Trained as a chemical engineer and technologist, Professor Dr. Ramlee Mustapha has been appointed as Dean of the Institute for Graduate Studies and Dean of the Faculty of Technical and Vocational Education at Sultan Idris Education University, Malaysia. He is an expert in Engineering Education and Vocational Education and Training.
The purpose of this article is to discuss the role of digital technology or ICT in Islamic educat... more The purpose of this article is to discuss the role of digital technology or ICT in Islamic education of teaching and learning in the classroom. The aim of Islamic education is to cultivate the three key domains of a human: cognitive, affective, and psychomotor. In implementing the digital approach in Islamic education, the teachers need to consider the critical aspects of the teaching and learning processes in a classroom such as creativity, reflectivity, cooperation, and responsibility. The research found out that the focus of the digital approach was to change the old paradigm of traditional teaching to a new paradigm of teaching and learning process in the classroom. Undeniable, the digital technology becomes an important element in Islam, as the main source of information for Muslims all over the globe. Teaching approach using technology facilitated Islamic education in the teaching and learning process in the classroom. The implication of using digital technology enables teach...
Journal of Asian Vocational Education and Training, 2018
The purpose of this study was to identify the innovative thinking, characteristics, and competenc... more The purpose of this study was to identify the innovative thinking, characteristics, and competencies of Malay Small and Medium Enterprise (SME) technopreneurs who graduated from skills training centers. Based on Katarzyna's entrepreneurship theory and the entrepreneurship model by Man et al. and Kuratko innovation model, the three main constructs of the study were selected, namely innovative thinking, characteristics, and competencies of technopreneurs. This study utilized a case study design and the data were collected using varied instruments. The participants were 32 successful Malay technopreneurs in Peninsular Malaysia with a technical and vocational background. The snowballing technique was used to select the participants. The research instruments consisted of technopreneur profiles, questionnaires, interview protocols, observation checklists, and document verification. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The main findings showed that the participants believe that they have innovative thinking, possess characteristics of technopreneurship, and have the competencies of technopreneurship. However, the Malay technopreneurs' major weaknesses as identified in the interview included the lack of support and networking, low leadership competence, poor marketing, lack of raw materials and human resources (skilled workers), and financial difficulties. The findings also showed several new themes emerged such as entrepreneurial personality, internal and external supports, and incubator. In conclusion, this study found that to be successful technopreneurs, they need to have innovative thinking, technopreneurial traits, competencies, and other elements such as perseverance, spirituality, family support, and digital skills. In implication, based on the empirical data, a new framework for technopreneurs is proposed that consisted of key elements such as critical and strategic thinking, problem-solving skills, internal endurance and spirituality, effective networking, talented workers and joining idea-incubator.
Journal of Asian Vocational Education and Training, 2017
This study was designed to determine the constructs to develop a new model of innovative instruct... more This study was designed to determine the constructs to develop a new model of innovative instructional leadership for polytechnics system in Malaysia. The study used Hallinger and Murphy theories as the main underpinning leadership development framework. This study has utilized a model development approach as its research design. In an earlier stage, a modified Delphi technique was used to gather initial data regarding innovative instructional leadership. Eleven experts were selected based on their expertise and experience. They confirmed 13 constructs for the new innovative instructional TVET leadership model. Besides the experts, a stratified random sampling was used to select the polytechnic lecturers. A new instrument was developed which consisted of 13 constructs and 185 items and it was distributed to the lecturers in the selected polytechnics to verify the proposed constructs of the innovative instructional leadership. The empirical data collected were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics that included confirmatory factor analysis. Alarming results showed that the lecturers at the polytechnics disagreed that their administrators possessed the innovative instructional leadership particularly related to strategic thinking, innovative thinking and network management. In addition, the study also found that the administrators of the polytechnics have only moderate level of innovative instructional leadership for most of the constructs. Based on the confirmatory factor analysis, it was found that only 65 items out of 185 items that are valid to measure the innovative instructional leadership in the polytechnics system in Malaysia. In conclusion, this study confirmed the importance of innovative instructional leadership in the polytechnic system in Malaysia. The usage of this model is expected to map the leadership competence of the polytechnics adminstrators.
Journal of Asian Vocational Education and Training, 2015
Skilled human capital is essential in economic development of a country. Despite the importance o... more Skilled human capital is essential in economic development of a country. Despite the importance of technical and vocational education and training (TVET) in providing skilled workforce, students with vocational talent are difficult to be identified in schools due to the lack of a precise instrument to measure specific vocational traits. This conceptual article aims to identify the vocational talented students by determining their attributes. There are numerous studies on vocational interests and personality but few studies on the identification of vocational talent. As such, this article deliberates on theoretical domains and related vocational literature to encapsulate the concept of vocational talent. Further, this study also attempts to decipher the factors influencing vocational choice of students. Based on the relevant theories and previous studies, several important attributes can be identified to determine the traits of vocational talented students. In the future, it is hoped that a rigorous instrument could be constructed to measure the vocational talent.
Journal of Asian Vocational Education and Training, 2019
This study was designed to determine the sustainability of Orang Asli Indigenous Knowledge and Pr... more This study was designed to determine the sustainability of Orang Asli Indigenous Knowledge and Practice of Green Technology (IKPGT) in the field of herbal therapeutic medicine at selected Orang Asli settlements in Peninsular Malaysia. A case study with multiple sites was used as the research design. Interview protocols and observations were used to obtain the qualitative data. The interview involved 13 informants from Mah Meri, Semai, Bateq dan Semaq Beri tribes. The interviews were video and audio-taped, transcribed verbatim, analyzed, and imported into Atlas.ti software for data processing. The findings showed that the Orang Asli tribes were using their indigenous knowledge to prepare traditional herbal medicine to cure certain diseases using selected herbs from the forest. This ethno-medicine especially in herbal therapeutics is pertinent in Orang Asli culture. Orang Asli tribes utilized medicinal plants to heal various health conditions in treating both children and adults. The plants were hand-picked and processed with natural "green" methods without damaging the natural habitat and without using synthetic chemicals. This explorational study found that Orang Asli's practices of making traditional medicine from selected plants were environmentally friendly and could be sustainable if the practices were passed down to the younger generation. However, the younger generation of Orang Asli seemed to be less interested to learn and to practice the making of herbal medicine to treat common illnesses among Orang Asli community. Another major weakness of Orang Asli IKPGT in making therapeutic herbal medicine was the lack of documentation of the medicinal procedures and processes. In conclusion, the main result shows that most Orang Asli tribes still maintain and practice "green technology" based on their indigenous knowledge in their daily lives. As an implication, Orang Asli IKPGT, based on the empirical data, could be used to develop as a new "Green ethno-medicine framework" with respect to Orang Asli traditional herbal medicine preparation.
Journal of Asian Vocational Education Training, 2019
The purpose of this study was to examine the transformation of technology education in Africa in ... more The purpose of this study was to examine the transformation of technology education in Africa in terms of the development of new ergonomic-based curriculum. Case study design was used in this study where selected Nigerian universities were involved. The theoretical framework in this study was based on several theories and models namely Maslow's needs theory, Billett's situational learning theory, Fullan's curriculum change theory and Wilson's mental model. The main variables in this study were: (a) awareness of ergonomics, (b) needs of ergonomics, (c) perception for the introduction of ergonomics, and (d) the constructs for ergonomics-based technology education curriculum. There were two phases in this study-phase one was the needs analysis and phase two was the modified Delphi technique. Participants in this case study were 119 lecturers of technology education from four selected Nigerian universities. Data were collected using a set of questionnaires, open-ended questions and interview protocol. Descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, means and standard deviation were used to describe the empirical data. The main result of the first phase of the study revealed that the respondents concurred that a new ergonomics-based curriculum was needed. In fact, the majority of the lecturers perceived the incorporation of ergonomics into technology education of the Nigerian universities was timely. Several factors were identified as the reasons for the needs of ergonomicsbased technology education by lectures such as the incorporation of ergonomics would enhance employment opportunity for the graduates, broaden technology educators' knowledge and to produce competent graduates. It has been confirmed that ergonomics-based education technology would improve design skills, creativity, thinking skills as well as workplace safety awareness. In the second phase, the results of Delphi interview with 11 experts found that, in the final found (third-round), the experts achieved a final consensus on 18 topics, 42 sub-topics and 4 objectives. The elements listed in the final round were unanimously accepted based on 90% experts' agreement, and the mean of 4.18 and above, and the IQR ≤ 1. Thus, based on the empirical data, a new curriculum of ergonomics-based technology education for Nigerian universities was proposed.
Innovation of Vocational Technology Education, 2016
Green paradigm is emerging in Asia. In order to achieve sustainability, embracing green paradig... more Green paradigm is emerging in Asia. In order to achieve sustainability, embracing green paradigm is critical. The growing significance of sustainability is having a major impact on business, industry, and society as a whole. Hence, preparing the future workforce for the coming green economy is a challenging task for many Asian countries especially in Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) in the post-2015 agenda. As a ground work, transforming TVET in Asia to meet the challenges of the green economy for the purpose of sustainability should begin now. The aim of this paper is to map the sustainable development in terms of green mindset, lifestyle, economy, education, training, employability and sustainability in selected Asian countries. A country’s quantum leap or leap-frogging in sustainable economy is dependent of its transformation of human resources especially in TVET sector. Thus, TVET should be transformed to fit the requirements of the sustainable green ...
The role of universities in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution is changing. New demands ... more The role of universities in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution is changing. New demands associated with living in a highly-technological and globally-competitive world require today’s students to develop non-conventional sets of competencies. In the 21st century, universities are expected to have digital-savvy students. Hence, digital technology is being used to transform assessment and to provide feedback for students’ work. As such, the use of technology-enhanced assessment (TEA) is expected to increase. This article discusses the critical issues of assessment in higher education from varied perspectives. This review signifies critical synthesis of assessment corpus and envisages futuristic world of assessment. The intent is to provide practitioners with tangible alternatives to conventional assessment systems so that they are able to engage and produce more responsive learners. In the old paradigm, assessment in the classroom tends to collect cognitive data − both format...
Since 1996, the technical subjects comprised of Engineering Technology (TK), Engineering Drawing ... more Since 1996, the technical subjects comprised of Engineering Technology (TK), Engineering Drawing (LK) and Inventions (RC) have been introduced as elective subjects for Form 4 and Form 5 students. Examination results for TK, LK and RC from 2006 to 2010 in the Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia (SPM) Examination were less encouraging and shows some declination of students performance. Data from the Ministry of Education also show a decline in students’ enrolment in TK, LK and RC between 10 to 17 percent from 2009 to 2011. Hence, this study was conducted to evaluate on the implementation of TK, LK and RC in the input, process and product dimensions. A CIPP model was used as a conceptual framework for the study. Research design used in this study was programme evaluation. Stratified random sampling was used to select 712 respondents from national secondary schools in Peninsular Malaysia consisted of 159 administrators, 176 teachers and 377 students. Questionnaires, interview protocols and obse...
A critical challenge that faces post-modern society is to attain full employment and sustain econ... more A critical challenge that faces post-modern society is to attain full employment and sustain economic growth in the global economy. The future of Malaysia's competitiveness depends on the knowledge and skills of its workforce. With the advent of K-economy and globalisation, the need for a ...
International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 2019
Women can never be separated from the issue of family commitment in their careers after marriage.... more Women can never be separated from the issue of family commitment in their careers after marriage. The involvement of female engineer shows that it starts to become less and less as the years went by due to the married women facing more conflicts and challenges when they are trying to have a balance between their career and family. Career challenges are anything that prevents future movements from developing or making any progress or any incidents and conditions that make the career development difficult to move forward. Therefore, this study aims to obtain a consensus or an expert agreement regarding career challenges among female engineer who are married. The technique used in this study to identify career challenges is the Modified Delphi Technique. This technique is very suitable and appropriate for exploring new views and opinions taken from a seven-selected panel of experts in an interview with the researchers. With the results obtained from the interview and the approvals from the seven-selected panel of experts, the researchers construct a questionnaire instrument in which it consists of the element of challenges and the items for each challenge. Furthermore, this technique was carried out for three rounds, which started with the expert panel interviews and was followed by a series of a questionnaire survey in the second and third rounds. This cycle of Modified Delphi Technique was then halted when the agreement value or a consensus had been reached by all the panel of experts based on the analysis of Interquartile range (IQR) that has been made.
... ABDUL GHANI ABDULLAH ABD. RAHMAN HJ. ABD AZIZ TANG KEOW NGANG ABSTRAK ... Thousand Oaks, CA: ... more ... ABDUL GHANI ABDULLAH ABD. RAHMAN HJ. ABD AZIZ TANG KEOW NGANG ABSTRAK ... Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Senge, P. 2000. Schools that learn: A fifth discipline fieldbook for educators, parents, and everyone who cares abour education. New York: Doubleday. ...
... Document no. TD/TNC 69.736. Title. Quality assurance across the curriculum: the development o... more ... Document no. TD/TNC 69.736. Title. Quality assurance across the curriculum: the development of quality model for Malaysian secondary and primary schools / RamleeMustapha, Mohd Ashari Idris. Author. Mustapha, Ramlee B.; Idris, Mohd Ashari. ...
The purpose of this article is to discuss the role of digital technology or ICT in Islamic educat... more The purpose of this article is to discuss the role of digital technology or ICT in Islamic education of teaching and learning in the classroom. The aim of Islamic education is to cultivate the three key domains of a human: cognitive, affective, and psychomotor. In implementing the digital approach in Islamic education, the teachers need to consider the critical aspects of the teaching and learning processes in a classroom such as creativity, reflectivity, cooperation, and responsibility. The research found out that the focus of the digital approach was to change the old paradigm of traditional teaching to a new paradigm of teaching and learning process in the classroom. Undeniable, the digital technology becomes an important element in Islam, as the main source of information for Muslims all over the globe. Teaching approach using technology facilitated Islamic education in the teaching and learning process in the classroom. The implication of using digital technology enables teach...
Journal of Asian Vocational Education and Training, 2018
The purpose of this study was to identify the innovative thinking, characteristics, and competenc... more The purpose of this study was to identify the innovative thinking, characteristics, and competencies of Malay Small and Medium Enterprise (SME) technopreneurs who graduated from skills training centers. Based on Katarzyna's entrepreneurship theory and the entrepreneurship model by Man et al. and Kuratko innovation model, the three main constructs of the study were selected, namely innovative thinking, characteristics, and competencies of technopreneurs. This study utilized a case study design and the data were collected using varied instruments. The participants were 32 successful Malay technopreneurs in Peninsular Malaysia with a technical and vocational background. The snowballing technique was used to select the participants. The research instruments consisted of technopreneur profiles, questionnaires, interview protocols, observation checklists, and document verification. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The main findings showed that the participants believe that they have innovative thinking, possess characteristics of technopreneurship, and have the competencies of technopreneurship. However, the Malay technopreneurs' major weaknesses as identified in the interview included the lack of support and networking, low leadership competence, poor marketing, lack of raw materials and human resources (skilled workers), and financial difficulties. The findings also showed several new themes emerged such as entrepreneurial personality, internal and external supports, and incubator. In conclusion, this study found that to be successful technopreneurs, they need to have innovative thinking, technopreneurial traits, competencies, and other elements such as perseverance, spirituality, family support, and digital skills. In implication, based on the empirical data, a new framework for technopreneurs is proposed that consisted of key elements such as critical and strategic thinking, problem-solving skills, internal endurance and spirituality, effective networking, talented workers and joining idea-incubator.
Journal of Asian Vocational Education and Training, 2017
This study was designed to determine the constructs to develop a new model of innovative instruct... more This study was designed to determine the constructs to develop a new model of innovative instructional leadership for polytechnics system in Malaysia. The study used Hallinger and Murphy theories as the main underpinning leadership development framework. This study has utilized a model development approach as its research design. In an earlier stage, a modified Delphi technique was used to gather initial data regarding innovative instructional leadership. Eleven experts were selected based on their expertise and experience. They confirmed 13 constructs for the new innovative instructional TVET leadership model. Besides the experts, a stratified random sampling was used to select the polytechnic lecturers. A new instrument was developed which consisted of 13 constructs and 185 items and it was distributed to the lecturers in the selected polytechnics to verify the proposed constructs of the innovative instructional leadership. The empirical data collected were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics that included confirmatory factor analysis. Alarming results showed that the lecturers at the polytechnics disagreed that their administrators possessed the innovative instructional leadership particularly related to strategic thinking, innovative thinking and network management. In addition, the study also found that the administrators of the polytechnics have only moderate level of innovative instructional leadership for most of the constructs. Based on the confirmatory factor analysis, it was found that only 65 items out of 185 items that are valid to measure the innovative instructional leadership in the polytechnics system in Malaysia. In conclusion, this study confirmed the importance of innovative instructional leadership in the polytechnic system in Malaysia. The usage of this model is expected to map the leadership competence of the polytechnics adminstrators.
Journal of Asian Vocational Education and Training, 2015
Skilled human capital is essential in economic development of a country. Despite the importance o... more Skilled human capital is essential in economic development of a country. Despite the importance of technical and vocational education and training (TVET) in providing skilled workforce, students with vocational talent are difficult to be identified in schools due to the lack of a precise instrument to measure specific vocational traits. This conceptual article aims to identify the vocational talented students by determining their attributes. There are numerous studies on vocational interests and personality but few studies on the identification of vocational talent. As such, this article deliberates on theoretical domains and related vocational literature to encapsulate the concept of vocational talent. Further, this study also attempts to decipher the factors influencing vocational choice of students. Based on the relevant theories and previous studies, several important attributes can be identified to determine the traits of vocational talented students. In the future, it is hoped that a rigorous instrument could be constructed to measure the vocational talent.
Journal of Asian Vocational Education and Training, 2019
This study was designed to determine the sustainability of Orang Asli Indigenous Knowledge and Pr... more This study was designed to determine the sustainability of Orang Asli Indigenous Knowledge and Practice of Green Technology (IKPGT) in the field of herbal therapeutic medicine at selected Orang Asli settlements in Peninsular Malaysia. A case study with multiple sites was used as the research design. Interview protocols and observations were used to obtain the qualitative data. The interview involved 13 informants from Mah Meri, Semai, Bateq dan Semaq Beri tribes. The interviews were video and audio-taped, transcribed verbatim, analyzed, and imported into Atlas.ti software for data processing. The findings showed that the Orang Asli tribes were using their indigenous knowledge to prepare traditional herbal medicine to cure certain diseases using selected herbs from the forest. This ethno-medicine especially in herbal therapeutics is pertinent in Orang Asli culture. Orang Asli tribes utilized medicinal plants to heal various health conditions in treating both children and adults. The plants were hand-picked and processed with natural "green" methods without damaging the natural habitat and without using synthetic chemicals. This explorational study found that Orang Asli's practices of making traditional medicine from selected plants were environmentally friendly and could be sustainable if the practices were passed down to the younger generation. However, the younger generation of Orang Asli seemed to be less interested to learn and to practice the making of herbal medicine to treat common illnesses among Orang Asli community. Another major weakness of Orang Asli IKPGT in making therapeutic herbal medicine was the lack of documentation of the medicinal procedures and processes. In conclusion, the main result shows that most Orang Asli tribes still maintain and practice "green technology" based on their indigenous knowledge in their daily lives. As an implication, Orang Asli IKPGT, based on the empirical data, could be used to develop as a new "Green ethno-medicine framework" with respect to Orang Asli traditional herbal medicine preparation.
Journal of Asian Vocational Education Training, 2019
The purpose of this study was to examine the transformation of technology education in Africa in ... more The purpose of this study was to examine the transformation of technology education in Africa in terms of the development of new ergonomic-based curriculum. Case study design was used in this study where selected Nigerian universities were involved. The theoretical framework in this study was based on several theories and models namely Maslow's needs theory, Billett's situational learning theory, Fullan's curriculum change theory and Wilson's mental model. The main variables in this study were: (a) awareness of ergonomics, (b) needs of ergonomics, (c) perception for the introduction of ergonomics, and (d) the constructs for ergonomics-based technology education curriculum. There were two phases in this study-phase one was the needs analysis and phase two was the modified Delphi technique. Participants in this case study were 119 lecturers of technology education from four selected Nigerian universities. Data were collected using a set of questionnaires, open-ended questions and interview protocol. Descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, means and standard deviation were used to describe the empirical data. The main result of the first phase of the study revealed that the respondents concurred that a new ergonomics-based curriculum was needed. In fact, the majority of the lecturers perceived the incorporation of ergonomics into technology education of the Nigerian universities was timely. Several factors were identified as the reasons for the needs of ergonomicsbased technology education by lectures such as the incorporation of ergonomics would enhance employment opportunity for the graduates, broaden technology educators' knowledge and to produce competent graduates. It has been confirmed that ergonomics-based education technology would improve design skills, creativity, thinking skills as well as workplace safety awareness. In the second phase, the results of Delphi interview with 11 experts found that, in the final found (third-round), the experts achieved a final consensus on 18 topics, 42 sub-topics and 4 objectives. The elements listed in the final round were unanimously accepted based on 90% experts' agreement, and the mean of 4.18 and above, and the IQR ≤ 1. Thus, based on the empirical data, a new curriculum of ergonomics-based technology education for Nigerian universities was proposed.
Innovation of Vocational Technology Education, 2016
Green paradigm is emerging in Asia. In order to achieve sustainability, embracing green paradig... more Green paradigm is emerging in Asia. In order to achieve sustainability, embracing green paradigm is critical. The growing significance of sustainability is having a major impact on business, industry, and society as a whole. Hence, preparing the future workforce for the coming green economy is a challenging task for many Asian countries especially in Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) in the post-2015 agenda. As a ground work, transforming TVET in Asia to meet the challenges of the green economy for the purpose of sustainability should begin now. The aim of this paper is to map the sustainable development in terms of green mindset, lifestyle, economy, education, training, employability and sustainability in selected Asian countries. A country’s quantum leap or leap-frogging in sustainable economy is dependent of its transformation of human resources especially in TVET sector. Thus, TVET should be transformed to fit the requirements of the sustainable green ...
The role of universities in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution is changing. New demands ... more The role of universities in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution is changing. New demands associated with living in a highly-technological and globally-competitive world require today’s students to develop non-conventional sets of competencies. In the 21st century, universities are expected to have digital-savvy students. Hence, digital technology is being used to transform assessment and to provide feedback for students’ work. As such, the use of technology-enhanced assessment (TEA) is expected to increase. This article discusses the critical issues of assessment in higher education from varied perspectives. This review signifies critical synthesis of assessment corpus and envisages futuristic world of assessment. The intent is to provide practitioners with tangible alternatives to conventional assessment systems so that they are able to engage and produce more responsive learners. In the old paradigm, assessment in the classroom tends to collect cognitive data − both format...
Since 1996, the technical subjects comprised of Engineering Technology (TK), Engineering Drawing ... more Since 1996, the technical subjects comprised of Engineering Technology (TK), Engineering Drawing (LK) and Inventions (RC) have been introduced as elective subjects for Form 4 and Form 5 students. Examination results for TK, LK and RC from 2006 to 2010 in the Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia (SPM) Examination were less encouraging and shows some declination of students performance. Data from the Ministry of Education also show a decline in students’ enrolment in TK, LK and RC between 10 to 17 percent from 2009 to 2011. Hence, this study was conducted to evaluate on the implementation of TK, LK and RC in the input, process and product dimensions. A CIPP model was used as a conceptual framework for the study. Research design used in this study was programme evaluation. Stratified random sampling was used to select 712 respondents from national secondary schools in Peninsular Malaysia consisted of 159 administrators, 176 teachers and 377 students. Questionnaires, interview protocols and obse...
A critical challenge that faces post-modern society is to attain full employment and sustain econ... more A critical challenge that faces post-modern society is to attain full employment and sustain economic growth in the global economy. The future of Malaysia's competitiveness depends on the knowledge and skills of its workforce. With the advent of K-economy and globalisation, the need for a ...
International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 2019
Women can never be separated from the issue of family commitment in their careers after marriage.... more Women can never be separated from the issue of family commitment in their careers after marriage. The involvement of female engineer shows that it starts to become less and less as the years went by due to the married women facing more conflicts and challenges when they are trying to have a balance between their career and family. Career challenges are anything that prevents future movements from developing or making any progress or any incidents and conditions that make the career development difficult to move forward. Therefore, this study aims to obtain a consensus or an expert agreement regarding career challenges among female engineer who are married. The technique used in this study to identify career challenges is the Modified Delphi Technique. This technique is very suitable and appropriate for exploring new views and opinions taken from a seven-selected panel of experts in an interview with the researchers. With the results obtained from the interview and the approvals from the seven-selected panel of experts, the researchers construct a questionnaire instrument in which it consists of the element of challenges and the items for each challenge. Furthermore, this technique was carried out for three rounds, which started with the expert panel interviews and was followed by a series of a questionnaire survey in the second and third rounds. This cycle of Modified Delphi Technique was then halted when the agreement value or a consensus had been reached by all the panel of experts based on the analysis of Interquartile range (IQR) that has been made.
... ABDUL GHANI ABDULLAH ABD. RAHMAN HJ. ABD AZIZ TANG KEOW NGANG ABSTRAK ... Thousand Oaks, CA: ... more ... ABDUL GHANI ABDULLAH ABD. RAHMAN HJ. ABD AZIZ TANG KEOW NGANG ABSTRAK ... Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Senge, P. 2000. Schools that learn: A fifth discipline fieldbook for educators, parents, and everyone who cares abour education. New York: Doubleday. ...
... Document no. TD/TNC 69.736. Title. Quality assurance across the curriculum: the development o... more ... Document no. TD/TNC 69.736. Title. Quality assurance across the curriculum: the development of quality model for Malaysian secondary and primary schools / RamleeMustapha, Mohd Ashari Idris. Author. Mustapha, Ramlee B.; Idris, Mohd Ashari. ...
Uploads
Papers by Ramlee B Mustapha