Ram spermatozoa motile and metabolic activity – potentially predictable pattern of ejaculate fatt... more Ram spermatozoa motile and metabolic activity – potentially predictable pattern of ejaculate fatty acid composition Spermatozoa contain considerably high proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) thus being prone to peroxidation (PO). According to the " membrane pacemaker theory " , regarding spermatozoa, we hypothesized that fatty acid (FA) composition in the ejaculates could dictate spermatozoa metabolic profile whilst retaining vitality and resilience to PO. Samples were collected from four high performing rams (Pramenka) by artificial vagina. Standardized cell concentrations (~300x106 in TRIS-PBS) were evaluated on CASA for compliance with velocity (VSL-μ/s) and linearity index (STR) cutoff nominal values (VSL ≥60, STR ≥0.8). Total of 91 ejaculates have been categorized in three groups: A (not complying with either nominal), B (complying with one nominal), and C (complying with both nominal), each containing 18, 36 and 37 samples, respectively. FA values have be...
Recent studies have shown that dietary fat is gainful to the reproductive performance of dairy co... more Recent studies have shown that dietary fat is gainful to the reproductive performance of dairy cows. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are considered significantly important since they are involved in prostaglandin synthesis and steroid metabolism. Our preliminary study of serum fatty acids composition reveals significantly lower concentration of total serum lipids and PUFA’s in cows with ovarian disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate differences between fatty acid content in follicular fluid (FF) and blood serum of cows with ovarian failures (cysts or static ovaries). Ten high yielding dairy cows from one farm were selected for this study during routine gynecological investigation by ultrasound. Group 1. (n=5) consists of animals with cystic follicles (> 22 mm of inner diameter) and group 2. of cows more than 60 days p.p. (n=5) with static ovaries (largest follicle <10 mm). Follicular fluid sampling was done by ultrasound-guided transvaginal follicle aspiration usi...
Fatty acid composition of foods has a great impact on nutrition and health. Therefore, thе determ... more Fatty acid composition of foods has a great impact on nutrition and health. Therefore, thе determination and knowledge of the fatty acid composition of food is very important for nutrition. Due to the high nutritional characteristics of ostrich meat and its products, the research determining their quality is of topical interest. The aim of the present investigation was the determination of fatty acid composition of ostrich adipose tissue. The content of fatty acids was determined according to AOAC Official
Methods of Analysis and determination was performed using a gas chromatograph with a flame-ionization detector (GC-FID). The results are expressed as a percentage of the total content of fatty acids. The method was validated and whereupon the
following parameters were determined: linearity, precision, recovery, limit of detection and limit of quantification. The repeatability was within of 0.99 to 2.15%, reproducibility from 2.01 to 4.57%, while recovery ranged from 94.89 to 101.03%. According to these results, this method is accurate and precise and can be used for analysis of fatty acids in foods. It was concluded that the content of saturated fatty acids (SFA) accounted 34.75%, of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) 38.37%, of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) 26.88%, of total unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) 65.25% and of desirable fatty acids (DFA) (total unsaturated + stearic acid) 70.37% of the analysed samples. The ratio polyunsaturated/saturated fatty acids accounted 0.77. The most present fatty acid is the oleic (C18:1n9c) with 28.31%, followed by palmitic (C16:0) with 27.12% and linoleic (C18:2n6c) acid with 25.08%. Other fatty acids are contained in significantly lower quantities.
Pollution of surface water presents the major ecological problem in developed industrial world. V... more Pollution of surface water presents the major ecological problem in developed industrial world. Various human activities lead to the deterioration of water quality and mining presents one of those impacts. This need for resources has been proven to have extremely negative influence on all biological as well as physico-chemical characteristics of water. Animals that inhabit waters under severe mining activity diversely respond to environmental changes. The changes of hematological parameters in fish can present the consequences of mining influence on the river water. The objective of this study was to determine how mining activity influence hematological parameters in Vardar chub (Squalius vardarensis). Samples from three rivers in the north-eastern Macedonia were obtained: two under mining influence, Zletovska and Kriva River and Bregalnica River as a non-impacted one. Comparison of the values of hematological parameters (hematocrit (HCT), total serum protein (TSP), refractive index...
Pollution of surface water presents the major ecological problem in developed industrial world. V... more Pollution of surface water presents the major ecological problem in developed industrial world. Various human activities lead to the deterioration of water quality and mining presents one of those impacts. This need for resources has been proven to have extremely negative influence on all biological as well as physico-chemical characteristics of water. Animals that inhabit waters under severe mining activity diversely respond to environmental changes. The changes of hematological parameters in fish can present the consequences of mining influence on the river water. The objective of this study was to determine how mining activity influence hematological parameters in Vardar chub (Squalius vardarensis). Samples from three rivers in the north-eastern Macedonia were obtained: two under mining influence, Zletovska and Kriva River and Bregalnica River as a non-impacted one. Comparison of the values of hematological parameters (hematocrit (HCT), total serum protein (TSP), refractive index...
The purpose of this research was focused on determination of the concentrations of activity of 22... more The purpose of this research was focused on determination of the concentrations of activity of 226 Ra, 232 Th, 40 К and 137 Cs in the soil samples collected from cultivated soil close to several larger cities in the Republic of Macedonia (Tetovo, Veles, Bitola) by using gamma spectrometry. Data show that the average value of activity of 226 Ra and 232 Th are within the range of (25.58-36.48) and (36.55-50.45) Bq kg -1, respectively. While, the concentrations of activity of 40 К in comparison to those obtained for 232 Th and 226 Ra are higher in all analyzed soils samples, showing values within the range of (611.59-781.23) Bq kg -1, the activities of 137 Cs are generally lower and are within the range of (9.33-18.90) Bq kg -1, with the highest activity at a depth of 5 cm, which is well in accordance with the data from the literature. However, 40 К is the only radionuclide which was determined with a significant quantity in the soil samples, and for which one can tell that in all loca...
Veterinary drugs are widely used in modern animal husbandry. Their usage is not only for therapeu... more Veterinary drugs are widely used in modern animal husbandry. Their usage is not only for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes but also for better breeding efficiency. A part of veterinary drugs are used as growth promoters in form of specified compounds or mixtures of compounds. Therefore, among other compounds, steroids and other substances that have similar pharmacological activity are used to improve efficiency of protein conversion. As a result of enhanced protein conversion the growth of animals is faster which lead to earlier slaughter. The aim of this study was to detect levels of β – agonist residues since they are used as additives in the feed. By using ELISA method level of β – agonist was determinate. Total of 49 feed samples were screened for the presence of β–agonist as a part of national monitoring residue plan. The feed samples were collected and delivered by the authorised veterinary inspectors within period of 1 year. The validation process was carried out accordin...
A total of 497 raw milk samples collected at individual farms and collection tanks for milk from ... more A total of 497 raw milk samples collected at individual farms and collection tanks for milk from eight regions from Macedonia were examined for chloramphenicol, sulfonamides, quinolones and tetracyclines from October 2008 until April 2011. Immunoassay methods were used for the determination of chloramphenicol, sulfonamides and quinolones, and high performance liquid chromatography with Diode Array detection was applied for screening of tetracyclines. The methods were validated according to the recommendations laid down by European Commission Decision 2002/657/EC. The obtained data confi rmed that the methods were appropriate for detection of antibiotics determined, at the concentration level of interest. Measured range of concentrations (in μg/kg) was 13.5-147.9 for sulfonamides, 0.6-22.0 for quinolones and 17.4-149.1 for tetracyclines, with calculated mean values (in μg/ kg) 24.7 for sulfonamides, 12.6 for qinolones and 41.9 for tetracyclines. None of the analyzed samples showed pr...
Ram spermatozoa motile and metabolic activity – potentially predictable pattern of ejaculate fatt... more Ram spermatozoa motile and metabolic activity – potentially predictable pattern of ejaculate fatty acid composition Spermatozoa contain considerably high proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) thus being prone to peroxidation (PO). According to the " membrane pacemaker theory " , regarding spermatozoa, we hypothesized that fatty acid (FA) composition in the ejaculates could dictate spermatozoa metabolic profile whilst retaining vitality and resilience to PO. Samples were collected from four high performing rams (Pramenka) by artificial vagina. Standardized cell concentrations (~300x106 in TRIS-PBS) were evaluated on CASA for compliance with velocity (VSL-μ/s) and linearity index (STR) cutoff nominal values (VSL ≥60, STR ≥0.8). Total of 91 ejaculates have been categorized in three groups: A (not complying with either nominal), B (complying with one nominal), and C (complying with both nominal), each containing 18, 36 and 37 samples, respectively. FA values have be...
Recent studies have shown that dietary fat is gainful to the reproductive performance of dairy co... more Recent studies have shown that dietary fat is gainful to the reproductive performance of dairy cows. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are considered significantly important since they are involved in prostaglandin synthesis and steroid metabolism. Our preliminary study of serum fatty acids composition reveals significantly lower concentration of total serum lipids and PUFA’s in cows with ovarian disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate differences between fatty acid content in follicular fluid (FF) and blood serum of cows with ovarian failures (cysts or static ovaries). Ten high yielding dairy cows from one farm were selected for this study during routine gynecological investigation by ultrasound. Group 1. (n=5) consists of animals with cystic follicles (> 22 mm of inner diameter) and group 2. of cows more than 60 days p.p. (n=5) with static ovaries (largest follicle <10 mm). Follicular fluid sampling was done by ultrasound-guided transvaginal follicle aspiration usi...
Fatty acid composition of foods has a great impact on nutrition and health. Therefore, thе determ... more Fatty acid composition of foods has a great impact on nutrition and health. Therefore, thе determination and knowledge of the fatty acid composition of food is very important for nutrition. Due to the high nutritional characteristics of ostrich meat and its products, the research determining their quality is of topical interest. The aim of the present investigation was the determination of fatty acid composition of ostrich adipose tissue. The content of fatty acids was determined according to AOAC Official
Methods of Analysis and determination was performed using a gas chromatograph with a flame-ionization detector (GC-FID). The results are expressed as a percentage of the total content of fatty acids. The method was validated and whereupon the
following parameters were determined: linearity, precision, recovery, limit of detection and limit of quantification. The repeatability was within of 0.99 to 2.15%, reproducibility from 2.01 to 4.57%, while recovery ranged from 94.89 to 101.03%. According to these results, this method is accurate and precise and can be used for analysis of fatty acids in foods. It was concluded that the content of saturated fatty acids (SFA) accounted 34.75%, of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) 38.37%, of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) 26.88%, of total unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) 65.25% and of desirable fatty acids (DFA) (total unsaturated + stearic acid) 70.37% of the analysed samples. The ratio polyunsaturated/saturated fatty acids accounted 0.77. The most present fatty acid is the oleic (C18:1n9c) with 28.31%, followed by palmitic (C16:0) with 27.12% and linoleic (C18:2n6c) acid with 25.08%. Other fatty acids are contained in significantly lower quantities.
Pollution of surface water presents the major ecological problem in developed industrial world. V... more Pollution of surface water presents the major ecological problem in developed industrial world. Various human activities lead to the deterioration of water quality and mining presents one of those impacts. This need for resources has been proven to have extremely negative influence on all biological as well as physico-chemical characteristics of water. Animals that inhabit waters under severe mining activity diversely respond to environmental changes. The changes of hematological parameters in fish can present the consequences of mining influence on the river water. The objective of this study was to determine how mining activity influence hematological parameters in Vardar chub (Squalius vardarensis). Samples from three rivers in the north-eastern Macedonia were obtained: two under mining influence, Zletovska and Kriva River and Bregalnica River as a non-impacted one. Comparison of the values of hematological parameters (hematocrit (HCT), total serum protein (TSP), refractive index...
Pollution of surface water presents the major ecological problem in developed industrial world. V... more Pollution of surface water presents the major ecological problem in developed industrial world. Various human activities lead to the deterioration of water quality and mining presents one of those impacts. This need for resources has been proven to have extremely negative influence on all biological as well as physico-chemical characteristics of water. Animals that inhabit waters under severe mining activity diversely respond to environmental changes. The changes of hematological parameters in fish can present the consequences of mining influence on the river water. The objective of this study was to determine how mining activity influence hematological parameters in Vardar chub (Squalius vardarensis). Samples from three rivers in the north-eastern Macedonia were obtained: two under mining influence, Zletovska and Kriva River and Bregalnica River as a non-impacted one. Comparison of the values of hematological parameters (hematocrit (HCT), total serum protein (TSP), refractive index...
The purpose of this research was focused on determination of the concentrations of activity of 22... more The purpose of this research was focused on determination of the concentrations of activity of 226 Ra, 232 Th, 40 К and 137 Cs in the soil samples collected from cultivated soil close to several larger cities in the Republic of Macedonia (Tetovo, Veles, Bitola) by using gamma spectrometry. Data show that the average value of activity of 226 Ra and 232 Th are within the range of (25.58-36.48) and (36.55-50.45) Bq kg -1, respectively. While, the concentrations of activity of 40 К in comparison to those obtained for 232 Th and 226 Ra are higher in all analyzed soils samples, showing values within the range of (611.59-781.23) Bq kg -1, the activities of 137 Cs are generally lower and are within the range of (9.33-18.90) Bq kg -1, with the highest activity at a depth of 5 cm, which is well in accordance with the data from the literature. However, 40 К is the only radionuclide which was determined with a significant quantity in the soil samples, and for which one can tell that in all loca...
Veterinary drugs are widely used in modern animal husbandry. Their usage is not only for therapeu... more Veterinary drugs are widely used in modern animal husbandry. Their usage is not only for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes but also for better breeding efficiency. A part of veterinary drugs are used as growth promoters in form of specified compounds or mixtures of compounds. Therefore, among other compounds, steroids and other substances that have similar pharmacological activity are used to improve efficiency of protein conversion. As a result of enhanced protein conversion the growth of animals is faster which lead to earlier slaughter. The aim of this study was to detect levels of β – agonist residues since they are used as additives in the feed. By using ELISA method level of β – agonist was determinate. Total of 49 feed samples were screened for the presence of β–agonist as a part of national monitoring residue plan. The feed samples were collected and delivered by the authorised veterinary inspectors within period of 1 year. The validation process was carried out accordin...
A total of 497 raw milk samples collected at individual farms and collection tanks for milk from ... more A total of 497 raw milk samples collected at individual farms and collection tanks for milk from eight regions from Macedonia were examined for chloramphenicol, sulfonamides, quinolones and tetracyclines from October 2008 until April 2011. Immunoassay methods were used for the determination of chloramphenicol, sulfonamides and quinolones, and high performance liquid chromatography with Diode Array detection was applied for screening of tetracyclines. The methods were validated according to the recommendations laid down by European Commission Decision 2002/657/EC. The obtained data confi rmed that the methods were appropriate for detection of antibiotics determined, at the concentration level of interest. Measured range of concentrations (in μg/kg) was 13.5-147.9 for sulfonamides, 0.6-22.0 for quinolones and 17.4-149.1 for tetracyclines, with calculated mean values (in μg/ kg) 24.7 for sulfonamides, 12.6 for qinolones and 41.9 for tetracyclines. None of the analyzed samples showed pr...
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Methods of Analysis and determination was performed using a gas chromatograph with a flame-ionization detector (GC-FID). The results are expressed as a percentage of the total content of fatty acids. The method was validated and whereupon the
following parameters were determined: linearity, precision, recovery, limit of detection and limit of quantification. The repeatability was within of 0.99 to 2.15%, reproducibility from 2.01 to 4.57%, while recovery ranged from 94.89 to 101.03%. According to these results, this method is accurate and precise and can be used for analysis of fatty acids in foods. It was concluded that the content of saturated fatty acids (SFA) accounted 34.75%, of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) 38.37%, of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) 26.88%, of total unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) 65.25% and of desirable fatty acids (DFA) (total unsaturated + stearic acid) 70.37% of the analysed samples. The ratio polyunsaturated/saturated fatty acids accounted 0.77. The most present fatty acid is the oleic (C18:1n9c) with 28.31%, followed by palmitic (C16:0) with 27.12% and linoleic (C18:2n6c) acid with 25.08%. Other fatty acids are contained in significantly lower quantities.
Methods of Analysis and determination was performed using a gas chromatograph with a flame-ionization detector (GC-FID). The results are expressed as a percentage of the total content of fatty acids. The method was validated and whereupon the
following parameters were determined: linearity, precision, recovery, limit of detection and limit of quantification. The repeatability was within of 0.99 to 2.15%, reproducibility from 2.01 to 4.57%, while recovery ranged from 94.89 to 101.03%. According to these results, this method is accurate and precise and can be used for analysis of fatty acids in foods. It was concluded that the content of saturated fatty acids (SFA) accounted 34.75%, of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) 38.37%, of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) 26.88%, of total unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) 65.25% and of desirable fatty acids (DFA) (total unsaturated + stearic acid) 70.37% of the analysed samples. The ratio polyunsaturated/saturated fatty acids accounted 0.77. The most present fatty acid is the oleic (C18:1n9c) with 28.31%, followed by palmitic (C16:0) with 27.12% and linoleic (C18:2n6c) acid with 25.08%. Other fatty acids are contained in significantly lower quantities.