Parasitic otitis in cattle, caused by mites, has been reported from several continents. The prese... more Parasitic otitis in cattle, caused by mites, has been reported from several continents. The present study aimed to determine the distribution, prevalence, intensity, mean intensity, and range of the agent in cattle in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. The samples were designed at random, with an acceptable margin of error of 3% and a confidence interval of 99%. A total of 449 animals were sampled immediately after slaughter from 34 different municipalities in the state using the technique of flushing both ear canals. Only Raillietia auris (Leidy, 1872) were found, with a prevalence of 98.6%, mean intensity of 53.78 mites/animal, and a range of 1-323. Impressively, the prevalence found was identical to another survey carried out 39 years ago in the same region. Details about the parasite intensity in different age categories of the animals are presented. The study demonstrates that the prevalence and intensity of infestation by Raillietia auris are high, and in older cattle ar...
O presente trabalho objetivou aliar educação ambiental e ensino de ciências utilizando as aves pa... more O presente trabalho objetivou aliar educação ambiental e ensino de ciências utilizando as aves pantaneiras como tema para elaboração de atividades didático-pedagógicas. Mensalmente foram desenvolvidas vivências em campo para observação de aves e atividades lúdicas que integraram educação ambiental e ciências. Um questionário semiestruturado sobre o tema foi respondido por 20 alunos e analisado de forma qualitativa e quantitativa. As atividades lúdicas compreenderam estórias, jogos e atividades de pintura que possibilitaram reconhecimento da biodiversidade, respeito e sensibilidade com o meio ambiente. Houve maior detalhamento em todas as respostas pós-intervenções e o número de espécies de aves mencionadas pelos alunos antes e depois do projeto diferiu significativamente. As atividades demonstraram ser um eficiente instrumento de ensino de ciências e educação ambiental.
This study assesses the weight gain of partially engorged Rhipicephalus sanguineus females that w... more This study assesses the weight gain of partially engorged Rhipicephalus sanguineus females that were artificially fed via capillary tubes and the influence of capillary tube feeding on the biological parameters of the non-parasitic stage of the species. The ticks were sorted into four groups, each containing ten females of a homogeneous weight. The groups were each treated for different feeding times, 2, 6, 12 and 24 hours. The weight gain of the artificially fed females was measured, and the biological parameters of the non-parasitic stage of the tick were observed for each treatment group. The statistical non-parametrical Dunn and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to compare the results. The mean weights (mg) were 0.2±2.4; 4.3±5.8; 7.4±5.8 and 12.0±11.2 for the 2, 6, 12 and 24 hours feeding groups, respectively. The weight of the fed groups increased as the capillary feeding time increased, and this relationship was highly significant (P<0.05) between the groups fed for 2 and 24 hours. No statistically significant differences (P>0.05) were observed in the parameters of the non-parasitic stage for the artificially fed groups. It can be concluded that artificial feeding via capillary tubes provides an efficient and easy method for the artificial intake of blood by R. sanguineus. Furthermore, it was noted that the ticks fed in vitro were able to establish a new generation. The experimental method shows great promise in studies that aim to investigate biological disease agents.
1Médico Veterinário, Professor Adjunto aposentado, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (... more 1Médico Veterinário, Professor Adjunto aposentado, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ). Endereço para correspondência: Rua dos Ipês, 54 Gleba XIII Comary, 25958-770, Teresópolis, RJ, Brasil. E-mail: emilward@ufrrj.br. Autor para correspondência. ...
Little is known about the effect of temperature on viability of free-living phases of the life cy... more Little is known about the effect of temperature on viability of free-living phases of the life cycle of Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille, 1806) despite of its importance as vector of several pathogens. Knowledge of the effect of abiotic factors on the capacity of a given tick species to infest new hosts is important for routine experimental activities under laboratory conditions, and may be relevant to understand the transmission of pathogens. The study evaluates the viability of R. sanguineus females held at 18 ± 1, 27 ± 1 and 32 ± 1°C and 80 ± 5% RH (saturation deficits of 3.0, 5.3 and 7.2 mmHg, respectively) for three fasting periods (3 and 20 days and the day when female mortality reached approximately 50% after ecdysis), under laboratory conditions. In general, the best result on viability was obtained when rabbits were infested with unfed female ticks after three or 20 fasting days at both 27 ± 1 and 32 ± 1°C and 80 ± 5% RH.
This study evaluates the impact of cattle-raising on ticks associated with wildlife in the Pantan... more This study evaluates the impact of cattle-raising on ticks associated with wildlife in the Pantanal region of Brazil, by trapping free-living ticks using a CO2 tick trap. The traps were equally distributed in two areas: a 600-ha protected area (PA) and the Nhumirim Ranch (NR). Both areas are contiguous and located at the sub-region of Nhecolândia (18°59′S; 56°39′W), Pantanal, Brazil. In each area, four habitat types were selected: cerrado (tropical savanna), forest patches, lakes and soda lakes. The last two are temporary lagoons of fresh and salted water, respectively. A total of 980 nymphs, 613 adults and 13 larvae of ticks Amblyomma were collected in 256 h of collection. In a pen of calves infested by Ornithodoros rostratus 114 specimens were collected, including larvae, nymphs and adults. Adults of A. cajennense and A. parvum were more abundant in the savanna at NR, but not differed among habitat types at PA. There was a tendency of having more nymphs in NR than in PA. The higher number of ticks found in the NR in comparison to the PA is not due to the presence of cattle itself but probably due to introduced dogs and horses, habitat alteration.
Parasitic otitis in cattle, caused by mites, has been reported from several continents. The prese... more Parasitic otitis in cattle, caused by mites, has been reported from several continents. The present study aimed to determine the distribution, prevalence, intensity, mean intensity, and range of the agent in cattle in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. The samples were designed at random, with an acceptable margin of error of 3% and a confidence interval of 99%. A total of 449 animals were sampled immediately after slaughter from 34 different municipalities in the state using the technique of flushing both ear canals. Only Raillietia auris (Leidy, 1872) were found, with a prevalence of 98.6%, mean intensity of 53.78 mites/animal, and a range of 1-323. Impressively, the prevalence found was identical to another survey carried out 39 years ago in the same region. Details about the parasite intensity in different age categories of the animals are presented. The study demonstrates that the prevalence and intensity of infestation by Raillietia auris are high, and in older cattle ar...
O presente trabalho objetivou aliar educação ambiental e ensino de ciências utilizando as aves pa... more O presente trabalho objetivou aliar educação ambiental e ensino de ciências utilizando as aves pantaneiras como tema para elaboração de atividades didático-pedagógicas. Mensalmente foram desenvolvidas vivências em campo para observação de aves e atividades lúdicas que integraram educação ambiental e ciências. Um questionário semiestruturado sobre o tema foi respondido por 20 alunos e analisado de forma qualitativa e quantitativa. As atividades lúdicas compreenderam estórias, jogos e atividades de pintura que possibilitaram reconhecimento da biodiversidade, respeito e sensibilidade com o meio ambiente. Houve maior detalhamento em todas as respostas pós-intervenções e o número de espécies de aves mencionadas pelos alunos antes e depois do projeto diferiu significativamente. As atividades demonstraram ser um eficiente instrumento de ensino de ciências e educação ambiental.
This study assesses the weight gain of partially engorged Rhipicephalus sanguineus females that w... more This study assesses the weight gain of partially engorged Rhipicephalus sanguineus females that were artificially fed via capillary tubes and the influence of capillary tube feeding on the biological parameters of the non-parasitic stage of the species. The ticks were sorted into four groups, each containing ten females of a homogeneous weight. The groups were each treated for different feeding times, 2, 6, 12 and 24 hours. The weight gain of the artificially fed females was measured, and the biological parameters of the non-parasitic stage of the tick were observed for each treatment group. The statistical non-parametrical Dunn and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to compare the results. The mean weights (mg) were 0.2±2.4; 4.3±5.8; 7.4±5.8 and 12.0±11.2 for the 2, 6, 12 and 24 hours feeding groups, respectively. The weight of the fed groups increased as the capillary feeding time increased, and this relationship was highly significant (P<0.05) between the groups fed for 2 and 24 hours. No statistically significant differences (P>0.05) were observed in the parameters of the non-parasitic stage for the artificially fed groups. It can be concluded that artificial feeding via capillary tubes provides an efficient and easy method for the artificial intake of blood by R. sanguineus. Furthermore, it was noted that the ticks fed in vitro were able to establish a new generation. The experimental method shows great promise in studies that aim to investigate biological disease agents.
1Médico Veterinário, Professor Adjunto aposentado, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (... more 1Médico Veterinário, Professor Adjunto aposentado, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ). Endereço para correspondência: Rua dos Ipês, 54 Gleba XIII Comary, 25958-770, Teresópolis, RJ, Brasil. E-mail: emilward@ufrrj.br. Autor para correspondência. ...
Little is known about the effect of temperature on viability of free-living phases of the life cy... more Little is known about the effect of temperature on viability of free-living phases of the life cycle of Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille, 1806) despite of its importance as vector of several pathogens. Knowledge of the effect of abiotic factors on the capacity of a given tick species to infest new hosts is important for routine experimental activities under laboratory conditions, and may be relevant to understand the transmission of pathogens. The study evaluates the viability of R. sanguineus females held at 18 ± 1, 27 ± 1 and 32 ± 1°C and 80 ± 5% RH (saturation deficits of 3.0, 5.3 and 7.2 mmHg, respectively) for three fasting periods (3 and 20 days and the day when female mortality reached approximately 50% after ecdysis), under laboratory conditions. In general, the best result on viability was obtained when rabbits were infested with unfed female ticks after three or 20 fasting days at both 27 ± 1 and 32 ± 1°C and 80 ± 5% RH.
This study evaluates the impact of cattle-raising on ticks associated with wildlife in the Pantan... more This study evaluates the impact of cattle-raising on ticks associated with wildlife in the Pantanal region of Brazil, by trapping free-living ticks using a CO2 tick trap. The traps were equally distributed in two areas: a 600-ha protected area (PA) and the Nhumirim Ranch (NR). Both areas are contiguous and located at the sub-region of Nhecolândia (18°59′S; 56°39′W), Pantanal, Brazil. In each area, four habitat types were selected: cerrado (tropical savanna), forest patches, lakes and soda lakes. The last two are temporary lagoons of fresh and salted water, respectively. A total of 980 nymphs, 613 adults and 13 larvae of ticks Amblyomma were collected in 256 h of collection. In a pen of calves infested by Ornithodoros rostratus 114 specimens were collected, including larvae, nymphs and adults. Adults of A. cajennense and A. parvum were more abundant in the savanna at NR, but not differed among habitat types at PA. There was a tendency of having more nymphs in NR than in PA. The higher number of ticks found in the NR in comparison to the PA is not due to the presence of cattle itself but probably due to introduced dogs and horses, habitat alteration.
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