Land use–land cover (LULC) alteration is primarily associated with land degradation, especially i... more Land use–land cover (LULC) alteration is primarily associated with land degradation, especially in recent decades, and has resulted in various harmful changes in the landscape. The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) has the prospective capacity to classify the vegetative characteristics of many ecological areas and has proven itself useful as a remote sensing (RS) tool in recording vegetative phenological aspects. Likewise, the normalized difference built-up index (NDBI) is used for quoting built-up areas. The current research objectives include identification of LULC, NDVI, and NDBI changes in Jhelum District, Punjab, Pakistan, during the last 30 years (1990–2020). This study targeted five major LULC classes: water channels, built-up area, barren land, forest, and cultivated land. Satellite imagery classification tools were used to identify LULC changes in Jhelum District, northern Punjab, Pakistan. The perception data about the environmental variations as conveyed by th...
Asian journal of natural and applied sciences, 2014
Climate change negatively affects the nature and other anthropogenic activities. And inversely an... more Climate change negatively affects the nature and other anthropogenic activities. And inversely anthropogenic activities are also effects the climate. Climate change effects on urban area more severe than the rural areas. The aims of this study are to analysis the climate change and its impact on the residences of the Islamabad City. The datasets used for the research includes ninety year weather data that includes of daily maximum and minimum daily air temperature (°C), daily total rainfall (mm), and daily values of incoming solar radiation using B1 scenario Projected temperature changes in Pakistan over the 21st Century under IPCC, SRES. The data were analyses through ArcGIS10.2 Statistical tool and results represented through graphs and maps. The results of this research 2.84mm rainfall in 2011and 2.56mm in 2090 of the Islamabad City, solar radiation in 2011 is 16.59MJ/m2 and 17.09 MJ/m2 in 2090. Climate change create many threats and to face these threats, it is necessary to develop mitigation and adaptation measures as well as the appropriate implementation especially in at risk areas; if these threats will multiply in the coming decades. The present study suggests that control the deforestation, less use of motor vehicle, government should launch a media campaign to raise awareness on the climate change.
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Asian journal of social sciences and humanities, 2014
People living in slum areas are very poor. Their socio-economic condition does not allow them to ... more People living in slum areas are very poor. Their socio-economic condition does not allow them to live a healthy life. They do not have access to sanitation. They cannot get safe water of water supply. They have to live in adverse conditions so why these areas had to face many health issues. The main purpose of this study was to find out socio-economic condition and health status of urban slums of Sialkot. Data was collected from 105 respondents by survey research method. Respondents were selected by random sampling. A well-structured questionnaire was used to collect information. Data was analyzed through SPSS. Research found that people living in urban slums had bad living conditions. Owing to bad hygienic condition, health status of households was also not satisfactory. Morbidity rate was very high among studied population. It was concluded that people lived with low socio-economic conditions due to which they had to face health issues.
River systems have a profound impact on the earth’s surface both in positive and negative ways, b... more River systems have a profound impact on the earth’s surface both in positive and negative ways, but the abundance of rivers might bring substantial impacts on physiographic and socioeconomic setting of neighboring areas. Therefore, this research paper emphasizes on the river Sutlej facing serious challenge of abundance with acute shortage of water, climatic irregularities and violation of international water rules committed by a neighboring country India. The data used in the current study mainly rely on secondary sources. In order to save valued Sutlej Valley Civilization and its collegiate benefits to the whole region, this study suggests few technical actions to the possible revival of the Sutlej River. These are included Inter-basins connectivity, flood water and rain water harvesting through construction of lakes or reservoirs along Sutlej River Basin, Barraging or engineered upper Sutlej River and construction of Trimmun- Islam link canal. It is expected that by applying these...
Air pollution has now been one of the major problems faced by every country of the world. This ... more Air pollution has now been one of the major problems faced by every country of the world. This is because increase in the production and use of fossil fuels in many ways e.g. industrial revolution, rapid increase in urban population results in the increase in urban transport which ultimately pollute the environment. Many cities around the world, particularly in developing countries, are experiencing rapid growth. Larger cities with highly concentrated industry, intensive transport networks and high population density are threats to urban environment. More people, more industry, and more motor vehicles cause ever-worsening air pollution which poses serious environmental threat in many cities. The World Health Organization (WHO) and other international agencies have long identified urban air pollution as a critical public health problem. The study focused on major pollutants from different sources and impact of pollutants on human health. The study provides links between air pollut...
Solid waste management is a worldwide issue prevailing mostly in developing countries. Ahmedpur E... more Solid waste management is a worldwide issue prevailing mostly in developing countries. Ahmedpur East is currently facing various environmental and health issues, including poor solid waste management (SWM). Therefore, the present study aimed to overview the solid waste practice and proposed few suggestions to bring improvement in the SWM. Primary data gathered through a field survey in three chowks of the city using a questionnaire from 120 sampled respondents and analyzed by applying descriptive statistics. Findings reveal that almost 95% of solid waste is inappropriately thrown open in the fields and streets and creating severe problems. Moreover, the generation rate of solid waste was expected to increase in coming years with expanding population. Inappropriate dumping of solid waste was created informal dumping points near the streets and roads and evolving pollution, diseases and garbage heaps widely possibly due to the significant shortage of solid waste containers and litter ...
In light of rapid global urbanization, monitoring and mapping of urban and population growth is o... more In light of rapid global urbanization, monitoring and mapping of urban and population growth is of great importance. The investigation of various attributes of demography plays a vital role in social and economic profiling of the city. To realize the forthcoming policy levers to manipulate the future size, structure and distribution of population, it is essential to understand factors responsible for population dynamics. Moreover, to study the demographic aspects and knowledge about the dual population size of Faisalabad city contributes a tremendous part in future urban planning of the city. Identification and Analysis about the population growth of Faisalabad city can also be productive in effective infrastructural & urban planning. The Population study endorses planners to design the better strategies for future planning. Consequently, population aspects with all their perspective marked deep effects on society. The study of urban population growth in Faisalabad city reveals the ...
Open sewerage in developing countries like Pakistan is increasing health risk. Ahmedpur East is a... more Open sewerage in developing countries like Pakistan is increasing health risk. Ahmedpur East is a tehsil headquarter and densely populated city in district Bahawalpur facing various kinds of environmental problems including bad conditions of sewerage etc. Therefore the main objectives of this research were to identify the overall sewerage conditions and causing diseases in the city and to formulate some useful policy recommendations in the light of public opinions. Mohalla Sarwar Shah and Mohalla Noor Shah Bukhari were selected as sample sites and primary data had been collected through a structured questionnaire from 50 respondents. Necessary secondary data acquired from Tehsil Municipal Administration (TMA) Ahmedpur East etc. Findings revealed that sewerage conditions of the city badly deteriorated and majority of the respondents has adopted poor drainage methods i.e. open drain to release wastewater because 70% pipelines of the sewerage were broken. The situation is much worse in...
Solid waste is diverse as any garbage, refuse, slush from waste plant, water supply handling plan... more Solid waste is diverse as any garbage, refuse, slush from waste plant, water supply handling plant, air contamination manage serves and other resources, as well as solid, liquid, mushy, contained gaseous. The aim of the paper is study the solid waste disease among the villagers. The result is concluded that if people have more awareness and they look after their health and adopt safety habit for health they can be less victimized of solid waste disease.
Leaching losses of plant nutrients were estimated from two soil orders (oxisol and ultisol) under... more Leaching losses of plant nutrients were estimated from two soil orders (oxisol and ultisol) under different rates of acidic deposition. Leaching experiments were conducted in the laboratory by applying {acidic (pH 5.0, 4.0, 3.5, 3.0, 2.5, 2.0) and non-acidic (7.0, control)} treatments to soil columns. The results showed that leaching losses of nutrients increased significantly (p value < 0.001) as the pH of applied solutions decreased. Quite high leaching losses of nutrient cations were found in both soils under moderately to highly acidic treatments. Leaching losses by acid rain from oxisol and ultisol depended not only on acid rain pH but also on weatherable minerals, original nutrient status, cation exchange capacity and soil texture. Leaching losses of plant nutrients were quantified by polynomial regression equations. There were very good correlations between acidic levels of treatments and leaching amount of nutrient cation in oxisol [K+ (R2 = 0.98), Ca2+ (R2 = 0.97) and Mg2+ (R2 = 0.96)] and ultisol [K+ (R2 = 0.97), Ca2+ (R2 = 0.92) and Mg2+ (R2 = 0.92)]. Significant losses of major plant nutrients from the plant root zone would affect soil quality, reduce soil productivity and degrade ground water quality. Keywords: Leaching losses, Acid rain, Nutrient cations, Highly weathered soils.
Air pollution has now been one of the major problems faced by every country of the world. This is... more Air pollution has now been one of the major problems faced by every country of the world. This is because increase in the production and use of fossil fuels in many ways e.g. industrial revolution, rapid increase in urban population results in the increase in urban transport which ultimately pollute the environment. Many cities around the world, particularly in developing countries, are experiencing rapid growth. Larger cities with highly concentrated industry, intensive transport networks and high population density are threats to urban environment. More people, more industry, and more motor vehicles cause ever-worsening air pollution which poses serious environmental threat in many cities. The World Health Organization (WHO) and other international agencies have long identified urban air pollution as a critical public health problem. The study focused on major pollutants from different sources and impact of pollutants on human health. The study provides links between air pollution and human health. Investigation finds out a complete scenario of air pollution of the study area i.e Karna Basti, Bahawalpur and the research also helpful for discussing about the importance of green spaces in maintain the urban sustainability and show how urban green spaces are helping in decreasing air pollutants level in the atmosphere. Increasing human activities in urban arena means higher demand for energy, goods and services in one side, and more emission and material wastes on the other.
In light of rapid global urbanization, monitoring and mapping of urban and population growth is
o... more In light of rapid global urbanization, monitoring and mapping of urban and population growth is of great importance. The investigation of various attributes of demography plays a vital role in social and economic profiling of the city. To realize the forthcoming policy levers to manipulate the future size, structure and distribution of population, it is essential to understand factors responsible for population dynamics. Moreover, to study the demographic aspects and knowledge about the dual population size of Faisalabad city contributes a tremendous part in future urban planning of the city. Identification and Analysis about the population growth of Faisalabad city can also be productive in effective infrastructural & urban planning. The Population study endorses planners to design the better strategies for future planning. Consequently, population aspects with all their perspective marked deep effects on society. The study of urban population growth in Faisalabad city reveals the total number of city dwellers simultaneously demonstrates the development of urban clusters from the last 20 years.
A land use is important indicator to understand the urban growth of a city. Over the
period of ti... more A land use is important indicator to understand the urban growth of a city. Over the period of time there is conversion of one land use to other. The use of land changes according to the changing needs of man. The main objective of this piece of research is to analyse the temporal and spatial land use pattern of Gujranwala city and to develop the GIS based map to show the urban growth of the study area. The study is based on both primary and secondary data collected in the field through interviews of individuals, officials and public, supplemented by the observations. The secondary data is Landsat satellite images which are further classified and processed into object oriented land use map of temporal and spatial analysis of urban land use of Gujranwala city. ARCGIS 10.2 software is used to digitize and prepared the map of case study area and ERDAS 9.2 software is used for image classification of the Landsat data to develop the object oriented Land use map of the Gujranwala city.
Climate change negatively affects the nature and other anthropogenic activities. And
inversely an... more Climate change negatively affects the nature and other anthropogenic activities. And inversely anthropogenic activities are also effects the climate. Climate change effects on urban area more severe than the rural areas. The aims of this study are to analysis the climate change and its impact on the residences of the Islamabad City. The datasets used for the research includes ninety year weather data that includes of daily maximum and minimum daily air temperature (°C), daily total rainfall (mm), and daily values of incoming solar radiation using B1 scenario Projected temperature changes in Pakistan over the 21st Century under IPCC, SRES. The data were analyses through ArcGIS10.2 Statistical tool and results represented through graphs and maps. The results of this research 2.84mm rainfall in 2011and 2.56mm in 2090 of the Islamabad City, solar radiation in 2011 is 16.59MJ/m2 and 17.09 MJ/m2 in 2090. Climate change create many threats and to face these threats, it is necessary to develop mitigation and adaptation measures as well as the appropriate implementation especially in at risk areas; if these threats will multiply in the coming decades. The present study suggests that control the deforestation, less use of motor vehicle, government should launch a media campaign to raise awareness on the climate change.
Land use–land cover (LULC) alteration is primarily associated with land degradation, especially i... more Land use–land cover (LULC) alteration is primarily associated with land degradation, especially in recent decades, and has resulted in various harmful changes in the landscape. The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) has the prospective capacity to classify the vegetative characteristics of many ecological areas and has proven itself useful as a remote sensing (RS) tool in recording vegetative phenological aspects. Likewise, the normalized difference built-up index (NDBI) is used for quoting built-up areas. The current research objectives include identification of LULC, NDVI, and NDBI changes in Jhelum District, Punjab, Pakistan, during the last 30 years (1990–2020). This study targeted five major LULC classes: water channels, built-up area, barren land, forest, and cultivated land. Satellite imagery classification tools were used to identify LULC changes in Jhelum District, northern Punjab, Pakistan. The perception data about the environmental variations as conveyed by th...
Asian journal of natural and applied sciences, 2014
Climate change negatively affects the nature and other anthropogenic activities. And inversely an... more Climate change negatively affects the nature and other anthropogenic activities. And inversely anthropogenic activities are also effects the climate. Climate change effects on urban area more severe than the rural areas. The aims of this study are to analysis the climate change and its impact on the residences of the Islamabad City. The datasets used for the research includes ninety year weather data that includes of daily maximum and minimum daily air temperature (°C), daily total rainfall (mm), and daily values of incoming solar radiation using B1 scenario Projected temperature changes in Pakistan over the 21st Century under IPCC, SRES. The data were analyses through ArcGIS10.2 Statistical tool and results represented through graphs and maps. The results of this research 2.84mm rainfall in 2011and 2.56mm in 2090 of the Islamabad City, solar radiation in 2011 is 16.59MJ/m2 and 17.09 MJ/m2 in 2090. Climate change create many threats and to face these threats, it is necessary to develop mitigation and adaptation measures as well as the appropriate implementation especially in at risk areas; if these threats will multiply in the coming decades. The present study suggests that control the deforestation, less use of motor vehicle, government should launch a media campaign to raise awareness on the climate change.
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Asian journal of social sciences and humanities, 2014
People living in slum areas are very poor. Their socio-economic condition does not allow them to ... more People living in slum areas are very poor. Their socio-economic condition does not allow them to live a healthy life. They do not have access to sanitation. They cannot get safe water of water supply. They have to live in adverse conditions so why these areas had to face many health issues. The main purpose of this study was to find out socio-economic condition and health status of urban slums of Sialkot. Data was collected from 105 respondents by survey research method. Respondents were selected by random sampling. A well-structured questionnaire was used to collect information. Data was analyzed through SPSS. Research found that people living in urban slums had bad living conditions. Owing to bad hygienic condition, health status of households was also not satisfactory. Morbidity rate was very high among studied population. It was concluded that people lived with low socio-economic conditions due to which they had to face health issues.
River systems have a profound impact on the earth’s surface both in positive and negative ways, b... more River systems have a profound impact on the earth’s surface both in positive and negative ways, but the abundance of rivers might bring substantial impacts on physiographic and socioeconomic setting of neighboring areas. Therefore, this research paper emphasizes on the river Sutlej facing serious challenge of abundance with acute shortage of water, climatic irregularities and violation of international water rules committed by a neighboring country India. The data used in the current study mainly rely on secondary sources. In order to save valued Sutlej Valley Civilization and its collegiate benefits to the whole region, this study suggests few technical actions to the possible revival of the Sutlej River. These are included Inter-basins connectivity, flood water and rain water harvesting through construction of lakes or reservoirs along Sutlej River Basin, Barraging or engineered upper Sutlej River and construction of Trimmun- Islam link canal. It is expected that by applying these...
Air pollution has now been one of the major problems faced by every country of the world. This ... more Air pollution has now been one of the major problems faced by every country of the world. This is because increase in the production and use of fossil fuels in many ways e.g. industrial revolution, rapid increase in urban population results in the increase in urban transport which ultimately pollute the environment. Many cities around the world, particularly in developing countries, are experiencing rapid growth. Larger cities with highly concentrated industry, intensive transport networks and high population density are threats to urban environment. More people, more industry, and more motor vehicles cause ever-worsening air pollution which poses serious environmental threat in many cities. The World Health Organization (WHO) and other international agencies have long identified urban air pollution as a critical public health problem. The study focused on major pollutants from different sources and impact of pollutants on human health. The study provides links between air pollut...
Solid waste management is a worldwide issue prevailing mostly in developing countries. Ahmedpur E... more Solid waste management is a worldwide issue prevailing mostly in developing countries. Ahmedpur East is currently facing various environmental and health issues, including poor solid waste management (SWM). Therefore, the present study aimed to overview the solid waste practice and proposed few suggestions to bring improvement in the SWM. Primary data gathered through a field survey in three chowks of the city using a questionnaire from 120 sampled respondents and analyzed by applying descriptive statistics. Findings reveal that almost 95% of solid waste is inappropriately thrown open in the fields and streets and creating severe problems. Moreover, the generation rate of solid waste was expected to increase in coming years with expanding population. Inappropriate dumping of solid waste was created informal dumping points near the streets and roads and evolving pollution, diseases and garbage heaps widely possibly due to the significant shortage of solid waste containers and litter ...
In light of rapid global urbanization, monitoring and mapping of urban and population growth is o... more In light of rapid global urbanization, monitoring and mapping of urban and population growth is of great importance. The investigation of various attributes of demography plays a vital role in social and economic profiling of the city. To realize the forthcoming policy levers to manipulate the future size, structure and distribution of population, it is essential to understand factors responsible for population dynamics. Moreover, to study the demographic aspects and knowledge about the dual population size of Faisalabad city contributes a tremendous part in future urban planning of the city. Identification and Analysis about the population growth of Faisalabad city can also be productive in effective infrastructural & urban planning. The Population study endorses planners to design the better strategies for future planning. Consequently, population aspects with all their perspective marked deep effects on society. The study of urban population growth in Faisalabad city reveals the ...
Open sewerage in developing countries like Pakistan is increasing health risk. Ahmedpur East is a... more Open sewerage in developing countries like Pakistan is increasing health risk. Ahmedpur East is a tehsil headquarter and densely populated city in district Bahawalpur facing various kinds of environmental problems including bad conditions of sewerage etc. Therefore the main objectives of this research were to identify the overall sewerage conditions and causing diseases in the city and to formulate some useful policy recommendations in the light of public opinions. Mohalla Sarwar Shah and Mohalla Noor Shah Bukhari were selected as sample sites and primary data had been collected through a structured questionnaire from 50 respondents. Necessary secondary data acquired from Tehsil Municipal Administration (TMA) Ahmedpur East etc. Findings revealed that sewerage conditions of the city badly deteriorated and majority of the respondents has adopted poor drainage methods i.e. open drain to release wastewater because 70% pipelines of the sewerage were broken. The situation is much worse in...
Solid waste is diverse as any garbage, refuse, slush from waste plant, water supply handling plan... more Solid waste is diverse as any garbage, refuse, slush from waste plant, water supply handling plant, air contamination manage serves and other resources, as well as solid, liquid, mushy, contained gaseous. The aim of the paper is study the solid waste disease among the villagers. The result is concluded that if people have more awareness and they look after their health and adopt safety habit for health they can be less victimized of solid waste disease.
Leaching losses of plant nutrients were estimated from two soil orders (oxisol and ultisol) under... more Leaching losses of plant nutrients were estimated from two soil orders (oxisol and ultisol) under different rates of acidic deposition. Leaching experiments were conducted in the laboratory by applying {acidic (pH 5.0, 4.0, 3.5, 3.0, 2.5, 2.0) and non-acidic (7.0, control)} treatments to soil columns. The results showed that leaching losses of nutrients increased significantly (p value < 0.001) as the pH of applied solutions decreased. Quite high leaching losses of nutrient cations were found in both soils under moderately to highly acidic treatments. Leaching losses by acid rain from oxisol and ultisol depended not only on acid rain pH but also on weatherable minerals, original nutrient status, cation exchange capacity and soil texture. Leaching losses of plant nutrients were quantified by polynomial regression equations. There were very good correlations between acidic levels of treatments and leaching amount of nutrient cation in oxisol [K+ (R2 = 0.98), Ca2+ (R2 = 0.97) and Mg2+ (R2 = 0.96)] and ultisol [K+ (R2 = 0.97), Ca2+ (R2 = 0.92) and Mg2+ (R2 = 0.92)]. Significant losses of major plant nutrients from the plant root zone would affect soil quality, reduce soil productivity and degrade ground water quality. Keywords: Leaching losses, Acid rain, Nutrient cations, Highly weathered soils.
Air pollution has now been one of the major problems faced by every country of the world. This is... more Air pollution has now been one of the major problems faced by every country of the world. This is because increase in the production and use of fossil fuels in many ways e.g. industrial revolution, rapid increase in urban population results in the increase in urban transport which ultimately pollute the environment. Many cities around the world, particularly in developing countries, are experiencing rapid growth. Larger cities with highly concentrated industry, intensive transport networks and high population density are threats to urban environment. More people, more industry, and more motor vehicles cause ever-worsening air pollution which poses serious environmental threat in many cities. The World Health Organization (WHO) and other international agencies have long identified urban air pollution as a critical public health problem. The study focused on major pollutants from different sources and impact of pollutants on human health. The study provides links between air pollution and human health. Investigation finds out a complete scenario of air pollution of the study area i.e Karna Basti, Bahawalpur and the research also helpful for discussing about the importance of green spaces in maintain the urban sustainability and show how urban green spaces are helping in decreasing air pollutants level in the atmosphere. Increasing human activities in urban arena means higher demand for energy, goods and services in one side, and more emission and material wastes on the other.
In light of rapid global urbanization, monitoring and mapping of urban and population growth is
o... more In light of rapid global urbanization, monitoring and mapping of urban and population growth is of great importance. The investigation of various attributes of demography plays a vital role in social and economic profiling of the city. To realize the forthcoming policy levers to manipulate the future size, structure and distribution of population, it is essential to understand factors responsible for population dynamics. Moreover, to study the demographic aspects and knowledge about the dual population size of Faisalabad city contributes a tremendous part in future urban planning of the city. Identification and Analysis about the population growth of Faisalabad city can also be productive in effective infrastructural & urban planning. The Population study endorses planners to design the better strategies for future planning. Consequently, population aspects with all their perspective marked deep effects on society. The study of urban population growth in Faisalabad city reveals the total number of city dwellers simultaneously demonstrates the development of urban clusters from the last 20 years.
A land use is important indicator to understand the urban growth of a city. Over the
period of ti... more A land use is important indicator to understand the urban growth of a city. Over the period of time there is conversion of one land use to other. The use of land changes according to the changing needs of man. The main objective of this piece of research is to analyse the temporal and spatial land use pattern of Gujranwala city and to develop the GIS based map to show the urban growth of the study area. The study is based on both primary and secondary data collected in the field through interviews of individuals, officials and public, supplemented by the observations. The secondary data is Landsat satellite images which are further classified and processed into object oriented land use map of temporal and spatial analysis of urban land use of Gujranwala city. ARCGIS 10.2 software is used to digitize and prepared the map of case study area and ERDAS 9.2 software is used for image classification of the Landsat data to develop the object oriented Land use map of the Gujranwala city.
Climate change negatively affects the nature and other anthropogenic activities. And
inversely an... more Climate change negatively affects the nature and other anthropogenic activities. And inversely anthropogenic activities are also effects the climate. Climate change effects on urban area more severe than the rural areas. The aims of this study are to analysis the climate change and its impact on the residences of the Islamabad City. The datasets used for the research includes ninety year weather data that includes of daily maximum and minimum daily air temperature (°C), daily total rainfall (mm), and daily values of incoming solar radiation using B1 scenario Projected temperature changes in Pakistan over the 21st Century under IPCC, SRES. The data were analyses through ArcGIS10.2 Statistical tool and results represented through graphs and maps. The results of this research 2.84mm rainfall in 2011and 2.56mm in 2090 of the Islamabad City, solar radiation in 2011 is 16.59MJ/m2 and 17.09 MJ/m2 in 2090. Climate change create many threats and to face these threats, it is necessary to develop mitigation and adaptation measures as well as the appropriate implementation especially in at risk areas; if these threats will multiply in the coming decades. The present study suggests that control the deforestation, less use of motor vehicle, government should launch a media campaign to raise awareness on the climate change.
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Papers by Muahmmad Mushahid Anwar
production and use of fossil fuels in many ways e.g. industrial revolution, rapid increase in urban population results in the increase in
urban transport which ultimately pollute the environment. Many cities around the world, particularly in developing countries, are
experiencing rapid growth. Larger cities with highly concentrated industry, intensive transport networks and high population density are
threats to urban environment. More people, more industry, and more motor vehicles cause ever-worsening air pollution which poses
serious environmental threat in many cities. The World Health Organization (WHO) and other international agencies have long
identified urban air pollution as a critical public health problem. The study focused on major pollutants from different sources and
impact of pollutants on human health. The study provides links between air pollution and human health. Investigation finds out a
complete scenario of air pollution of the study area i.e Karna Basti, Bahawalpur and the research also helpful for discussing about the
importance of green spaces in maintain the urban sustainability and show how urban green spaces are helping in decreasing air
pollutants level in the atmosphere. Increasing human activities in urban arena means higher demand for energy, goods and services in one side, and more emission and material wastes on the other.
of great importance. The investigation of various attributes of demography plays a vital role in
social and economic profiling of the city. To realize the forthcoming policy levers to manipulate
the future size, structure and distribution of population, it is essential to understand factors
responsible for population dynamics. Moreover, to study the demographic aspects and knowledge
about the dual population size of Faisalabad city contributes a tremendous part in future urban
planning of the city. Identification and Analysis about the population growth of Faisalabad city
can also be productive in effective infrastructural & urban planning. The Population study
endorses planners to design the better strategies for future planning. Consequently, population
aspects with all their perspective marked deep effects on society. The study of urban population
growth in Faisalabad city reveals the total number of city dwellers simultaneously demonstrates
the development of urban clusters from the last 20 years.
period of time there is conversion of one land use to other. The use of land changes
according to the changing needs of man. The main objective of this piece of
research is to analyse the temporal and spatial land use pattern of Gujranwala city
and to develop the GIS based map to show the urban growth of the study area. The
study is based on both primary and secondary data collected in the field through
interviews of individuals, officials and public, supplemented by the observations.
The secondary data is Landsat satellite images which are further classified and
processed into object oriented land use map of temporal and spatial analysis of
urban land use of Gujranwala city. ARCGIS 10.2 software is used to digitize and
prepared the map of case study area and ERDAS 9.2 software is used for image
classification of the Landsat data to develop the object oriented Land use map of the
Gujranwala city.
inversely anthropogenic activities are also effects the climate. Climate change effects
on urban area more severe than the rural areas. The aims of this study are to analysis
the climate change and its impact on the residences of the Islamabad City. The
datasets used for the research includes ninety year weather data that includes of daily
maximum and minimum daily air temperature (°C), daily total rainfall (mm), and
daily values of incoming solar radiation using B1 scenario Projected temperature
changes in Pakistan over the 21st Century under IPCC, SRES. The data were
analyses through ArcGIS10.2 Statistical tool and results represented through graphs
and maps. The results of this research 2.84mm rainfall in 2011and 2.56mm in 2090 of
the Islamabad City, solar radiation in 2011 is 16.59MJ/m2 and 17.09 MJ/m2 in 2090.
Climate change create many threats and to face these threats, it is necessary to
develop mitigation and adaptation measures as well as the appropriate
implementation especially in at risk areas; if these threats will multiply in the coming
decades. The present study suggests that control the deforestation, less use of motor
vehicle, government should launch a media campaign to raise awareness on the
climate change.
production and use of fossil fuels in many ways e.g. industrial revolution, rapid increase in urban population results in the increase in
urban transport which ultimately pollute the environment. Many cities around the world, particularly in developing countries, are
experiencing rapid growth. Larger cities with highly concentrated industry, intensive transport networks and high population density are
threats to urban environment. More people, more industry, and more motor vehicles cause ever-worsening air pollution which poses
serious environmental threat in many cities. The World Health Organization (WHO) and other international agencies have long
identified urban air pollution as a critical public health problem. The study focused on major pollutants from different sources and
impact of pollutants on human health. The study provides links between air pollution and human health. Investigation finds out a
complete scenario of air pollution of the study area i.e Karna Basti, Bahawalpur and the research also helpful for discussing about the
importance of green spaces in maintain the urban sustainability and show how urban green spaces are helping in decreasing air
pollutants level in the atmosphere. Increasing human activities in urban arena means higher demand for energy, goods and services in one side, and more emission and material wastes on the other.
of great importance. The investigation of various attributes of demography plays a vital role in
social and economic profiling of the city. To realize the forthcoming policy levers to manipulate
the future size, structure and distribution of population, it is essential to understand factors
responsible for population dynamics. Moreover, to study the demographic aspects and knowledge
about the dual population size of Faisalabad city contributes a tremendous part in future urban
planning of the city. Identification and Analysis about the population growth of Faisalabad city
can also be productive in effective infrastructural & urban planning. The Population study
endorses planners to design the better strategies for future planning. Consequently, population
aspects with all their perspective marked deep effects on society. The study of urban population
growth in Faisalabad city reveals the total number of city dwellers simultaneously demonstrates
the development of urban clusters from the last 20 years.
period of time there is conversion of one land use to other. The use of land changes
according to the changing needs of man. The main objective of this piece of
research is to analyse the temporal and spatial land use pattern of Gujranwala city
and to develop the GIS based map to show the urban growth of the study area. The
study is based on both primary and secondary data collected in the field through
interviews of individuals, officials and public, supplemented by the observations.
The secondary data is Landsat satellite images which are further classified and
processed into object oriented land use map of temporal and spatial analysis of
urban land use of Gujranwala city. ARCGIS 10.2 software is used to digitize and
prepared the map of case study area and ERDAS 9.2 software is used for image
classification of the Landsat data to develop the object oriented Land use map of the
Gujranwala city.
inversely anthropogenic activities are also effects the climate. Climate change effects
on urban area more severe than the rural areas. The aims of this study are to analysis
the climate change and its impact on the residences of the Islamabad City. The
datasets used for the research includes ninety year weather data that includes of daily
maximum and minimum daily air temperature (°C), daily total rainfall (mm), and
daily values of incoming solar radiation using B1 scenario Projected temperature
changes in Pakistan over the 21st Century under IPCC, SRES. The data were
analyses through ArcGIS10.2 Statistical tool and results represented through graphs
and maps. The results of this research 2.84mm rainfall in 2011and 2.56mm in 2090 of
the Islamabad City, solar radiation in 2011 is 16.59MJ/m2 and 17.09 MJ/m2 in 2090.
Climate change create many threats and to face these threats, it is necessary to
develop mitigation and adaptation measures as well as the appropriate
implementation especially in at risk areas; if these threats will multiply in the coming
decades. The present study suggests that control the deforestation, less use of motor
vehicle, government should launch a media campaign to raise awareness on the
climate change.