Alpha-phellandrene is a very common cyclic monoterpene found in several EOs, which shows extensiv... more Alpha-phellandrene is a very common cyclic monoterpene found in several EOs, which shows extensive biological activities. Therefore, the main focus of the present systematic review was to provide a comprehensive and critical analysis of the state of the art regarding its biological activities and pharmaceutical and food applications. In addition, the study identified essential oils rich in alpha-phellandrene and summarized their main biological activities as a preliminary screening to encourage subsequent studies on their single components. With this review, we selected and critically analyzed 99 papers, using the following bibliographic databases: PubMed, SciELO, Wiley and WOS, on 8 July 2022. Data were independently extracted by four authors of this work, selecting those studies which reported the keyword “alpha-phellandrene” in the title and/or the abstract, and avoiding those in which there was not a clear correlation between the molecule and its biological activities and/or a s...
Several studies have assessed the potential of essential oils as substitutes for synthetic pestic... more Several studies have assessed the potential of essential oils as substitutes for synthetic pesticides, in order to counter insect resistance to commercial pesticides. Piper aduncum L. is a very common shrub in the Amazon Rainforest and in other subtropical areas. The objective of this review was to analyse the existing information on P. aduncum essential oil as a raw material for new bioproducts for sustainable pest disease management. With this review, we collected and critically analysed 59 papers, representing all the studies that aimed to evaluate the essential oil properties of this species as an insecticide, acaricide and antiparasitic. The chemical composition differs depending on the origin, although phenylpropanoid dillapiole is the most cited component, followed by myristicin, 1,8-cineole and β-ocimene. Between the acaricidal, antiparasitic and synergistic activities, the insecticidal effects are highly promising, with optimal results against the malaria vector Aedes aegyp...
Maxillaria densa es una orquídea oriunda de América Central extendida en alta montaña y bosques h... more Maxillaria densa es una orquídea oriunda de América Central extendida en alta montaña y bosques húmedos. El objetivo de esta revisión es proporcionar un análisis crítico sobre etnofarmacología, fitoquímica y farmacología de la especie, enfocándose en su potencial para el biocomercio. Para encontrar sus compuestos bioactivos fueron exploradas las bases de datos de PubMed, Scopus, SciELO y SciFinder, Sciencedirect, Springer, la editorial Elsevier y webs especializadas, de esta manera se confirmó cuáles son los compuestos y propiedades de esta planta. M. densa es usada tradicionalmente para el tratamiento de dolores estomacales, como antidiarreico y antiespasmódico. Los extractos obtenidos de M. densa muestran la presencia de seis principios activos derivados del fenantreno, un hidrocarburo policíclico aromático. Los estudios de actividad biológica realizados han evidenciado efectos espasmolíticos, antinociceptivos y relajantes. M. densa crece en cultivos de café bajo sombra, que son c...
El biocomercio es una práctica internacional que se centra en la recolección, producción, transfo... more El biocomercio es una práctica internacional que se centra en la recolección, producción, transformación y comercialización de bienes y servicios derivados de la biodiversidad nativa. El Ecuador es un país megadiverso y, aunque su PIB depende de la producción de materias primas e hidrocarburos, no se ha profundizado todavía cual es el aporte de la biodiversidad a la generación de economía monetaria. Por lo que el objetivo de este artículo es analizar el estado del aprovechamiento sustentable y sostenible de la biodiversidad ecuatoriana, que se enmarca en los principios y criterios del biocomercio. Un análisis crítico de varios indicadores socio-económicos, insertado en una recopilación de las evidencias sobre la biodiversidad y del marco normativo del biocomercio, evidencia que el país no parece aprovechar plenamente la biodiversidad, en su rol de ventaja competitiva para el desarrollo de sectores productivos a mayor valor agregado.
The term “Salus per aquam (SPA) therapies” refers to therapeutic pathways that includes mud thera... more The term “Salus per aquam (SPA) therapies” refers to therapeutic pathways that includes mud therapy. The therapeutic efficacy of a peloid depends on its chemical and mineralogical composition, as well as its technological properties. Considering the increasing use of clay-based products, it becomes essential to characterize peloids from a qualitative and quantitative point of view. Therefore, this research project aimed to develop a protocol that allows characterization of the chemical-physical composition of sludges collected from different areas of the Homogeneous Euganean Hills Hydromineral Basin (B.I.O.C.E.). The study established a comparative study both between different matrices and between the same matrices at different maturation times, including also a comparison with an industrialized product, that can be used at home, which maintains the characteristics of a natural mud. This research was developed studying the pH, grain size distribution, and chemical and mineralogical ...
Aedes aegypti, the main arbovirus vector of the Yellow fever, Dengue, Chikungunya and Zika viruse... more Aedes aegypti, the main arbovirus vector of the Yellow fever, Dengue, Chikungunya and Zika viruses, is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical areas throughout the world. Preventive control efforts have been implemented worldwide aimed at reducing its impact on human health. The recent reduction of chemicals available for vector control due to their negative impact on the environment and human health and the increase in mosquito resistance to insecticides have driven the research community to identify and evaluate sustainable alternatives to synthetic insecticides. In this study, the potential larvicidal effect of essential oils extracted from Ocimum campechianum, Ocotea quixos and Piper aduncum were tested in vitro. GC and GC–MS analyses showed that the main compounds were eugenol (18%), 1,8-cineole (39%) and dillapiole (48%), respectively. Susceptibility to essential oils was measured according to the WHO protocol. After 24 h, the mean percentage mortality ranged from 2.7 t...
The essential oil (EO), the methanolic (MeOH), and the 70% ethanolic (70% EtOH) extracts obtained... more The essential oil (EO), the methanolic (MeOH), and the 70% ethanolic (70% EtOH) extracts obtained from the aerial parts of Ocimum campechianum Mill. (Ecuador) were chemically characterized through gas-chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry detector (GC-MS), high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode array-mass spectrometry detectors (HPLC-DAD-MS) and studied for their in vitro biological activity. The radical scavenger activity, performed by spectrophotometric 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assays, highlighted significant IC50 values for the EO, extracts and their main constituents (eugenol and rosmarinic acid). EO (and eugenol) showed noteworthy activity against Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae and a moderate effect against clinical Candida strains, with possible synergism in association to fluconazole against the latter microorganisms. The extracts and pure molecules exhibited weak cytotoxic...
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Jan 2, 2004
Wild Amazonian basil Ocimum micranthum Willd. (O. campechianum Mill.) Labiatae essential oil was ... more Wild Amazonian basil Ocimum micranthum Willd. (O. campechianum Mill.) Labiatae essential oil was analyzed by GC and GC-MS: 31 compounds were identified. The main components were eugenol (46.55 +/- 5.11%), beta-caryophyllene (11.94 +/- 1.31%), and beta-elemene (9.06 +/- 0.99%), while a small amount of linalool (1.49 +/- 0.16%) was detected. The oil was tested for its in vitro food-related biological activities and compared with common basil Ocimum basilicum and Thymus vulgaris commercial essential oils. Radical scavenging activity was evaluated employing 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The oil exerted a good capacity to act as a nonspecific donor of hydrogen atoms or electrons when checked in the diphenylpicrylhydrazyl assay, quenching 76,61 +/- 0.33% of the radical, with values higher than those reported by reference oils. In the beta-carotene bleaching test, the oil provided an antioxidant efficacy comparable with that of O. basilicum and T. vulgaris essential oils. The...
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Jan 2, 2004
Wild Amazonian basil Ocimum micranthum Willd. (O. campechianum Mill.) Labiatae essential oil was ... more Wild Amazonian basil Ocimum micranthum Willd. (O. campechianum Mill.) Labiatae essential oil was analyzed by GC and GC-MS: 31 compounds were identified. The main components were eugenol (46.55 +/- 5.11%), beta-caryophyllene (11.94 +/- 1.31%), and beta-elemene (9.06 +/- 0.99%), while a small amount of linalool (1.49 +/- 0.16%) was detected. The oil was tested for its in vitro food-related biological activities and compared with common basil Ocimum basilicum and Thymus vulgaris commercial essential oils. Radical scavenging activity was evaluated employing 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The oil exerted a good capacity to act as a nonspecific donor of hydrogen atoms or electrons when checked in the diphenylpicrylhydrazyl assay, quenching 76,61 +/- 0.33% of the radical, with values higher than those reported by reference oils. In the beta-carotene bleaching test, the oil provided an antioxidant efficacy comparable with that of O. basilicum and T. vulgaris essential oils. The...
Alpha-phellandrene is a very common cyclic monoterpene found in several EOs, which shows extensiv... more Alpha-phellandrene is a very common cyclic monoterpene found in several EOs, which shows extensive biological activities. Therefore, the main focus of the present systematic review was to provide a comprehensive and critical analysis of the state of the art regarding its biological activities and pharmaceutical and food applications. In addition, the study identified essential oils rich in alpha-phellandrene and summarized their main biological activities as a preliminary screening to encourage subsequent studies on their single components. With this review, we selected and critically analyzed 99 papers, using the following bibliographic databases: PubMed, SciELO, Wiley and WOS, on 8 July 2022. Data were independently extracted by four authors of this work, selecting those studies which reported the keyword “alpha-phellandrene” in the title and/or the abstract, and avoiding those in which there was not a clear correlation between the molecule and its biological activities and/or a s...
Several studies have assessed the potential of essential oils as substitutes for synthetic pestic... more Several studies have assessed the potential of essential oils as substitutes for synthetic pesticides, in order to counter insect resistance to commercial pesticides. Piper aduncum L. is a very common shrub in the Amazon Rainforest and in other subtropical areas. The objective of this review was to analyse the existing information on P. aduncum essential oil as a raw material for new bioproducts for sustainable pest disease management. With this review, we collected and critically analysed 59 papers, representing all the studies that aimed to evaluate the essential oil properties of this species as an insecticide, acaricide and antiparasitic. The chemical composition differs depending on the origin, although phenylpropanoid dillapiole is the most cited component, followed by myristicin, 1,8-cineole and β-ocimene. Between the acaricidal, antiparasitic and synergistic activities, the insecticidal effects are highly promising, with optimal results against the malaria vector Aedes aegyp...
Maxillaria densa es una orquídea oriunda de América Central extendida en alta montaña y bosques h... more Maxillaria densa es una orquídea oriunda de América Central extendida en alta montaña y bosques húmedos. El objetivo de esta revisión es proporcionar un análisis crítico sobre etnofarmacología, fitoquímica y farmacología de la especie, enfocándose en su potencial para el biocomercio. Para encontrar sus compuestos bioactivos fueron exploradas las bases de datos de PubMed, Scopus, SciELO y SciFinder, Sciencedirect, Springer, la editorial Elsevier y webs especializadas, de esta manera se confirmó cuáles son los compuestos y propiedades de esta planta. M. densa es usada tradicionalmente para el tratamiento de dolores estomacales, como antidiarreico y antiespasmódico. Los extractos obtenidos de M. densa muestran la presencia de seis principios activos derivados del fenantreno, un hidrocarburo policíclico aromático. Los estudios de actividad biológica realizados han evidenciado efectos espasmolíticos, antinociceptivos y relajantes. M. densa crece en cultivos de café bajo sombra, que son c...
El biocomercio es una práctica internacional que se centra en la recolección, producción, transfo... more El biocomercio es una práctica internacional que se centra en la recolección, producción, transformación y comercialización de bienes y servicios derivados de la biodiversidad nativa. El Ecuador es un país megadiverso y, aunque su PIB depende de la producción de materias primas e hidrocarburos, no se ha profundizado todavía cual es el aporte de la biodiversidad a la generación de economía monetaria. Por lo que el objetivo de este artículo es analizar el estado del aprovechamiento sustentable y sostenible de la biodiversidad ecuatoriana, que se enmarca en los principios y criterios del biocomercio. Un análisis crítico de varios indicadores socio-económicos, insertado en una recopilación de las evidencias sobre la biodiversidad y del marco normativo del biocomercio, evidencia que el país no parece aprovechar plenamente la biodiversidad, en su rol de ventaja competitiva para el desarrollo de sectores productivos a mayor valor agregado.
The term “Salus per aquam (SPA) therapies” refers to therapeutic pathways that includes mud thera... more The term “Salus per aquam (SPA) therapies” refers to therapeutic pathways that includes mud therapy. The therapeutic efficacy of a peloid depends on its chemical and mineralogical composition, as well as its technological properties. Considering the increasing use of clay-based products, it becomes essential to characterize peloids from a qualitative and quantitative point of view. Therefore, this research project aimed to develop a protocol that allows characterization of the chemical-physical composition of sludges collected from different areas of the Homogeneous Euganean Hills Hydromineral Basin (B.I.O.C.E.). The study established a comparative study both between different matrices and between the same matrices at different maturation times, including also a comparison with an industrialized product, that can be used at home, which maintains the characteristics of a natural mud. This research was developed studying the pH, grain size distribution, and chemical and mineralogical ...
Aedes aegypti, the main arbovirus vector of the Yellow fever, Dengue, Chikungunya and Zika viruse... more Aedes aegypti, the main arbovirus vector of the Yellow fever, Dengue, Chikungunya and Zika viruses, is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical areas throughout the world. Preventive control efforts have been implemented worldwide aimed at reducing its impact on human health. The recent reduction of chemicals available for vector control due to their negative impact on the environment and human health and the increase in mosquito resistance to insecticides have driven the research community to identify and evaluate sustainable alternatives to synthetic insecticides. In this study, the potential larvicidal effect of essential oils extracted from Ocimum campechianum, Ocotea quixos and Piper aduncum were tested in vitro. GC and GC–MS analyses showed that the main compounds were eugenol (18%), 1,8-cineole (39%) and dillapiole (48%), respectively. Susceptibility to essential oils was measured according to the WHO protocol. After 24 h, the mean percentage mortality ranged from 2.7 t...
The essential oil (EO), the methanolic (MeOH), and the 70% ethanolic (70% EtOH) extracts obtained... more The essential oil (EO), the methanolic (MeOH), and the 70% ethanolic (70% EtOH) extracts obtained from the aerial parts of Ocimum campechianum Mill. (Ecuador) were chemically characterized through gas-chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry detector (GC-MS), high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode array-mass spectrometry detectors (HPLC-DAD-MS) and studied for their in vitro biological activity. The radical scavenger activity, performed by spectrophotometric 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assays, highlighted significant IC50 values for the EO, extracts and their main constituents (eugenol and rosmarinic acid). EO (and eugenol) showed noteworthy activity against Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae and a moderate effect against clinical Candida strains, with possible synergism in association to fluconazole against the latter microorganisms. The extracts and pure molecules exhibited weak cytotoxic...
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Jan 2, 2004
Wild Amazonian basil Ocimum micranthum Willd. (O. campechianum Mill.) Labiatae essential oil was ... more Wild Amazonian basil Ocimum micranthum Willd. (O. campechianum Mill.) Labiatae essential oil was analyzed by GC and GC-MS: 31 compounds were identified. The main components were eugenol (46.55 +/- 5.11%), beta-caryophyllene (11.94 +/- 1.31%), and beta-elemene (9.06 +/- 0.99%), while a small amount of linalool (1.49 +/- 0.16%) was detected. The oil was tested for its in vitro food-related biological activities and compared with common basil Ocimum basilicum and Thymus vulgaris commercial essential oils. Radical scavenging activity was evaluated employing 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The oil exerted a good capacity to act as a nonspecific donor of hydrogen atoms or electrons when checked in the diphenylpicrylhydrazyl assay, quenching 76,61 +/- 0.33% of the radical, with values higher than those reported by reference oils. In the beta-carotene bleaching test, the oil provided an antioxidant efficacy comparable with that of O. basilicum and T. vulgaris essential oils. The...
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Jan 2, 2004
Wild Amazonian basil Ocimum micranthum Willd. (O. campechianum Mill.) Labiatae essential oil was ... more Wild Amazonian basil Ocimum micranthum Willd. (O. campechianum Mill.) Labiatae essential oil was analyzed by GC and GC-MS: 31 compounds were identified. The main components were eugenol (46.55 +/- 5.11%), beta-caryophyllene (11.94 +/- 1.31%), and beta-elemene (9.06 +/- 0.99%), while a small amount of linalool (1.49 +/- 0.16%) was detected. The oil was tested for its in vitro food-related biological activities and compared with common basil Ocimum basilicum and Thymus vulgaris commercial essential oils. Radical scavenging activity was evaluated employing 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The oil exerted a good capacity to act as a nonspecific donor of hydrogen atoms or electrons when checked in the diphenylpicrylhydrazyl assay, quenching 76,61 +/- 0.33% of the radical, with values higher than those reported by reference oils. In the beta-carotene bleaching test, the oil provided an antioxidant efficacy comparable with that of O. basilicum and T. vulgaris essential oils. The...
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