Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Skip to main content
International medical graduates (IMGs) seeking licensure in Canada have been recruited to practise in medically underserviced areas, but retention of these physicians remains a concern. This study explored retention of IMG family... more
International medical graduates (IMGs) seeking licensure in Canada have been recruited to practise in medically underserviced areas, but retention of these physicians remains a concern. This study explored retention of IMG family physicians in Manitoba and its predictors. We used data from the University of Manitoba, provincial registries and Manitoba Health. Inclusion criteria were IMGs who completed University of Manitoba IMG training or assessment programs, and their return-of-service. Practice location, certification and licensure status were examined. We used logistic regression to consider the effects of a mentorship program, Manitoba residency at application, IMG program and years since program graduation on retention. A total of 197 IMGs met the inclusion criteria. Most IMGs (63.5%) remained in Manitoba, and 59.2% of this group practised outside of Winnipeg. Of those remaining in Manitoba, most (69.6%) held full provincial licensure and national certification. The regression...
INTRODUCTION International medical graduates (IMGs) seeking licensure in Canada have been recruited to practise in medically underserviced areas, but retention of these physicians remains a concern. This study explored retention of IMG... more
INTRODUCTION International medical graduates (IMGs) seeking licensure in Canada have been recruited to practise in medically underserviced areas, but retention of these physicians remains a concern. This study explored retention of IMG family physicians in Manitoba and its predictors. METHODS We used data from the University of Manitoba, provincial registries and Manitoba Health. Inclusion criteria were IMGs who completed University of Manitoba IMG training or assessment programs, and their return-of-service. Practice location, certification and licensure status were examined. We used logistic regression to consider the effects of a mentorship program, Manitoba residency at application, IMG program and years since program graduation on retention. RESULTS A total of 197 IMGs met the inclusion criteria. Most IMGs (63.5%) remained in Manitoba, and 59.2% of this group practised outside of Winnipeg. Of those remaining in Manitoba, most (69.6%) held full provincial licensure and national ...
Few studies have examined a diversity of professionals’ perspectives in providing children’s mental health (CMH) care, particularly for ongoing-complex problems. Based on interviews with 16 primary...
ABSTRACT The use of cultigens and wild plants by pre-contact populations is well established in all regions of the circum-Caribbean and Greater Antilles except for Cuba, the largest island in the Caribbean. We examine a population... more
ABSTRACT The use of cultigens and wild plants by pre-contact populations is well established in all regions of the circum-Caribbean and Greater Antilles except for Cuba, the largest island in the Caribbean. We examine a population traditionally understood by Cuban archaeologists as " fisheregatherers " from the shell-matrix site of Canímar Abajo, Cuba to examine subsistence practices using a combination of starch evidence from dental calculus, aided by human bone collagen carbon and nitrogen isotope based probability analyses (Stable Isotope Analysis in R; SIAR). This dual analysis suggests that two chronologically distinct " fisheregatherer " Cuban populations (11 adult skeletons from the older cemetery component, 1380e800 BCE; 23 adult skeletons from the younger cemetery component, 360e950 CE) from Canímar Abajo used at least two species of cultigens (beans and maize and/or sweet potatoes) along with wild plant species and various readily available estuarine, marine and terrestrial animal resources.
Twelve accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon dates from the shell-matrix site of Canímar Abajo (Matanzas, Cuba) are reported. Eleven were obtained directly from human bone collagen in burials and one was obtained from charcoal... more
Twelve accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon dates from the shell-matrix site of Canímar Abajo (Matanzas, Cuba) are reported. Eleven were obtained directly from human bone collagen in burials and one was obtained from charcoal recovered from a burial context. The site stratigraphy presents two episodes of burial activity separated by a shell midden layer. The AMS dates fall into two compact clusters that correlate remarkably well with the stratigraphy. The older burial dates to between 1380–800 cal BC (2σ) and the younger one to between cal AD 360–950 (2σ). The AMS dates are compared to eight conventional 14C dates previously obtained on shell and charcoal. One of the conventional dates on charcoal (5480–5380 cal BC; 2σ) has been reported as the oldest 14C date in the Caribbean region; its context and reliability are clarified. The suite of AMS dates provides one of the most reliable chronometric dating of a cultural context during this timeframe in Cuba. The correlation of 14C and stratigraphy establishes a solid chronology for investigating the important economic and ritual features of Canímar Abajo.

DOI: 10.2458/azu_rc.57.18313
Research Interests:
The use of cultigens and wild plants by pre-contact populations is well established in all regions of the circum-Caribbean and Greater Antilles except for Cuba, the largest island in the Caribbean.We examine a population traditionally... more
The use of cultigens and wild plants by pre-contact populations is well established in all regions of the
circum-Caribbean and Greater Antilles except for Cuba, the largest island in the Caribbean.We examine a
population traditionally understood by Cuban archaeologists as “fisheregatherers” from the shell-matrix
site of Canímar Abajo, Cuba to examine subsistence practices using a combination of starch evidence
from dental calculus, aided by human bone collagen carbon and nitrogen isotope based probability
analyses (Stable Isotope Analysis in R; SIAR). This dual analysis suggests that two chronologically distinct
“fisheregatherer” Cuban populations (11 adult skeletons from the older cemetery component, 1380e800
BCE; 23 adult skeletons from the younger cemetery component, 360e950 CE) from Canímar Abajo used
at least two species of cultigens (beans and maize and/or sweet potatoes) along with wild plant species
and various readily available estuarine, marine and terrestrial animal resources.
© 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
A holistic approach is necessary to investigate health in archeological populations. Molecular techniques, particularly multiplex PCR and SNaPshot minisequencing, can be combined with paleopathology and dietary analysis (stable isotope,... more
A holistic approach is necessary to investigate health in archeological populations. Molecular techniques, particularly multiplex PCR and SNaPshot minisequencing, can be combined with paleopathology and dietary analysis (stable isotope, starch, zooarchaeological analyses) to understand aspects of population health. This article demonstrates how spina bifida, a multi-factorial disease characterized by the midline failure to complete vertebral neural arch formation, can be investigated holistically.

Based on skeletal evidence, this disease was prevalent in a pre-Columbian Cuban population from the archeological site of Canimar Abajo (3000-1250 BP). Molecular paleopathological techniques were employed to examine disease potential in this preliminary study, examining 18 individuals (including two individuals with evidence of mild spina bifida, and 16 without such evidence) for four single nucleotide polymorphisms and one insertion sequence associated with spina bifida. The combined effect of these polymorphisms, as well as dietary factors, determines the risk of the population for spina bifida, and these factors united to create the observed high disease prevalence.

We demonstrate how molecular paleopathology, corroborated by dietary analyses, can be used within a paleoepidemiological framework to understand population health and disease.
This preliminary study investigates the diet of a population of humans (n = 28) recovered from a shell matrix site of Canimar Abajo on the Canimar River, Matanzas Province, Cuba. The site is characterized by two cemetery levels separated... more
This preliminary study investigates the diet of a population of humans (n = 28) recovered from a shell matrix site of Canimar Abajo on the Canimar River, Matanzas Province, Cuba. The site is characterized by two cemetery levels separated by a layer of occupation/ritual/midden activity that lasted 1.5 ka. Stable C (d13C) and N (d15N) isotope analysis of human bone collagen samples obtained from individuals (7 infant/juveniles, and 21 adults) from both cemetery levels was conducted in order to reconstruct the diet of these two populations, investigate the relative importance of marine vs. terrestrial resources, and reveal any sex- and age-related distinctions in their food sources. Initial indications suggest that individuals from both cemetery levels consumed diets that were marine resource intensive but also supplemented with varied additions of terrestrial (mostly plant) resources. This supplementation is particularly evident in the later cemetery population. Though there are no significant differences in diet according to sex, there is a trophic level and terrestrial-based shift for breastfed and weaning infant/juveniles. The infant/juveniles showed evidence of being weaned through distinct d15N enrichments and d13C depletions over adult females.