Sarangam Majumdar
University of Hamburg, Mathematics, Graduate Student
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Noise plays an important role in science, engineering as well as in biological systems. The destructive role of noise has been extensively discussed in communication systems. The discovery of the phenomena called stochastic resonance... more
Noise plays an important role in science, engineering as well as in biological systems. The destructive role of noise has been extensively discussed in communication systems. The discovery of the phenomena called stochastic resonance clearly indicates the constructive role of noise for the nonlinear systems and hence in case of biological systems. Here in this chapter we discuss the important role of noise in cellular communication and sensory biology. Finally brief discussion is initiated on the concept of randomness and noise in science and engineering.
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The recent findings confirm that bacteria communicate each other through chemical and electrical signals. Bacteria use chemical signaling molecules which are called as quorum sensing molecules (QSMs) or autoinducers. Moreover, the ion... more
The recent findings confirm that bacteria communicate each other through chemical and electrical signals. Bacteria use chemical signaling molecules which are called as quorum sensing molecules (QSMs) or autoinducers. Moreover, the ion channels in bacteria conduct a long-range electrical signaling within biofilm communities through propagated waves of potassium ions and biofilms attracts other bacterial species too. Both communication process are used by bacteria to make their own survival strategies. In this article, we model this bacterial communication mechanism by complex Ginzburg-Landau equation and discuss the formation of patterns depending on kinematic viscosity associated with internal noise. Again, the potassium wave propagation is described by the non-linear Schrodinger equation in a dissipative environment. By adding perturbation to non-linear Schrodinger equation one arrives at Complex Ginzburg-Landau equation. In this paper we emphasize that at the cellular level (bacte...
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Bacteria within biofilms can coordinate their behavior through distinct from of communication mechanism. The well established cell to cell signaling process in bacteria is known as quorum sensing through chemical signaling molecules.... more
Bacteria within biofilms can coordinate their behavior through distinct from of communication mechanism. The well established cell to cell signaling process in bacteria is known as quorum sensing through chemical signaling molecules. Recently, another cell to cell communication process based on ion channel mediated electrical signaling has also been observed. In this article, we propose a novel approach to explain the role of coherence and phase synchronization in the cell to cell bacterial communication. The observable long range coherent electrical signaling is species independent and it is caused by membrane potential dependent modulation of tumbling frequency. Moreover, noise can play a constructive role in enhancing the synchronization of chaotic bacterial communication systems and noise associated with the opening and closing the gate of ion channel induce small kinetic viscosity that make a wave like pattern in concentration profile of quorum sensing.
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It has long been recognized that certain bacterial groups exhibit cooperative behavioral patterns. Bacteria accomplish such communication via exchange of extracellular signaling molecules called pheromones(autoinducer or quorum sensing... more
It has long been recognized that certain bacterial groups exhibit cooperative behavioral patterns. Bacteria accomplish such communication via exchange of extracellular signaling molecules called pheromones(autoinducer or quorum sensing molecules). As the bacterial culture grows, signal molecules are released into extracellular milieu accumulate, changing water fluidity. Under such threshold conditions swimming bacterial suspensions impose a coordinated water movement on a length scale of the order 10 to 100 micrometers compared with a bacterial size of the order of 3 micrometers.Here, we investigate the non-local hydrodynamics of the quorum state and pattern formation using forced Burgers equation with Kwak transformation. Such approach resulted in the conversion of the Burgers equation paradigm into a reaction-diffusion system. The examination of the dynamics of the quorum sensing system, both analytically as well as numerically result in similar long-time dynamical behaviour.
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Cell-to-cell communication processes in the bacterial world can be considered as a collective bacterial behavior, which is coordinated by chemical signaling molecules (autoinducers, quorum sensing molecules, or pheromones). This complex... more
Cell-to-cell communication processes in the bacterial world can be considered as a collective bacterial behavior, which is coordinated by chemical signaling molecules (autoinducers, quorum sensing molecules, or pheromones). This complex biological process is termed the quorum sensing mechanism, which is considered a density-dependent bacterial communication system. As the bacterial culture grows, signal molecules are released into the extracellular milieu and accumulate, changing water fluidity. Under such threshold conditions, swimming bacterial suspensions impose a coordinated water movement on a length scale of the order of 10 to 100 micrometers compared with a bacterial size of the order of 3 micrometers. Here, we propose a non-local hydrodynamics of the quorum state and wave-like pattern formation using the forced Burgers equation with Kwak transformation. Such an approach resulted in the conversion of the Burgers equation paradigm into a reaction-diffusion system. The examinat...
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Quorum sensing is a cell-to-cell communication process. This microbial communication process depends on the cell number density. Candida albicans is one of the most commonly studied fungi for quorum sensing. It has been observed that... more
Quorum sensing is a cell-to-cell communication process. This microbial communication process depends on the cell number density. Candida albicans is one of the most commonly studied fungi for quorum sensing. It has been observed that farnesol (quorum sensing molecules) control this communication system. Moreover, aromatic alcohol tyrosol was identified as another fungal quorum sensing molecule in C. albicans. This chapter details the fungal quorum sensing system, quorum sensing molecules controlling growth, biofilm formation, and morphogenesis. Additionally, the chapter also focuses on other fungal quorum sensing mechanisms (including endophytic fungi) and sheds new light on the fungal kingdom.
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Cell communication process mediates the swarming motility (phenotype) of the bacterial community. Swarming phenomena is triggered by the threshold level of chemical signal and secreted factors. This chapter deals with the mathematical... more
Cell communication process mediates the swarming motility (phenotype) of the bacterial community. Swarming phenomena is triggered by the threshold level of chemical signal and secreted factors. This chapter deals with the mathematical framework of the swarming behaviour, which is regulated by quorum sensing. We emphasize on the agent base mathematical model and find out the active zone, where nutrients, high cell density, signal and secreted factors emerge.
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Bacterial biofilm is considered as a complex biological phenomenon. The development of the bacterial biofilms is regulated by quorum sensing mechanism. Biofilms have a significant importance in medical science because it is directly... more
Bacterial biofilm is considered as a complex biological phenomenon. The development of the bacterial biofilms is regulated by quorum sensing mechanism. Biofilms have a significant importance in medical science because it is directly related to life-threatening diseases. This chapter deals with the mathematical models of biofilms formation which includes biomass-nutrients model, quorum sensing regulated biofilms models and early development of biofilms.
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Cell-cell conversation mechanism controls bacterial virulence factors which are considered as sources for different bacterial infection diseases. These pathogenic bacteria are widespread in living systems. Here, we discuss significant... more
Cell-cell conversation mechanism controls bacterial virulence factors which are considered as sources for different bacterial infection diseases. These pathogenic bacteria are widespread in living systems. Here, we discuss significant mathematical formalism (i.e. deterministic and stochastic model) for the process of endosome escape via virulence factor production in S. aureus, competence evoking bacterial communication and quorum sensing inhibitors model.
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Bacterial communication systems regulate virulence factors and play a key role in different bacterial infection diseases. In this chapter, we address the concept of quorum quenching and discuss mathematical models of anti-quorum sensing... more
Bacterial communication systems regulate virulence factors and play a key role in different bacterial infection diseases. In this chapter, we address the concept of quorum quenching and discuss mathematical models of anti-quorum sensing which are useful for the treatment purpose. Models predictions are significant for the future experimentations.
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Synthetic biology is an interdisciplinary subject where we are talking about the rewiring, re-engineering and design principle of the living systems for understanding the undiscovered underlying mechanism of complex biological systems.... more
Synthetic biology is an interdisciplinary subject where we are talking about the rewiring, re-engineering and design principle of the living systems for understanding the undiscovered underlying mechanism of complex biological systems. Here, we discuss mainly synthetic biological approaches related to bacterial communication systems which include genetic toggle switch, repressilator, synthetic bacterial population control circuit, programme pattern formations, synthetic predator–prey model.
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Bacteria are unicellular microorganism, which are found in nature quite often. They talk to each other using chemical signaling process (quorum sensing) and ion-channel mediated electrical signaling mechanism. Quorum sensing is a density... more
Bacteria are unicellular microorganism, which are found in nature quite often. They talk to each other using chemical signaling process (quorum sensing) and ion-channel mediated electrical signaling mechanism. Quorum sensing is a density dependent bacterial collective behaviour and/or cell-to -cell communication mechanism. This widespread bacterial behaviour is related with biofilm formation, gene expression, swarming, virulence and bioluminescence. In a recent realization (experimental and theoretical study), it was observed that bacteria can also talk to each other through the wave of potassium and an oscillatory dynamics was noticed in bacterial biofilms. In this present chapter, we present two different mathematical frameworks of bacterial communication system. The first model is based on the bacterial density dependent behaviour with up-regulation and down-regulation of the production of quorum sensing molecules. Second model, we introduce two different types of the bacterial c...
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Besides bacterial quorum sensing mechanism through chemical molecules, bacteria communicate also through electrical signalling mechanism. This electrical communication process is mediated by potassium ion-channels. Here, we explore the... more
Besides bacterial quorum sensing mechanism through chemical molecules, bacteria communicate also through electrical signalling mechanism. This electrical communication process is mediated by potassium ion-channels. Here, we explore the reconciliation in bacterial biofilms, metabolic codependence model with extended version, potassium ion-channel based electrical communication systems in bacteria communities, electrical attraction to biofilms and time-sharing behaviour.
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In this chapter, we are accumulating significant experimental results of the quorum sensing mechanism over the last few decades. We summarize important experimental observations of several talking bacteria such as Vibrio fischeri,... more
In this chapter, we are accumulating significant experimental results of the quorum sensing mechanism over the last few decades. We summarize important experimental observations of several talking bacteria such as Vibrio fischeri, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Erwinia carotovora, Vibrio harveyi, Vibrio anguillarum, Yersinia enterocolitica, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas salmonicida, Serratia liquefaciens, Salmonella typhimurium, Ralstonia solanacearum, Rhizobium etli, Rhodobacter sphaeroides, Rhizobium leguminosarum, Burkholderia cepacia, Chromobacterium violaceum, Erwinia chrysanthemi, Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholerae, Streptococcus pneumonic, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus.
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The pattern of the biomass specific growth rate is an important focus for many biotechnological applications. Several control strategies have been employed to describe version of the exponential phase of growth of microorganisms.... more
The pattern of the biomass specific growth rate is an important focus for many biotechnological applications. Several control strategies have been employed to describe version of the exponential phase of growth of microorganisms. Moreover, in some bioprocesses there is more than one feeding substrates required for the specific growth. Hence, the problem of estimating multiple substrate consumption rates together with the specific growth rate of the microorganism becomes applicable. In this context, the dynamics behaviour of fed-batch process with multiple substrates (dextrose and peptone) and kinetics is further investigated in Beauveria bassiana. Different features of the proposed model are assessed by numerical simulation in different scenarios.
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Research Interests: Physics and Nuerosciences
ABSTRACT Different types of Quorum Sensing in Bacteria, both intra-species and inter-species, have been analyzed over the last decade. A number of Mathematical Models has been proposed to explain the process of Quorum Sensing which... more
ABSTRACT Different types of Quorum Sensing in Bacteria, both intra-species and inter-species, have been analyzed over the last decade. A number of Mathematical Models has been proposed to explain the process of Quorum Sensing which depends on a threshold concentration of autoinducers (or QSM) reflecting high bacterial density. Stability of the solution of the differential equations of such an intra-species model for Vibrio fischeri is discussed in this paper.
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Keeping a pace with Quorum sensing, analyzing communication shows the close co-evolution of fungi with organisms present in their environment giving insights into multispecies communication. Subsequently, many examples of cell density... more
Keeping a pace with Quorum sensing, analyzing communication shows the close co-evolution of fungi with organisms present in their environment giving insights into multispecies communication. Subsequently, many examples of cell density dependent regulation by extracellular factors have been found in diverse microorganisms. The widespread incidence of diverse quorum-sensing systems strongly suggests that regulation in accordance with cell density is important for the success of microbes in many environments. The paper includes the basic autoregulatory quorum sensing molecules that has been perceived. Although fungal quorum sensing research is still in its infancy, its discovery has changed our views about the fungal kingdom and could eventually lead to the development of new antifungal therapeutics.
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Fuzzy system of linear equation is a well-known linear system where the parameters are fuzzy numbers. Some authors are proposed different approach to solve the fuzzy linear systems. Here we present fuzzy complex system of linear equations... more
Fuzzy system of linear equation is a well-known linear system where the parameters are fuzzy numbers. Some authors are proposed different approach to solve the fuzzy linear systems. Here we present fuzzy complex system of linear equations in general and solve this type of complex problems by direct and iterative methods. Numerical methods based on fuzzy centre have also been proposed to solve this type of system of linear equations with uncertain parameters.
Linear assignment problems are very well known linear programming problems. In a ground reality the entries of the cost matrix is not always crisp. In many application this parameters are uncertain and this uncertain parameters are... more
Linear assignment problems are very well known linear programming problems. In a ground reality the entries of the cost matrix is not always crisp. In many application this parameters are uncertain and this uncertain parameters are represented by interval. In this contribution we propose interval Hungarian method and consider interval analysis concept for solving interval linear assignment problems.
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Keeping a pace with Quorum sensing, analyzing communication shows the close co-evolution of fungi with organisms present in their environment giving insights into multispecies communication. Subsequently, many examples of cell density... more
Keeping a pace with Quorum sensing, analyzing communication shows the close co-evolution of fungi with organisms present in their environment giving insights into multispecies communication. Subsequently, many examples of cell density dependent regulation by extracellular factors have been found in diverse microorganisms. The widespread incidence of diverse quorum-sensing systems strongly suggests that regulation in accordance with cell density is important for the success of microbes in many environments. The paper includes the basic autoregulatory quorum sensing molecules that has been perceived. Although fungal quorum sensing research is still in its infancy, its discovery has changed our views about the fungal kingdom and could eventually lead to the development of new antifungal therapeutics.