Blerand Bahtiri

What transportation means corporations choose for satisfying their mobility needs may have an essential impact on the environment. Choosing environmental friendly, alternatives such as battery driven light electric vehicles, would mean drastically contributing to a more sustainable environment. Meanwhile as carsharing solutions, continuously rise in popularity together with other sharing economy business models so do their possibilities to satisfy the mobility needs for corporations either by them implementing their own carsharing service or by investing on external services offered by established carsharing operators. This thesis has investigated and designed for a Zbee based corporate carsharing service, to be used between the affiliates of Vinngroup in Gothenburg. A Zbee is a light electric three-wheeled vehicle. Based on user-centred service design methods, methods suggested for sharing economy solutions, as well as user experience design methods, this thesis identified that use...

目的研究小檗碱、巴马汀和药根碱在大鼠原代细胞的胆汁外排特征。 方法建立“三明治”培养大鼠原代肝细胞(sandwich cultured rat hepatocytes, SCRH)模型, 分别加入小檗碱、巴马汀、药根碱, 在含Ca2+和无Ca2+缓冲液中孵育, 采用UPLC-MS/MS分别测定3种生物碱的细胞蓄积量, 计算胆汁排泄指数和胆汁清除率, 评价小檗碱、巴马汀、药根碱在大鼠原代细胞的胆汁外排特征; 并考察P-gp、Mrp2抑制剂对3种活性成分在SCRH细胞模型中的外排转运影响。 结果随着孵育时间的延长, 3种生物碱的细胞蓄积量增加, 且含Ca2+条件下的细胞蓄积量与无Ca2+条件下相比具有明显差异; P-gp抑制剂环孢素A、维拉帕米均能减少小檗碱、巴马汀、药根碱的胆汁排泄, 且呈浓度依赖性, Mrp2抑制剂MK571、丙磺舒对3种生物碱的胆汁排泄无明显影响。 结论小檗碱、巴马汀、药根碱均经过胆汁外排, P-gp介导了3种生物碱的胆汁外排, Mrp2未参与其胆汁排泄。