- Mohalla Sher Dara, Manglowar, Swat Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
- +923457009001
Dr. Habib Nawab
University Of Peshawar, Sociology, Department Member
- Dr. Habib Nawab, hailing from Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, holds a PhD in political sociology from the Univers... moreDr. Habib Nawab, hailing from Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, holds a PhD in political sociology from the University of Peshawar. Currently, he serves as an Assistant Professor in Sociology at the University of Chitral.
Dr. Nawab's academic journey began with a strong foundation in education. He pursued his doctoral studies, exploring the dynamics of power, governance, and societal structures. His passion for sociology and politics drives him to nurture the next generation of scholars, emphasizing critical thinking and research.
He is recognized for his research contributions and actively participates in academic forums, enriching discussions on various aspects of political sociology. Beyond academia, Dr. Nawab engages in community initiatives, aiming to bridge the gap between academic knowledge and societal realities.
Dr. Habib Nawab's life and work embody a dedication to understanding society and politics, making valuable contributions to the field of political sociology.edit - Prof. Dr. Rashid Khanedit
There is a widely held belief that there is an increasing gender gap in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) worldwide. Women have achieved gender equality with men in certain professions, such as the humanities and... more
There is a widely held belief that there is an increasing gender gap in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) worldwide. Women have achieved gender equality with men in certain professions, such as the humanities and social sciences. However, women still lack adequate representation in the highest positions of academia and the professional world in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). This paper is grounded in institutional theory to explore the factors that demotivate or hinder women from joining STEM as a profession in universities. The research is based on a qualitative case study of the University of Peshawar. We conducted 20 interviews with female staff members in 13 STEM departments, with 32 female staff out of 183 faculty members. The collected data generated a total of 123 codes. The axial coding procedure generated 38 codes, which were grouped into fourteen distinct categories and four overarching themes of (1) male dominant culture, (2) multiple influences, (3) professional environment, and (4) job opportunities. The study highlights the complex interplay between societal attitudes and gender in STEM fields, emphasising the need for comprehensive strategies to promote gender equality. Addressing these factors and thoroughly analysing women's engagement in STEM departments is crucial.
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Proverbs, referred to as linguistic nuggets, phrases, or pearls of wisdom, are brief and memorable utterances that communicate a small fragment of insight, truth, or counsel derived from the shared human experience. Proverbs have... more
Proverbs, referred to as linguistic nuggets, phrases, or pearls of wisdom, are brief and memorable utterances that communicate a small fragment of insight, truth, or counsel derived from the shared human experience. Proverbs have historically served as a means of comprehending a specific cultural community's practices, traditions, values, goals, beliefs, and other aspects. This study explores the profound Chitrali culture by critically analysing several Khowar sayings to uncover their portrayal of women. This research provides a qualitative and textual analysis of 42 proverbs, using a purposeful sampling technique to select proverbs focusing on feminine themes. The sayings have been derived from Matalan Gurzain, a compilation of Khowar Proverbs authored by Afsar Ali Khan, and from a compilation by Degener (2022) and various oral sources. This study uses Feminist Critical Discourse Analysis (FCDA) as a novel approach to examine the representation of femininity. The findings indicate that the majority of proverbs portray women in a negative light.
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This study investigates the living experience of visiting faculty in higher education institutions, i.e., postgraduate colleges and universities in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Visiting faculty are sometimes called 'permanent visiting teachers';... more
This study investigates the living experience of visiting faculty in higher education institutions, i.e., postgraduate colleges and universities in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Visiting faculty are sometimes called 'permanent visiting teachers'; they face a lot of hardships and challenges in their journey to achieve the milestones of acknowledgment and stability. We examine the role of visiting teachers and the challenging conditions of the academic job market by conducting an extensive analysis of existing scholarly works. We interviewed forty visiting faculty members, ensuring their confidentiality per their wishes. Our interview guide emphasised themes like employment insecurity, psychological distress, lack of support, and intellectual alienation, following Marx's Theory of Alienation. The study findings are that visiting teachers lack support from their respective departments, are denied research supervision, are given fewer opportunities to utilise the institution's resources, are delayed, and are underpaid. Such difficulties cause the visiting teachers to experience psychological stress; this is consistent with Karl Marx's thesis of alienation, as they feel cut off from the institutions, their coworkers, and themselves. Higher education institutions should implement changes such as fair recognition, prompt payment, more excellent representation, and a calm, harmonious, and expanding environment for visiting teachers. Through provoking a critical conversation, this study hopes to promote a more inclusive academic environment that recognises the priceless contributions of visiting faculty members while pursuing an equitable and prosperous educational system.
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If used correctly, language can be a guiding force, allowing an individual to influence others and achieve the desired results. However, the power of language can be used by politicians, one of whom is President Putin, and that was... more
If used correctly, language can be a guiding force, allowing an individual to influence others and achieve the desired results. However, the power of language can be used by politicians, one of whom is President Putin, and that was evidenced during the annexation ceremony of the four Ukrainian regions by Russia. Thus, the purpose of this paper is a critical analysis of Putin"s speech, and the author employed Fairclough"s three-dimensional discourse analysis to investigate how language is used to control mass opinion and gain dominance. The study results show that President Putin successfully used rhetoric to encourage nationalism and patriotism among (nearly) all Russians who were not satisfied by the set of events in Ukraine. Moreover, politicians can achieve the desired results by using several linguistic features and rhetorical strategies, and since a series of geopolitical conflicts mark international relations, that issue is essential. On the other hand, a more accurate understanding of the language and its usage can be achieved through critical discourse analysis. Therefore, in this paper, the author uses Norman Fairclough"s 3D Model of Critical Discourse Analysis to investigate President Putin"s linguistic features and rhetoric to understand the interrelation between language, power, and political discourse in contemporary conflicts.
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This study aims to analyse the determinants and roles of commission agents in the wheat supply chain, as well as identify the market channels and margins in Pakpattan, Punjab, Pakistan. This research work involves gathering primary and... more
This study aims to analyse the determinants and roles of commission agents in the wheat supply chain, as well as identify the market channels and margins in Pakpattan, Punjab, Pakistan. This research work involves gathering primary and secondary data from a variety of sources. Through the application of the ordinary least square (OLS) technique, this study aims to identify the various factors that influence the quantity of wheat produced in the supply chain. Based on the results of this study, it is evident that various factors have a significant and positive impact on the quantity of wheat produced. These factors include the size of the land holding, farming experience, access to credit, education level, past prices other than government inputs, and improved input seeds. In this study, the market channel and margin are visually depicted, and the farmer's preference for middlemen (arthi) is discussed in a theoretical manner. By implementing policies that prioritise the needs of farmers, we can effectively reduce the lack of government support experienced by these individuals. These policies should aim to assist farmers during the cultivation process and also provide them with better opportunities to sell their produce. This would be a significant improvement compared to the current situation, where the government only purchases wheat from a limited number of selected farmers.
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This research paper examines the significance of the Democratic Students Federation (DSF), a left-wing student political organisation, focusing on its historical origins and revival in the 1980s. Dr. Muhammad Sarwar established the DSF in... more
This research paper examines the significance of the Democratic Students Federation (DSF), a left-wing student political organisation, focusing on its historical origins and revival in the 1980s. Dr. Muhammad Sarwar established the DSF in 1950, but the Pakistani government banned it in 1954. In 1981, Anwar Zeb and his associates started the revival of DSF in partnership with the Communist Party of Pakistan (CPP). The study uses an in-depth, semistructured interview with Anwar Zeb to explore his contributions and perspectives on the resurgence of DSF. The research incorporates various methods such as historical resources, thematic analysis, archival record comparison, and ethical considerations. The study concludes that DSF emerged as a symbol of opposition to the repressive Zia dictatorship, and despite efforts to suppress it, the organisation remained resilient. Anwar Zeb later joined the Pakistan People's Party (PPP) and is currently active in politics. The paper recommends the reinstatement of student unions as a means to address ethnic tensions, harassment, discrimination, and extremist ideologies and to cultivate competent political leaders for Pakistan's future.
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The objective of this study is to examine the impact of fiscal deficits, macroeconomic variables, and crises on the sensitivity index of stock prices on the Pakistani Stock Exchange. The study examines the correlation between the years... more
The objective of this study is to examine the impact of fiscal deficits, macroeconomic variables, and crises on the sensitivity index of stock prices on the Pakistani Stock Exchange. The study examines the correlation between the years 1980 and 2018. The time series model in this study was computed utilising the Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) methodology. The study's findings highlight the significant influence of fiscal deficits, money supply, taxation, inflation, foreign direct investment, exchange rates, and crises on the long-term values of stock exchanges. Over an extended period, there exists a tenuous and statistically insignificant link between the unemployment rate and the volatility of stock prices. The study findings suggest that the relationship between the variables remains stable throughout both the short term and the long term. The first results suggest that the unemployment rate does not significantly influence the behaviour of investors in both the short and long term, particularly in the case of the Karachi Stock Exchange, currently referred to as the Pakistan Stock Exchange. The government should enact appropriate strategies to improve the fiscal deficit in accordance with present requirements.
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This study examines the decline of local crafts and its impact in the District of Upper Chitral, Pakistan. Utilising Anthony Gidden's theories outlined in his book 'The Consequences of Modernity' as a foundation, this analysis... more
This study examines the decline of local crafts and its impact in the District of Upper Chitral, Pakistan. Utilising Anthony Gidden's theories outlined in his book 'The Consequences of Modernity' as a foundation, this analysis investigates the impact of contemporary marketing strategies employed by brand capitalists on consumer behaviour, resulting in a significant decrease in local handicrafts and folk culture. This research article examines the socioeconomic factors contributing to the decline of handicrafts using a quantitative approach. The findings of the study reveal a complex relationship between the likeness of modern industrial products and, and the decline of traditional indigenous crafts. The factors that contribute to this decline include, a lack of infrastructure, and a shift towards other careers, several factors contribute to this decline, including inadequate infrastructure, a shift towards other careers, lower production, and fading interest among younger generations. Some of the significant challenges that female workers face are limited marketing opportunities and a lack of recognition for their handmade work. Therefore it is recommended that accessible exhibition centres be established. Promotion of marketing strategies for artisans and to promote entrepreneurship among illiterate women interested in handicrafts. The ultimate goal is to revitalise and protect traditional handicrafts, preserve cultural heritage, and enhance the skills of artisans in District Upper Chitral. Overall, the study emphasizes the importance of protecting traditional handicrafts from the impact of modern branding. It emphasises the need for specific actions to aid in the revival of these traditional crafts.
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This research paper provides a thorough examination of the knowledge and perspectives surrounding the shift from the Frontier Crimes Regulation (FCR) to the current reforms in the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA), with a... more
This research paper provides a thorough examination of the knowledge and perspectives surrounding the shift from the Frontier Crimes Regulation (FCR) to the current reforms in the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA), with a specific focus on Tehsil Khar in District Bajaur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. By integrating qualitative insights with quantitative data, the study presents a comprehensive analysis of the community's perceptions regarding these reforms and their potential impact on the political, societal, and gender domains. This study examines the ambitions, concerns, and recommendations of the population, providing insight into the changing socio-political dynamics in the region. The study revealed several significant findings. Firstly, there exists a prevailing feeling that strongly opposes the repressive characteristics associated with the FCR system. Secondly, the transition from the FCR system to a reformed framework is met with a sense of optimism. Despite the existence of worries over the potential delay in implementing the changes, they are generally regarded in a good light for their transformative effect on the political landscape. A majority of individuals concur on the beneficial outcomes associated with these reforms. The primary suggestions for promoting successful and significant transformations in the FATA encompass the complete elimination of the FCR and the enhancement of legal structures; the implementation of educational workshops and awareness initiatives to enlighten the indigenous populace about the constitution of Pakistan and conventional legal systems; and the comprehensive restructuring of bureaucratic mentalities and establishments through substantial reforms.
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Computer software plays a crucial role in the health sector, facilitating effective management of medical records, enhancing the delivery of services, and improving patient outcomes through advanced diagnostic equipment. Cardiovascular... more
Computer software plays a crucial role in the health sector, facilitating effective management of medical records, enhancing the delivery of services, and improving patient outcomes through advanced diagnostic equipment. Cardiovascular disease poses a significant challenge for the medical community in the contemporary era, emerging as the leading cause of mortality. The healthcare business collects substantial quantities of health data that, however, cannot be effectively utilised for informed decision-making. Data mining techniques are employed to analyse large datasets in order to extract valuable information from vast amounts of data. This study aims to provide motivation for the development of an intelligent classification system for heart disease, utilising data mining techniques with a smaller set of characteristics or attributes. The K-nearest neighbour and FuzzyK-nearest neighbour classifier algorithms are employed in conjunction with evolutionary search and symmetric uncertainty attribute evaluator techniques to enhance the process of feature selection. The experimental findings demonstrate that each technique possesses distinct benefits in effectively meeting the objectives of cardiac disease detection with a high level of precision. The results collected indicate that the K-nearest neighbours (KNN) algorithm has demonstrated superior performance compared to the Fuzzy-KNN algorithm. The analysis further unveiled that K-nearest neighbours (KNN) regularly exhibited commendable accuracy while employing the symmetric uncertainty measure.
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This study explores the healing rituals of Spirit Media (Pari Khan) in Chitral, Pakistan, using Goffman's Dramaturgical Analysis and Lew's Sex War theories. The research encompasses comprehensive data obtained from extensive interviews... more
This study explores the healing rituals of Spirit Media (Pari Khan) in Chitral, Pakistan, using Goffman's Dramaturgical Analysis and Lew's Sex War theories. The research encompasses comprehensive data obtained from extensive interviews conducted with spirit mediums, their assistants, clients, shamans, therapists, and those impacted by spirit possession. Additionally, participant observations of therapeutic rituals in their authentic settings supplement this data. The research analyses the performative nature of spirit media, portraying them as the conduits via which spirits communicate information. Throughout these therapeutic rituals, spirit media establish a profound spiritual bond by skillfully manipulating images, controlling information, and creating an aura of mystery during their performances. By strategically positioning religious objects and assuming specific roles, they provide impactful revelations that captivate the clients seeking spiritual restoration. These women assume the positions of healers, allowing them exemptions from their regular household chores and elevating their status to that of matriarchs in their households. Within the traditionally male-dominated society of Chitral, this advancement often results in monetary advantages, signifying a significant change in socioeconomic dynamics. Through the use of Goffman's Dramaturgical Analysis, we observed the interplay of "backstage" and "frontstage" dynamics in these ceremonies. A profound sense of spiritual interconnectedness arises from the meticulous coordination of one's environment, appearance, and behaviour. Clients are driven to seek a range of services, including healing and settling domestic difficulties, due to their belief in spirits and the fascinating performances of spirit media. The study's recommendations emphasize the significance of cultural comprehension, ethical principles, integration of traditional healing into modern healthcare systems, addressing gender dynamics, enhancing community awareness, and promoting further collaborative research that connects cultural practices with contemporary knowledge.
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Around the world police institution has been established for ensuring peace, enforcing law and protecting life and property of public. Policeplays a vital role in controlling crimes in society and their services are considered as good,... more
Around the world police institution has been established for ensuring peace, enforcing law and protecting life and property of public. Policeplays a vital role in controlling crimes in society and their services are considered as good, but police corruption has also been occurred throughout history and therefore it is by no means a new phenomenon. In Pakistan too police are perceived as corrupt and there exist various social, economic, political and structural causes of police corruption.The multiplicity of these causes and its aftermaths in delivery of justice require immense research in the field. Looking into the issue the current study was conducted in province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan to know the opinion of in-service police about prevalence of corruption in police department of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and the contributing factors which compel police personnel for corruption. Data was collected through structured questionnaires from in-service police, using purposive sampling...
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This study explains how certain women in Chitral, Pakistan attains the status of spirit mediumship (Pari Khan) – a process where certain women attain the status and qualification to host spirits through which they claim to heal illnesses.... more
This study explains how certain women in Chitral, Pakistan attains the status of spirit mediumship (Pari Khan) – a process where certain women attain the status and qualification to host spirits through which they claim to heal illnesses. For data collection, the study conducted in-depth interviews with spirit media, their assistants and clients, shamans, and clinicians; collected cases studies of possessed persons and their lived experiences of illness and healing; and conducted participant observations with spirit media (Pari Khan) to observe the healing rituals in its natural setting. The study reveals that patriarchal culture and oppressive norms frustrate women to the extent of illnesses that are locally interpreted as ‘spirit possession.’ As per the local practice, the treatment of the illness lies in either exorcism or domestication of the spirit. In the case of domestication, the possessed women (patients) gradually learn to live with the spirit and become its host. Such a w...
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Adolescence marks a critical phase characterized by significant physical, social, and emotional changes. This study examines the multifaceted impact of social media on Pashtun adolescents in Pakistan, drawing upon Erik Erikson's... more
Adolescence marks a critical phase characterized by significant physical, social, and emotional changes. This study examines the multifaceted impact of social media on Pashtun adolescents in Pakistan, drawing upon Erik Erikson's psychosocial development theory as a theoretical framework. Employing a quantitative research approach through online surveys, the study focused on parental attention, interpersonal connections, education, behavioural influences, and social engagements in the digital age. Findings underscored concerns regarding parental attention diversion to social media, impacting familial dynamics and signalling the need for a balanced approach to parental engagement. Adolescent interactions shifted as online communication supplanted face-to-face connections, potentially impacting relationship depth. While social media played a pivotal role in peer education, concerns arose regarding negative behaviours influenced by online content. The study highlighted the evolving educational landscape, with teachers utilizing social media for instructional purposes, prompting the need for educational institutions to adapt. Positive familial connections were facilitated through social media, fostering open communication between adolescents and parents. Recommendations advocate for parental awareness, digital literacy education, active monitoring, promotion of offline interactions, teaching digital etiquette, supportive school policies, balanced family bonding, and awareness of online distractions. These proposals underscore the importance of proactive education, supervision, and responsible social media use among adolescents, emphasizing collaboration among parents, educators, and society to equip teenagers with the necessary skills for informed online interactions and balanced real-life connections.
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This research explores software engineering, specifically emphasizing the agile programming methodology's crucial role in large-scale development, where effective communication, coordination, and self-management become paramount. As... more
This research explores software engineering, specifically emphasizing the agile programming methodology's crucial role in large-scale development, where effective communication, coordination, and self-management become paramount. As software projects increase in complexity, the study delves into managing inter-team coordination, examining the evolving responsibility principles from small to large projects with multiple agile teams. Beyond assessing inter-team coordination and self-management, the study unveils the influential role of organizational culture in shaping collaborative dynamics within large-scale agile software development. Integrating insights from organizational culture studies, the research aims for a holistic understanding of factors contributing to distributed agile environments, encompassing both technical and cultural dimensions. Utilizing statistical analysis through SPSS, the study quantifies the statements of the Likert-Scale, and the correlation between inter-team coordination and self-management, providing quantitative insights into large-scale agile software development dynamics. In conclusion, the study comprehensively analyses inter-team cooperation and self-management in distributed agile software development. Surveys reveal a unanimous agreement on the importance of well-defined roles and transparent communication. Recognizing a demand for training underscores the applicability of self-management design as a crucial tool for organizational efficiency. Findings offer a foundation for organizations in distributed agile software development, suggesting ways to strengthen practices and address challenges, considering both technical and cultural dimensions. Recommendations include specialized training programs, transparent communication promotion, well-defined roles emphasis, and fostering a culture of ongoing improvement. By applying these guidelines, organizations can enhance inter-team collaboration, and self-management, and achieve project success while prioritizing the well-being of team members.
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Computer software plays a crucial role in the health sector, facilitating effective management of medical records, enhancing the delivery of services, and improving patient outcomes through advanced diagnostic equipment. Cardiovascular... more
Computer software plays a crucial role in the health sector, facilitating effective management of medical records, enhancing the delivery of services, and improving patient outcomes through advanced diagnostic equipment. Cardiovascular disease poses a significant challenge for the medical community in the contemporary era, emerging as the leading cause of mortality. The healthcare business collects substantial quantities of health data that, however, cannot be effectively utilised for informed decision-making. Data mining techniques are employed to analyse large datasets in order to extract valuable information from vast amounts of data. This study aims to provide motivation for the development of an intelligent classification system for heart disease, utilising data mining techniques with a smaller set of characteristics or attributes. The K-nearest neighbour and FuzzyK-nearest neighbour classifier algorithms are employed in conjunction with evolutionary search and symmetric uncertainty attribute evaluator techniques to enhance the process of feature selection. The experimental findings demonstrate that each technique possesses distinct benefits in effectively meeting the objectives of cardiac disease detection with a high level of precision. The results collected indicate that the K-nearest neighbours (KNN) algorithm has demonstrated superior performance compared to the Fuzzy-KNN algorithm. The analysis further unveiled that K-nearest neighbours (KNN) regularly exhibited commendable accuracy while employing the symmetric uncertainty measure.
Research Interests:
Computer software plays a crucial role in the health sector, facilitating effective management of medical records, enhancing the delivery of services, and improving patient outcomes through advanced diagnostic equipment. Cardiovascular... more
Computer software plays a crucial role in the health sector, facilitating effective management of medical records, enhancing the delivery of services, and improving patient outcomes through advanced diagnostic equipment. Cardiovascular disease poses a significant challenge for the medical community in the contemporary era, emerging as the leading cause of mortality. The healthcare business collects substantial quantities of health data that, however, cannot be effectively utilised for informed decision-making. Data mining techniques are employed to analyse large datasets in order to extract valuable information from vast amounts of data. This study aims to provide motivation for the development of an intelligent classification system for heart disease, utilising data mining techniques with a smaller set of characteristics or attributes. The K-nearest neighbour and FuzzyK-nearest neighbour classifier algorithms are employed in conjunction with evolutionary search and symmetric uncertainty attribute evaluator techniques to enhance the process of feature selection. The experimental findings demonstrate that each technique possesses distinct benefits in effectively meeting the objectives of cardiac disease detection with a high level of precision. The results collected indicate that the K-nearest neighbours (KNN) algorithm has demonstrated superior performance compared to the Fuzzy-KNN algorithm. The analysis further unveiled that K-nearest neighbours (KNN) regularly exhibited commendable accuracy while employing the symmetric uncertainty measure.
Research Interests:
Education serves as the key that unlocks women's empowerment in health, enabling them to make informed decisions and assume control over their well-being. By equipping women with knowledge and skills, education emerges as a potent tool... more
Education serves as the key that unlocks women's empowerment in health, enabling them to make informed decisions and assume control over their well-being. By equipping women with knowledge and skills, education emerges as a potent tool for enhancing their health outcomes and catalyzing positive transformations within their communities. Consequently, this study investigates the profound influence of education on women's empowerment in health. The study was conducted in Malakand Division, with a specific focus on District Dir Lower (Ramora) Union Council, this study adopts qualitative methodology and techniques. Employing purposive sampling techniques, a total of 25 educated women were selected as participants, and their insights were collected through structured interviews guided by an interview guide. The gathered data underwent a meticulous thematic analysis. It was concluded that women benefit from education, which equips them with knowledge, skills, and critical thinking to improve their health and welfare. This education covers reproductive health, disease prevention, nutrition, mental well-being, and healthcare systems, promoting employment, economic stability, and improved accessibility to healthcare services. It is recommended that women's health education and sustainable healthcare accessibility are crucial for equal opportunities and reproductive health choices. Integrating reproductive health education, raising public awareness, and considering socioeconomic determinants contribute to better outcomes.
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This article explores the importance of consciousness within peasant movements, analysing its consequential impact on societies and the mobilisation of marginalised communities. By utilising historical and contemporary illustrations from... more
This article explores the importance of consciousness within peasant movements, analysing its consequential impact on societies and the mobilisation of marginalised communities. By utilising historical and contemporary illustrations from diverse geographical areas, this analysis underscores the significance of consciousness in granting agency to agricultural labourers, fostering equitable societal conditions, and propelling transformative advancements. The article examines the Peasants Movement in North-Hashtnagar, Charsadda Pakistan. Muhammad Afzal Bangash and his comrades inculcate awareness among the peasants of North-Hashtnagar, to overthrow the oppression made at the hands of landlords. The results and discussions section of this study presents the findings derived from a survey, which shed light on the correlation between awareness and the peasants' movement. The article presented considerable empirical evidence supporting the theories posited by Karl Marx and Vladimir Lenin about the concept of class consciousness. The survey examines various dimensions, such as family planning, access to healthcare, human rights awareness, higher education, and the status of women, in order to explore the relationship between these factors and the awareness levels of individuals involved in the peasants' movement. The article's conclusion posits that the presence of awareness is of utmost importance in instigating and perpetuating peasant movements, as it bestows power upon the peasantry, allowing them to discern instances of exploitation and galvanising them towards concerted and unified action.
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This study explains how certain women in Chitral, Pakistan attains the status of spirit mediumship (Pari Khan)a process where certain women attain the status and qualification to host spirits through which they claim to heal illnesses.... more
This study explains how certain women in Chitral, Pakistan attains the status of spirit mediumship (Pari Khan)a process where certain women attain the status and qualification to host spirits through which they claim to heal illnesses. For data collection, the study conducted in-depth interviews with spirit media, their assistants and clients, shamans, and clinicians; collected cases studies of possessed persons and their lived experiences of illness and healing; and conducted participant observations with spirit media (Pari Khan) to observe the healing rituals in its natural setting. The study reveals that patriarchal culture and oppressive norms frustrate women to the extent of illnesses that are locally interpreted as 'spirit possession.' As per the local practice, the treatment of the illness lies in either exorcism or domestication of the spirit. In the case of domestication, the possessed women (patients) gradually learn to live with the spirit and become its host. Such a woman is locally called Pari Khan, who gains considerable attention and social status by virtue of her alleged spiritual powers to heal various illnesses. The authors argue that spirit possession and mediumship, though provide relative empowerment to women, take away attention from women's social and psychological deprivation.
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This study examines the challenges faced by working women in Pakistan, particularly those employed in tobacco kilns. The research focuses on the impact of labour division and social disparities on female subjugation and economic... more
This study examines the challenges faced by working women in Pakistan, particularly those employed in tobacco kilns. The research focuses on the impact of labour division and social disparities on female subjugation and economic independence. The objective of the study is to evaluate the financial dependence or independence of working women in tobacco kilns. Convenience sampling is used to gather information through interviews with women currently employed in tobacco-drying facilities. The collected data is analyzed using qualitative analysis, with a focus on identifying codes and themes. The findings reveal that women in these workplaces endure terrible working conditions and receive inadequate compensation for their labour. They are subjected to emotional and physical violence by male members both at home and in the workplace. Moreover, they are forced to borrow money and work against their will, resulting in their children sacrificing formal education. Additionally, they face significant barriers to healthcare and are unable to obtain social security cards due to their background. The study concludes that educating working women about the challenges they face can empower them to overcome these obstacles and improve their socioeconomic status, ultimately leading to more dignified lives. The study recommends implementing measures to address gender inequalities, improve working conditions, and provide support systems for working women in Pakistan.
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The peasant uprising in Pakistan was a significant event in the late 1960s due to the involvement of feudal lords, bureaucracy, and military regimes. The North Hashtnagar peasants' uprising was successful enough to win the support of... more
The peasant uprising in Pakistan was a significant event in the late 1960s due to the involvement of feudal lords, bureaucracy, and military regimes. The North Hashtnagar peasants' uprising was successful enough to win the support of left-wing politicians and brought about positive advancements such as Kisan associations, political awareness of peasants, peasants' courts, and by-laws. The MKP continued its struggle and became the great party of the labourers and peasants, and the Mazdoor Kisan Party pledged to establish labour and peasant courts to abolish absentee landlords and unlimited ownership of land for the greater well-being of the working class. To counterbalance the power of the peasants, landlords started their political uprising and introduced multiple political parties to divide the peasants' power. The peasant uprising was divided into two factions, with each faction claiming to be the genuine one, and had a significant association with politically motivated peasants inspired by Marxism and Maoism. The study investigated that there was a significant correlation between politics and the peasant's uprising. It is recommended that peasants should have a voice in government and decision-making structures to bring peace and harmony among the various stakeholders. It can make them feel as if their opinions are valued and heard.
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The current research study tries to focus on the challenge of job insecurity with its impacts on industrial labourers' families in the Industrial estate Peshawar, Pakistan. Primary data was collected by stratified random sampling from 384... more
The current research study tries to focus on the challenge of job insecurity with its impacts on industrial labourers' families in the Industrial estate Peshawar, Pakistan. Primary data was collected by stratified random sampling from 384 respondents. Questionnaire and focused group discussions were used tools for data collection. Data was analysed and presented in univariate and bivariate ways. To access the association between dependent and independent variables Chi-square test was applied. The study identified that the situation in the industrial estate Peshawar is very worse. It was found out that the labourers are working without registrations. It was concluded that many labourers were burnt alive but their families got no compensation due to lack of registration. A significant association was found between job insecurity and worse familial conditions of industrial labourers.
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Pakistan's economy is mainly based on agriculture, but unfortunately, the country is not self-sufficient in food production. Every year, billions of rupees of foreign exchange are spent on wheat, cooking oil, and milk imports. Our... more
Pakistan's economy is mainly based on agriculture, but unfortunately, the country is not self-sufficient in food production. Every year, billions of rupees of foreign exchange are spent on wheat, cooking oil, and milk imports. Our agriculture does not provide basic food items. The primary reason is the feudal landholding setup, wherein feudal lords own thousands of acres of land. The peasants (agrarian labourers) are forced to migrate to the cities for their livelihood. This lack of farmers' interest in the feudal system resulted in low productivity per unit of land. In this regard, the land reforms of Ayub Khan and Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto's era also didn't bring the desired social and economic change. In Northern-Hashtnagar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, the mechanization of agriculture and the introduction of modern technologies increased food productivity, but feudal lords appropriated the benefits. Therefore, peasants agitated against feudal lords and took control of the land on their own. It provided the peasants' with ownership of land and as a result of day-and-night care for the crops by the peasants, agricultural output increased as compared to the system of feudal landholding system. The uprising of peasants against landlords enhanced their social standing because they now produce more agricultural goods than before. This study aimed to determine how the peasants' movement affected agricultural output. The interview schedule was used to collect data from 380 sampled respondents from landlord, peasant, and labourer communities for the study. Both the independent variable (agricultural productivity) and the dependent variable (peasants' movement) were included in the study variables. A Likert scale was used to measure the variables, and the chi-square test was used to see how the independent and dependent variables were related.
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Around the world police institution has been established for ensuring peace, enforcing law and protecting life and property of public. Policeplays a vital role in controlling crimes in society and their services are considered as good,... more
Around the world police institution has been established for ensuring peace, enforcing law and protecting life and property of public. Policeplays a vital role in controlling crimes in society and their services are considered as good, but police corruption has also been occurred throughout history and therefore it is by no means a new phenomenon. In Pakistan too police are perceived as corrupt and there exist various social, economic, political and structural causes of police corruption.The multiplicity of these causes and its aftermaths in delivery of justice require immense research in the field. Looking into the issue the current study was conducted in province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan to know the opinion of in-service police about prevalence of corruption in police department of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and the contributing factors which compel police personnel for corruption. Data was collected through structured questionnaires from in-service police, using purposive sampling...
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The present study attempts to focus on the challenge of low wages with its impacts on industrial labourers' families in the Industrial estate Peshawar, Pakistan. Data was collected from the respondents (384) through questionnaire and... more
The present study attempts to focus on the challenge of low wages with its impacts on industrial labourers' families in the Industrial estate Peshawar, Pakistan. Data was collected from the respondents (384) through questionnaire and focused group discussions. The analyzed data was presented and interpreted through univariate and bivariate analysis. Chi-square test was applied to access the association of dependent and independent variables. The results show a significant association between the determinants of the low wages and its worse impacts on the labourers' families.
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The current study titled ''Exploring the Association Between Ejectment and Peasants' Movement in North Hashtnagar, District Charsadda, Pakistan '' aimed at exploring the causes of Peasants' Movement in North-Hashtnagar and its... more
The current study titled ''Exploring the Association Between Ejectment and Peasants' Movement in North Hashtnagar, District Charsadda, Pakistan '' aimed at exploring the causes of Peasants' Movement in North-Hashtnagar and its socioeconomic impact on peasants' community. Data for the study were collected through the interview schedule from 380 sampled respondents belonging to landlords, peasants and labourers community. The study variables included both independent variable (ejectment) and dependent variable (peasants' movement). Likert scale was used for the measurement of variables, and the chi-square test was used to test the association between independent and dependent variables. With the introduction of modern agricultural machinery, landlords' dependency on peasants was
Research Interests:
The current study titled "Dynamics and Impacts of Peasants' Movement in North-Hashtnagar, District Charsadda, Pakistan, aimed at examining the causes of Peasants' Movement in Hashtnagar and its socioeconomic impacts on peasants'... more
The current study titled "Dynamics and Impacts of Peasants' Movement in North-Hashtnagar, District Charsadda, Pakistan, aimed at examining the causes of Peasants' Movement in Hashtnagar and its socioeconomic impacts on peasants' community. Data for the study were collected through the interview schedule from 380 sampled respondents belonging to landlords, peasants and labours community. The study variables included both independent variables (poverty, alienation, awareness, landlords' attitude with peasants, ejectment, agricultural productivity, politics, social relations, law and order, litigation) and dependent variable (peasants' movement). Likert scale was used for the measurement of variables, and the chi-square test was used to test the association between independent and dependent variables. The Bivariate association between poverty and Peasants' Movement show that
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Women take care of their families, morally and financially, but they are not given their due respect in society. there are several reasons for it, but some of them are the population boom, transition from feudal set up to capitalism, and... more
Women take care of their families, morally and financially, but they are not given their due respect in society. there are several reasons for it, but some of them are the population boom, transition from feudal set up to capitalism, and misinterpretation of Islam. We need to control the population, socialize our generation on women's rights and stop victim blamming.
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"The annals of history contain the untold stories of individuals who displayed courage, selflessness, and unwavering resolve by daring to question and challenge the established norms." Ajay Kumar Ghosh authored the booklet chronicling the... more
"The annals of history contain the untold stories of individuals who displayed courage, selflessness, and unwavering resolve by daring to question and challenge the established norms." Ajay Kumar Ghosh authored the booklet chronicling the story of Bhagat Singh and his companions, paying tribute to their unwavering determination and revolutionary zeal. Sibte Hasan's scholarly insights in the preface added depth to this publication, which was first released in 1974 and reissued in 1985. It serves as a timeless tribute to the lives and ideals of these important personalities. The book reveals a compelling narrative of bravery, determination, and a quest for fairness that spans across multiple generations, encouraging readers to explore the values that influenced a crucial period in India's struggle for freedom. Habib Ullah Nawab, PhD Political Sociology, Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, University of Chitral