ce chapitre examine les mobilisations des travailleuses agricoles dans la vallée du Souss au Maro... more ce chapitre examine les mobilisations des travailleuses agricoles dans la vallée du Souss au Maroc, mettant en lumière l’impact des transformations structurelles induites par les politiques néolibérales sur les pratiques et manières de mobilisations. À travers le cas des ouvrières agricoles, nous avons tenté d’analyser les capacités de ces femmes à former un collectif en politique. En effet, cette contribution vise à comprendre comment les mobilisations des travailleuses agricoles s’inscrivent dans le champ politique et l’espace de contestation marocains. Par ailleurs, la lutte des travailleurs de la vallée du Souss met en lumière à la fois la diversité du paysage des protestations au Maroc et une géographie particulière, ainsi que des pratiques de protestation qui ont tendance à être ignorées ou minimisées dans les médias grand public et les analyses politiques. À partir d’une perspective bourdieusienne, ce chapitre aborde le rôle des syndicats dans la transformation sociale, soulignant la nécessité d’une adaptation face à l’insécurité sociale croissante. Il examine la mobilisation des travailleurs agricoles, leurs revendications pour des conditions de travail plus équitables, et la manière dont les syndicats ont contribué à ces luttes. Néanmoins, il souligne la complexité des relations entre les syndicats et les ouvrières agricoles, mettant en question leur capacité à unifier les luttes et à représenter pleinement les travailleurs précaires. Enfin, cette contribution explore la quête d’autonomie des travailleurs à travers des occupations, illustrant les défis du champ syndical dans la recherche d’une transformation sociale émancipatrice.
In 2016, the Rif witnessed popular and political mobilisations. After more than six months of ral... more In 2016, the Rif witnessed popular and political mobilisations. After more than six months of rally, the Moroccan State’s crackdown on the protest has led to the arrests of over 450 protesters and activists. Following this authoritarian backlash, Moroccan political activists and rights groups had to adjust their human rights activism under this restrictive and repressive regime. This article aims at in-depth analysing through participatory observation and interviews how these groups are reclaiming human rights as a politics of resistance. Through the Committee in Solidarity with Hirak’s Political Prisoners in Casablanca and international rights groups, this article will analyse the involvement of political activists and international rights groups within an authoritarian and repressive regime. This article argues that the use of human rights discourse was a common ground for different political and human rights actors to serve the struggle for the liberation of the Hirak’s political prisoners.
What does it mean to live a rural life in Morocco? How do farmers participate in rural politics? ... more What does it mean to live a rural life in Morocco? How do farmers participate in rural politics? How does the transformation of peasant farming inform us about rural life's social and political organization? These central questions guide Karen E. Rignall's book An Elusive Common: Land, Politics, and the Agrarian Rurality in a Moroccan Oasis. At the heart of the argument, Rignall shows how rural dwellers invented new rurality (p. 5) to adjust to the new reality (global circuits of capital and labour) facing rural life. Within this, land and farming became the object of their struggle. An Elusive Common invites the reader to examine southeast Morocco's agrarian political and social transformation over the last century. Furthermore, Rignall attempts to look at the ways in which the integration of southeast Morocco into global circuits of capital, the impact of colonialism on the political landscape, and labour out-migration disorganized the racialized system of farming and sharecropping. Impressively, the book relies upon 1 year of fieldwork from December 2009 until December 2010 in three villages in the Mgoun Valley in southeast Morocco (viz. El Harte, Rbat and Imzline, and El Bour n'Ait Yayha) and uses qualitative and quantitative methods. The quantitative approach consisted of a survey of 306 households in 2014. At the same time, the qualitative method involves a rich ethnography of land, labour, and community in the field sites, including testimonies of southeast Morocco's oasis inhabitants and the organization of their rural community. This combination of qualitative and quantitative methods has enriched the book's argument. The first chapter aims to set the scene of Morocco's customary law and land tenure in Rignall's three main fieldwork sites: El Harte, Rbat and Imzline, and El Bour n'Ait Yayha. These three sites show how inhabitants use customary law in their struggles. The first part of chapter one provides an overview of customary governance and its relationship to the legal regime in which the jma'a (community) and individuals own the land. Rignall demonstrates how colonial authority designed bureaucratic and legal opacity regarding the governance of land tenure and collective land, which the post-colonial states inherited. These legal ambiguities, Rignall argues, were used by the three communities to make their claims over land. At the same time, the author makes a claim against the romanticization of customs and the community by showing how labour migration to Europe at the beginning of the 1960s produced a new social and economic landscape. Indeed, through remittances, sharecroppers were able to transition to landowners and develop commercial agriculture. Thus, capital accumulation, in this case, allowed marginalized inhabitants of southeast Morocco to gain upward mobility and "secure their autonomy" (p. 76). The Mgoun Valley is not limited to its fields of roses. Indeed, at the edge of the region are former French barracks built in adobe, where hundreds of political prisoners were held during the 1970s and 1980s. Rignall starts this chapter by describing the prison in Kelaat M'gouna and its political pluralism "as a metaphor for this plural political landscape, marking the changing presence of the state and the unique relationship of rural areas like the Mgoun
ce chapitre examine les mobilisations des travailleuses agricoles dans la vallée du Souss au Maro... more ce chapitre examine les mobilisations des travailleuses agricoles dans la vallée du Souss au Maroc, mettant en lumière l’impact des transformations structurelles induites par les politiques néolibérales sur les pratiques et manières de mobilisations. À travers le cas des ouvrières agricoles, nous avons tenté d’analyser les capacités de ces femmes à former un collectif en politique. En effet, cette contribution vise à comprendre comment les mobilisations des travailleuses agricoles s’inscrivent dans le champ politique et l’espace de contestation marocains. Par ailleurs, la lutte des travailleurs de la vallée du Souss met en lumière à la fois la diversité du paysage des protestations au Maroc et une géographie particulière, ainsi que des pratiques de protestation qui ont tendance à être ignorées ou minimisées dans les médias grand public et les analyses politiques. À partir d’une perspective bourdieusienne, ce chapitre aborde le rôle des syndicats dans la transformation sociale, soulignant la nécessité d’une adaptation face à l’insécurité sociale croissante. Il examine la mobilisation des travailleurs agricoles, leurs revendications pour des conditions de travail plus équitables, et la manière dont les syndicats ont contribué à ces luttes. Néanmoins, il souligne la complexité des relations entre les syndicats et les ouvrières agricoles, mettant en question leur capacité à unifier les luttes et à représenter pleinement les travailleurs précaires. Enfin, cette contribution explore la quête d’autonomie des travailleurs à travers des occupations, illustrant les défis du champ syndical dans la recherche d’une transformation sociale émancipatrice.
In 2016, the Rif witnessed popular and political mobilisations. After more than six months of ral... more In 2016, the Rif witnessed popular and political mobilisations. After more than six months of rally, the Moroccan State’s crackdown on the protest has led to the arrests of over 450 protesters and activists. Following this authoritarian backlash, Moroccan political activists and rights groups had to adjust their human rights activism under this restrictive and repressive regime. This article aims at in-depth analysing through participatory observation and interviews how these groups are reclaiming human rights as a politics of resistance. Through the Committee in Solidarity with Hirak’s Political Prisoners in Casablanca and international rights groups, this article will analyse the involvement of political activists and international rights groups within an authoritarian and repressive regime. This article argues that the use of human rights discourse was a common ground for different political and human rights actors to serve the struggle for the liberation of the Hirak’s political prisoners.
What does it mean to live a rural life in Morocco? How do farmers participate in rural politics? ... more What does it mean to live a rural life in Morocco? How do farmers participate in rural politics? How does the transformation of peasant farming inform us about rural life's social and political organization? These central questions guide Karen E. Rignall's book An Elusive Common: Land, Politics, and the Agrarian Rurality in a Moroccan Oasis. At the heart of the argument, Rignall shows how rural dwellers invented new rurality (p. 5) to adjust to the new reality (global circuits of capital and labour) facing rural life. Within this, land and farming became the object of their struggle. An Elusive Common invites the reader to examine southeast Morocco's agrarian political and social transformation over the last century. Furthermore, Rignall attempts to look at the ways in which the integration of southeast Morocco into global circuits of capital, the impact of colonialism on the political landscape, and labour out-migration disorganized the racialized system of farming and sharecropping. Impressively, the book relies upon 1 year of fieldwork from December 2009 until December 2010 in three villages in the Mgoun Valley in southeast Morocco (viz. El Harte, Rbat and Imzline, and El Bour n'Ait Yayha) and uses qualitative and quantitative methods. The quantitative approach consisted of a survey of 306 households in 2014. At the same time, the qualitative method involves a rich ethnography of land, labour, and community in the field sites, including testimonies of southeast Morocco's oasis inhabitants and the organization of their rural community. This combination of qualitative and quantitative methods has enriched the book's argument. The first chapter aims to set the scene of Morocco's customary law and land tenure in Rignall's three main fieldwork sites: El Harte, Rbat and Imzline, and El Bour n'Ait Yayha. These three sites show how inhabitants use customary law in their struggles. The first part of chapter one provides an overview of customary governance and its relationship to the legal regime in which the jma'a (community) and individuals own the land. Rignall demonstrates how colonial authority designed bureaucratic and legal opacity regarding the governance of land tenure and collective land, which the post-colonial states inherited. These legal ambiguities, Rignall argues, were used by the three communities to make their claims over land. At the same time, the author makes a claim against the romanticization of customs and the community by showing how labour migration to Europe at the beginning of the 1960s produced a new social and economic landscape. Indeed, through remittances, sharecroppers were able to transition to landowners and develop commercial agriculture. Thus, capital accumulation, in this case, allowed marginalized inhabitants of southeast Morocco to gain upward mobility and "secure their autonomy" (p. 76). The Mgoun Valley is not limited to its fields of roses. Indeed, at the edge of the region are former French barracks built in adobe, where hundreds of political prisoners were held during the 1970s and 1980s. Rignall starts this chapter by describing the prison in Kelaat M'gouna and its political pluralism "as a metaphor for this plural political landscape, marking the changing presence of the state and the unique relationship of rural areas like the Mgoun
Uploads
Papers by Fayrouz Yousfi
À partir d’une perspective bourdieusienne, ce chapitre aborde le rôle des syndicats dans la transformation sociale, soulignant la nécessité d’une adaptation face à l’insécurité sociale croissante. Il examine la mobilisation des travailleurs agricoles, leurs revendications pour des conditions de travail plus équitables, et la manière dont les syndicats ont contribué à ces luttes. Néanmoins, il souligne la complexité des relations entre les syndicats et les ouvrières agricoles, mettant en question leur capacité à unifier les luttes et à représenter pleinement les travailleurs précaires. Enfin, cette contribution explore la quête d’autonomie des travailleurs à travers des occupations, illustrant les défis du champ syndical dans la recherche d’une transformation sociale émancipatrice.
Book Reviews by Fayrouz Yousfi
À partir d’une perspective bourdieusienne, ce chapitre aborde le rôle des syndicats dans la transformation sociale, soulignant la nécessité d’une adaptation face à l’insécurité sociale croissante. Il examine la mobilisation des travailleurs agricoles, leurs revendications pour des conditions de travail plus équitables, et la manière dont les syndicats ont contribué à ces luttes. Néanmoins, il souligne la complexité des relations entre les syndicats et les ouvrières agricoles, mettant en question leur capacité à unifier les luttes et à représenter pleinement les travailleurs précaires. Enfin, cette contribution explore la quête d’autonomie des travailleurs à travers des occupations, illustrant les défis du champ syndical dans la recherche d’une transformation sociale émancipatrice.