper coins always showed higher conc...