Departamento de Solos

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of sewage sludge and calcium and magnesium silicate on the physical attributes of a Cambisol cultivated with sunflower. The treatments were arranged in a factorial (4 x 2) + 1, corresponding to four doses of sewage sludge (0, 6.25, 12.5 and 18.5 t ha-1, in dry basis), two doses of calcium and magnesium silicate (0 and 240 g m-1) and an additional treatment with chemical fertilizers. The experimental design was randomized blocks with three replications. After 150 days of fertilization, were collected soil samples at depth of 0-20 and 20-40 cm for the evaluation of bulk density, particle density, total porosity, water dispersible clay, flocculation index, aggregate stability index, mean weight diameter, geometric mean diameter and soil penetration resistance. The additional treatment, corresponding to chemical fertilizer, did not differ from the corresponding treatments with sewage sludge fertilizer and calcium and magnesium silicate in relation to soil physical attributes. For calcium and magnesium silicate, also were not found differences in soil physical characteristics between dose zero and 240 g m-1. On the other hand, the application of sewage sludge to soil decreased the water dispersible clay and increased the soil total porosity, the clay flocculation index and wet aggregate stability index. There was no influence of sewage sludge on the other attributes physical of soil.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the concentration of heavy metals in soil and leaves of corn fertilized with rock phosphate and sewage sludge compost. The work was conducted at the experimental area of ICA/UFMG, Montes Claros - MG, in Cambisol. The treatments, in factorial 2 x 4, corresponded to two doses of rock phosphate (0 and 90 kg P2O5 ha-1) and four doses of sewage sludge compost (0, 25, 50 and 75 Mg ha-1). The experimental design was randomized blocks with three replications of treatments. The rock phosphate did not affect overall levels of heavy metals in soil, however, Cu, Zn and Pb in soil increased with application rates of sewage sludge compost. Applications of sewage sludge compost up to 75 Mg ha-1 did not increase the concentrations of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Ni and Cr above the critical limits established by legislation. In plants, the concentrations of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd and Cr were not affected by the application of rock phosphate, however, the Zn concentration increased and Pb concentration decreased with the application rates of sewage sludge compost.

O uso de fontes alternativas para a fertilização na agricultura vem sendo cada vez mais explorada pelo homem, devido à escassez das fontes finitas dos minerais utilizados atualmente. Produtos como a torta de mamona e silicatos de serpentinito podem ser fontes viáveis para o uso na agricultura. Com isso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os teores e conteúdos de N, P, K, Ca e Mg na cultura do crambe, assim como a sua produção em função da adubação com torta de mamona PDS e silicato de serpentinito. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com sete doses de torta de mamona PDS e duas doses de silicato de serpentinito (com e sem enxofre elementar), totalizando 21 tratamentos. Utilizaram-se as doses de 0,0; 0,5; 1; 2; 4; 6 e 8t ha-1 de torta de mamona PDS (equivalente à aplicação de 0, 15, 30, 60, 120 e 240kg ha-1 de N) e as doses de silicato de serpentinito em 0 e 1t ha-1, com e sem enxofre. A aplicação de silicato de serpentinit...

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito da aplicação de lodo de esgoto e de silicato de cálcio e magnésio sobre os atributos físicos de um Cambissolo Háplico, cultivado com girassol. Os tratamentos foram distribuídos em esquema fatorial (4 x 2) + 1, correspondendo a quatro doses de lodo de esgoto desidratado (0; 6,25; 12,5 e 18,5 t ha-1), duas doses de silicato de cálcio e magnésio (0 e 240 g m-1) e um tratamento adicional com adubação mineral. O delineamento utilizado foi em blocos casualizados, com três repetições. Após 150 dias da adubação, coletaram-se amostras de solos, nas camadas de 0-20 e 20-40 cm, para avaliação da densidade aparente, densidade de partícula, porosidade total, grau de dispersão, grau de floculação, índice de estabilidade de agregados, diâmetro médio ponderado, diâmetro médio geométrico e resistência do solo à penetração. O tratamento adicional, correspondente à adubação mineral, não diferiu dos tratamentos correspondentes às adubações com lodo de e...

Em virtude do elevado teor de nutrientes e matéria orgânica o lodo de esgoto tem sido reportado em diversos trabalhos, como excelente adubo orgânico. Entretanto, a presença de metais pesados pode inviabilizar sua utilização agrícola. Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, avaliar os teores de metais pesados no solo e em folhas de milho fertilizado com fosfato natural e composto de lodo de esgoto. O trabalho foi realizado em área experimental do ICA/UFMG, em CAMBISSOLO HÁPLICO, em Montes Claros, MG. Os tratamentos, em esquema fatorial 2 x 4, foram constituídos de 2 doses de fosfato natural reativo (0 e 90 kg ha-1 de P2O5) e 4 doses de composto de lodo de esgoto (0; 25; 50 e 75 Mg ha-1). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados, com 3 repetições dos tratamentos e 180 plantas por parcela. De modo geral, o fosfato natural não influenciou os teores de metais pesados no solo; entretanto, os teores de Cu, Zn e Pb no solo aumentaram com a aplicação de doses de composto de ...

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to evaluate the residual effect of sewage sludge fertilization on yield and nutrition of sunflower in its second cycle. The experiment was carried out from April to August 2012. The treatments consisted of four doses of sewage sludge (0, 10, 20 and 30 t ha-1, dry basis) applied in the first cycle of sunflower, distributed in a randomized block design, with six replicates. Sunflower stem diameter, plant height, capitulum diameter and yield increased with the increment in sewage sludge doses, with maximum values observed with the dose of 30 t ha-1. The contents of calcium and magnesium in the soil, pH, sum of bases, effective and potential cation exchange capacity and base saturation increased, while potential acidity and the contents of manganese and iron in the leaves decreased, with the increment in the residual doses of sewage sludge. There was a reduction in yield and growth characteristics of sunflower in the second cycle; thus, additional fertilization ...

The objective of this work was to determine the adequate nitrogen (N) dose via fertigation associated with the maximum economic production of maize for silage, in two agricultural crops (summer and winter), in the municipality of Canindé de São Francisco-SE, Brazil. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with four replicates. The treatments consisted of four doses of N (0, 80, 160, and 240 kg ha-1) using urea. The cultivar planted was the hybrid Bt Feroz. The evaluated characteristics were as follows: shoot fresh and dry mass productivity, gross and net incomes, the rate of return and net profit margin. There was an interaction between N doses and agricultural crops for all variables. Higher agroeconomic efficiency in the production of maize for silage was obtained from the winter harvest. In the summer crop, the rate of return (1.82) and the net profit margin (45.52%) were highest when the plants were fertigated with 56.04 and 58.92 kg ha-1 of N, respectively. In winter,...

The aim of the current research is to assess the yield and precocity features of five okra varieties (Quiabel, IAC Midori, TPX-49, Valença and Santa Cruz) in Piranhas – Alagoas state/Brazil. The experiment was conducted in Alagoas Federal Institute, from February to May 2019. The experiment followed a randomized block design with four repetitions per treatment; 20 experimental plots, in total. The following variables were assessed after harvesting: fruit length; fruit yield until the 3rd harvest; yield until the 6th harvest; yield until the 9th harvest; yield until the 12th harvest; yield until the 15th harvest and yield until the 18th harvest. Commercial hybrid Quiabel and experimental hybrid TPX-49 had the best yield performance in all harvests: 8,282.98 kg.ha-1 and 6,882.78 kg.ha-1, respectively. Hybrid Quiabel was the most precocious variety in the initial harvests, followed by experimental hybrid TPX-49 and by free pollination Valença varieties. Variety Free pollination Santa C...

Brazil is the third largest corn producer in the world. Despite the country’s position in the maize production ranking, some Brazilian regions have a significantly low maize crop yield, mainly due to lack of management recommendations for it. Thus, the aim of the current study is to evaluate the performance of maize cultivars subjected, or not, to NPK fertilization in Alagoas State hinterland. The experiment was carried out at Federal Institute of Alagoas – Piranhas Campus – from February 2019 to June 2019. It followed a randomized block experimental design at factorial arrangement (5x2), with four repetitions, which totaled 40 experimental plots. The first factor comprised five maize cultivars (BRS Caatingueiro, M274 Morumbi, BRS 2022, Crioula Cateto and AG 1051), whereas the second one encompassed NPK fertilizer application, or not. Fertilization led to the best results in most of the evaluated parameters and to increased grain yield (3,037.7 kg ha-1) in all evaluated cultivars. T...

The objective of this study was to evaluate production in castor bean crop treated with sewage sludge (SS) subjected to different stabilization processes. The experiment was conducted in a Cambisol, with a randomized block design, in subdivided plots, with four replications and six main treatments: without fertilization; fertilization with solarized, composted, vermicomposted, or limed SS; and mineral fertilizer. The secondary treatment was soil depth or plant part. Soil and plant attributes were evaluated by comparing the treatments using the Scott–Knott test (P ≤ 0.05). The fertilization with limed SS resulted in a greater increase in soil fertility-related attributes than with the other fertilizers. The fertilizations increased the P, K, Ca, Mg, and S levels; pH; sum of bases; cation exchange capacity; and the percentage of exchangeable bases in the upper soil layer in comparison to that in the lower layer; however, in general, there was no influence on nutrient content in the pl...

ABSTRACT: This study evaluated the levels of heavy metals in the soil and castor bean plant after fertilization with sewage sludge (SS) subjected to different stabilization processes. The study was conducted in a Haplic Cambisol with the following treatments: control (CO), fertilization with solarized sewage sludge (SSS), composted sewage sludge (CSS), vermi composted sewage sludge (VSS), limed sewage sludge (LSS), and mineral fertilizer (MF). The experimental design included a subdivided plot scheme with fertilization being the primary factor and soil layers or leaf parts being the secondary factor. The data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance and the Scott-Knott test with 5% significance. Fertilization with SSS, CSS, and LSS led to the highest increase in Zn in the soil, mainly in the surface layer. In the leaf tissues, Zn and Cu levels were higher with the CO and SSS treatments, whereas the Ni level was higher with SSS, CSS, VSS, and MF treatments. In general, Zn an...