Hassan Dogo

INTRODUCTION Diabetic patients are at higher risk of developing malignancies. Studies have however suggested a contrasting data, indicating lower risk of prostate cancer in type 2 diabetics. Studies in some parts of the world showed lower PSA levels in diabetic patients, but yet to be verified in African living in Africa. AIM The aim was to determine the levels of PSA in Diabetic and Non-diabetic men in Maiduguri-Nigeria and to ascertain similar lower values in African living in Africa. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a hospital based case-control study that included a total of 132 participants whose ages were from 40 years and above and voluntarily consented to be part of this study. Ethical clearance was obtained from Ethics and Research Committee of the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, structured questionnaire was self-administered. One hundred and four (104) were confirmed type 2 DM male attending Metabolic Clinic University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital and twenty eig...

Background Globalisation of terrorism has led to an increase in the number of injuries from the explosion of improvised explosive devices, with complications resulting from the retained shrapnel. It had been found that a third of those who sustained penetrating spinal cord injuries are from explosions. Retained foreign body in the sacral canal segment is rare, especially shrapnel presenting with urinary incontinence. Moreover, the one who had a dramatic recovery of urinary continence following removal of neglected sacral canal shrapnel. We report a case of a delayed improvement (recovery) in urinary continence following removal of neglected sacral canal shrapnel remotely aided by a pelvic floor exercise. Case presentation Our patient was a 14-year-old male who presented with a 3-year history of trauma to the lower back from an Improvised Explosive Device. He was initially associated with difficulty in walking that improved over eight months. However, the urinary incontinence persist...

Prostate cancer is a significant public health problem affecting men globally. In 2018, it was the second most commonly diagnosed cancer among men world-wide and disproportionately impact men of African ancestry. Some of the modifiable risk factors for prostate cancer include knowledge and attitudes about the disease, the belief system of individuals and their diet. Moreover, physical activity, alcohol and tobacco consumption have also been suggested as behavioral factors that contribute to prostate cancer disparities. This study compares modifiable risk factors implicated in prostate cancer among men living in Africa and African immigrants living in the United States to identifying behavioral factors that can be targeted for intervention. A cross-sectional study design was employed among Black men in Nigeria, Cameroon and African immigrants in United States using the Global Prostate Cancer Measure for Black men. Findings indicate that Nigerian and Cameroonian men residing in the Un...

Background: Endourology which includes lower urinary tract (LUT) endoscopy, is an important component of standard urological practice worldwide. The objective of our study was to audit the LUT endoscopic procedures performed in Borno, a state in north-eastern Nigeria and share our experience.Methods: We, retrospectively reviewed the Lower urinary Tract endoscopies performed in Borno state over 9 years, from January 2012 to December 2020. Data related to LUT endoscopies were extracted from the patients’ clinical notes and operation theatre registers of the 2 focused hospitals in Borno where endourology procedures were performed (University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital and Royal specialist hospital maiduguri) and then analyzed. Urology patients who did not undergone LUT endoscopy were excluded.Results: We analyzed the data of total sum of 201 patients for the 2 hospitals, which represented the sample size for the study. Mean age of patients was 47.2years, with male to female ratio o...

 Background: Urological cancers (UC) remain a major global burden and a significant cause of high morbidity and mortality. In other to plan and tackle this burden, there is need to audit the pattern of these malignancies in our locality which is currently lacking.  Hence, the objectives of our study were to describe the histological pattern, frequency and demographic characteristics of urological cancers seen in Damaturu.Methods: The reports of all the urological specimens that were histologically diagnosed as malignant between November 2017 to October 2019 in the histopathology department of Yobe state university teaching hospital, were analyzed. The department keeps newly established cancer registry for the state.Results:  Fifty-five UC were diagnosed, with male to female ratio of 13.8:1. These UC constitute 34.1% of the 161 urological specimens assessed and 26.4% of all types of medical cancers diagnosed in the period of study. Prostate cancer dominates the UC (41; 73.8%), follow...

Prostate cancer (CaP) is the most common male gender cancer and present with a 5-year prevalence, incidence and mortality rate in Nigerian Black men. There is disproportionate prevalence and poor understanding of CaP in Black men globally. The Prostate Cancer Transatlantic Consortium (CaPTC) has documented significant CaP burden among Nigerian black men in Nigeria and in the Diaspora. Notably, African ancestry is one of the most important risk factors of CaP globally. Increased levels of cortisol, a stress-related catabolic hormone is significantly associated to prostate specific antigen and poor prognosis in prostate cancer patients. Cortisol causes degradation of muscle proteins into amino-acids. Amino acids such as leucine, serves as a source of fuel for aggressive prostate cancer cells in a Warburg effect model through the L-amino acid transporters (LATs). The annexins are calcium and phospholipid binding proteins implicated in cancer development and progression. Overexpression ...

Background: To determine the average volume and ultrasonographic characteristics of the prostate with transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) among adult male patients presenting with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). This is because the size and characteristics of the prostate may suggest the specific pathology and guide the urologist on subsequent investigations and the choice of the most appropriate treatment. Patients and Methods: All male patients, 30 years or older, presenting with LUTS in the absence of non-prostatic causes of LUTS between 2006 and 2010 were included in the study. Patients with clinical suspicion or confirmed cause of LUTS other than the prostate were excluded from the study. They were all evaluated by TRUS and the findings recorded. Results: A total number of 602 patients met the inclusion criteria. The mean age of the patients was 62.5 years with a standard deviation (SD) of 13.70. The average prostate volume for all patients was 56.2 (12.5-325) and SD 42.70, while the average prostate volume among patients with suspected benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) (317) was 68.7 g and SD 47.52. Diagnosis based on ultrasound features was BPH (52.7%, 317) in majority of the patients, 27.6% (166) suggested carcinoma of the prostate (CaP). The TRUS characteristics of patients with suspected BPH was predominantly mixed echo (51.7%), CaP commonly appeared hypoechoic (70.5%), while prostatitis appeared hyperechoic in most patients (69.4%). Conclusion: The mean prostate size of 68.7 g among patients with BPH is consistent with most studies among Nigerians, but greater than the mean volume among Caucasians. Thus, open prostatectomy remains relevant in our environment and accurate prostate volume estimation by TRUS is required for proper patient′s selection for endoscopic treatment. The predominant ultrasonic features of BPH and CaP are mixed echo and hypoechoic appearance, respectively.

Abstract This qualitative study explored factors that could potentially influence help-seeking in men with symptoms of prostate cancer in Nigeria. A face-to-face interview was conducted with 27 men, between 54 and 84 years, diagnosed with prostate cancer ≤ 2 years prior to the interview. Data were analyzed using thematic framework approach. Several factors were identified and further captured as intrapersonal, interpersonal, and institutional/community level factors using an ecological perspective. These factors interact to impact negatively on the help-seeking behavior of men with symptoms of prostate cancer. These findings support the formulation of public health strategies to improve men’s help-seeking behavior in Nigeria.

Road traffic accident (RTA) is a leading cause of serious morbidity and mortality world wide. The pedestrians are not spared from this epidemic. The aim of this study is to identify factors that puts the pedestrian at risk of injuries from RTA and the anatomical regions most commonly involved in our environment and suggest ways of curbing them. This was a one-year retrospective study of 122 pedestrian casualties resulting from road traffic accident attending the Accident and Emergency (A/E) Unit of the Federal Medical Centre, Azare. Majority of the patients (72%) were males with a male to female ratio of 2.6:1. Children and adolescents constitute 54.1% of the casualties. Motorcycles were responsible for most of the pedestrian injuries (73%). The head and neck was the most frequently injured anatomical region of the body (43.4%), followed by the extremities (37%). The months of August and January were the peak periods of injuries. The safety of pedestrian is seriously threatened by the growing popularity of commercial motorcycles on our roads. Preventive measures are advocated to ensure only licensed cyclists are allowed on the roads. Adequate personnel training to manage head injury in our centers is also advised. More patrol by the road safety agents is advised in the months of January and August.