Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Skip to main content
Jakub Adamski
  • Poland

Jakub Adamski

„Doktrynerstwo” versus „nowoczesność” w architekturze około roku 1300. Uwagi o rozwoju architektury gotyckiej w kontynentalnej Europie i jej współczesnych badaniach, [w:] „Novitas versus auctoritas” w sztuce średniowiecznej. Studia... more
„Doktrynerstwo” versus „nowoczesność” w architekturze około roku 1300. Uwagi o rozwoju architektury gotyckiej w kontynentalnej Europie i jej współczesnych badaniach, [w:] „Novitas versus auctoritas” w sztuce średniowiecznej. Studia dedykowane Profesorowi Piotrowi Skubiszewskiemu w dziewięćdziesiątą rocznicę urodzin, red. Jakub Adamski, Juliusz Raczkowski, Warszawa–Toruń 2022, s. 13–43.
Gotycka katedra w Wilnie jest niewątpliwie najsłabiej rozpoznana pod względem architektonicznym spośród wszystkich najważniejszych kościołów biskupich zbudowanych w państwie polsko-litewskim u schyłku średniowiecza. Nieuwzględnianie... more
Gotycka katedra w Wilnie jest niewątpliwie najsłabiej rozpoznana pod względem architektonicznym spośród wszystkich najważniejszych kościołów biskupich zbudowanych w państwie polsko-litewskim u schyłku średniowiecza. Nieuwzględnianie wileńskiego kościoła zamkowego w polskich badaniach architektury średniowiecznej z pewnością wynikało z bardzo ograniczonej znajomości pierwotnego kształtu budowli. Dzięki pracom Napoleonasa Kitkauskasa wiadomo jednak, że dzisiejszy kościół klasycystyczny zawiera w sobie niemal pełny zrąb murów z XV wieku. Ustalenia tego badacza są więc punktem wyjścia do zaprezentowanych tu roważań nad typem architektonicznym katedry wileńskiej i jej relacji względem gotyckich świątyń biskupich w Polsce i na obszarze nadbałtyckim. Przedmiotem rozważań historyka architektury powinien być przede wszystkim typ przestrzenny katedry, który zasadniczo daje się rekonstruować. Korpus kościoła można sklasyfikować jako wysoką halę. Charakterystycznym rysem jego ukształtowania jest też brak wyodrębnionego przestrzennie chóru, rozumianego jako wydzielona architektonicznie część budowli. W porównaniu z gotyckimi katedrami w Polsce układ przestrzenny najważniejszego kościoła biskupiego na Litwie, przynależnego do metropolii gnieźnieńskiej, wydawaje się zaskakujący. Można jednak przypuszczać, że wileńska budowla od początku funkcjonowała jako świątynia obejściowa, przy czym do ambitu funkcjonalnie zaliczało się ostatnie przęsło nawy głównej. Przypuszczenie o takiej właśnie organizacji wnętrza wileńskiej katedry pozwala stwierdzić, że jej kształt przestrzenny pasował do katedr polskiej metropolii kościelnej, których chóry są w większości obejściowe. Wydaje się oczywiste, że budowla w Wilnie w specyficzny sposób przetwarza obejściowy rzut katedry krakowskiej, z którą łączą ją także sąsiedztwo ze stołeczną rezydencją oraz patrocinium św. Stanisława. Motywem wspólnym ze świątynią krakowskąna Wawelu było też umieszczenie wież nie bezpośrednio w fasadzie, lecz niesymetrycznie po bokach korpusu. Wydaje się, że podobieństwo to nie jest przypadkowe i było warunkowane przez inwestorów, czyli biskupa i kapitułę wileńską, a zapewne również króla Jagiełłę i księcia Witolda.
Über die Bedeutung Schlesiens in der Ausprägung des spätgotischen Maßwerkrepertoires um die Mitte des 14. Jahrhunderts, [w:] Modestia est signum Sapientiae. Studie nejen o středověkém umění k poctě Dalibora Prixe, red. Kateřina Dolejší,... more
Über die Bedeutung Schlesiens in der Ausprägung des spätgotischen Maßwerkrepertoires um die Mitte des 14. Jahrhunderts, [w:] Modestia est signum Sapientiae. Studie nejen o středověkém umění k poctě Dalibora Prixe, red. Kateřina Dolejší, Ondřej Haničák, Praha–Opava 2021, s. 85–97.
The current essay pertains to a particular thematic trend in Polish research on medieval, especially Gothic, architecture, that is, its broadly understood iconography, interpreted as attempts to read the works of architecture as carriers... more
The current essay pertains to a particular thematic trend in Polish research on medieval, especially Gothic, architecture, that is, its broadly understood iconography, interpreted as attempts to read the works of architecture as carriers of varied ideological contents. It must be emphasised that Polish achievements in this field, although not extensive in terms of quantity, stem directly from the main research currents in international scholarship of the last century. Admittedly, nearly all of those studies refer to issues of, at most, Central-European significance; however, considering the choice of subjects and specific research tools applied thereto, they may be perceived as an integral and representative component of the whole research yield in that particular area. Quite numerous and diverse are the results of research on the historical meanings (in the sense proposed Günther Bandmann) of medieval buildings in Poland, within the country’s former and contemporary borders. It is noticeable that numerous works published by successive generations of historians of medieval art often pertained to the same key buildings or their regional clusters; this, however, is not very surprising, considering that these are, above all, the Gothic cathedrals and the few most important collegiate churches and parish churches, including those founded by King Casimir the Great, and the castles of the Teutonic Knights in former Prussia. The final postulate of this essay is that research competencies of art and architectural historians of the Middle Ages must be continually broadened – especially by creating truly functional research teams with an interdisciplinary profile – or that, at least, wide-ranging consultations must be conducted. This programme, in connection with self-restraint and caution in formulating hypotheses and conclusions, is a necessary condition for stepping onto the fascinating path of discovering the hidden meanings of medieval buildings.
The article is devoted to one of the most intriguing questions related to a peculiar area of medieval architecture: the asymmetrical layout of the numerous double-nave mendicant churches built across Europe between the thirteenth and... more
The article is devoted to one of the most intriguing questions related to a peculiar area of medieval architecture: the asymmetrical layout of the numerous double-nave mendicant churches built across Europe between the thirteenth and sixteenth centuries. To date, this phenomenon has been mentioned in works treating broader subjects only tangentially and has not been convincingly analysed. One of the main goals of this essay is to combine the first critical scholarly discussion of the existing theories about asymmetry in mendicant architecture with a contextualized analysis of some representative examples of double-nave mendicant churches across Europe. It begins with discussion of the most interesting Gothic friar churches in the Teutonic Order state in Prussia and finally proposes a new understanding of the problem in question, arguing that the irregularity of the medieval Franciscan and Dominican churches was understood as a kind of a rhetoric ‘gesture of humility’, compliant with the mendicant ideals of poverty.
O podobieństwie chórów gotyckich kościołów farnych w Stargardzie i Nysie. Przyczynek do badań nad interregionalnym transferem form w architekturze Europy Środkowej przełomu XIV i XV wieku, [w:] Ingenium et labor. Studia ofiarowane... more
O podobieństwie chórów gotyckich kościołów farnych w Stargardzie i Nysie. Przyczynek do badań nad interregionalnym transferem form w architekturze Europy Środkowej przełomu XIV i XV wieku, [w:] Ingenium et labor. Studia ofiarowane Profesorowi Antoniemu Ziembie z okazji 60. urodzin, red. P. Borusowski et al., Warszawa 2020, s. 37–44.
Research Interests:
The turn of the 14th century was a special moment in the history of Gothic architecture. It was during this time that the Upper Rhine region quickly gained artistic importance and became the most advanced architectural center in Europe.... more
The turn of the 14th century was a special moment in the history of Gothic architecture. It was during this time that the Upper Rhine region quickly gained artistic importance and became the most advanced architectural center in Europe. The main focus of the article is to show how new trends in architectural design became apparent in two regions of southern Poland, Silesia and Lesser Poland, as early as around 1280. Monastic churches in Lubiąż, Kamieniec, and Stary Sącz as well as the cathedrals and parish churches of Wrocław and Kraków exemplify the impact of Upper Rhine models on the stylistic development of Central European Gothic architecture. They bear witness of the artistic maturity that had already been reached in the southern Polish regions in the last decades of the 13th century.
Close formal affinities between the ornamented portals in the south aisle and porch of Saint Catherine's church of the Hermits of Saint Augustine in Cracow's Kazimierz and the three nave portals of the parish church of Saint Elizabeth in... more
Close formal affinities between the ornamented portals in the south aisle and porch of Saint Catherine's church of the Hermits of Saint Augustine in Cracow's Kazimierz and the three nave portals of the parish church of Saint Elizabeth in the city of Košice in Upper Hungary were discovered by August Essenwein as early as over 150 years ago. Undoubtedly, the above works are the most original and simply the most important portals from the end of the fourteenth and the beginning of the fifteenth century in this part of East Central Europe. The enormous extent of their artistic influence is best attested by the fact that they started two independent regional groups of portals: with stepped heads in Lesser Poland and with fanciful ornamented heads in Hungary (especially in Transylvania). Since Essenwein's times, the problem of the relationship between the portals in Cracow and Košice has intrigued many generations of, especially Polish, Czech, Slovak, Hungarian and British, art historians. The present paper is an attempt to provide a definitive answer to the questions about the relative and absolute chronology of the portals under discussion and their artistic relationship.
The paper is devoted to the hitherto virtually unknown case of an anonymous French master mason from St.-Denis, active around 1416–30 in the wealthy town of Legnica in Silesia. Invited to Central Europe in the turbulent times of the... more
The paper is devoted to the hitherto virtually unknown case of an anonymous French master mason from St.-Denis, active around 1416–30 in the wealthy town of Legnica in Silesia. Invited to Central Europe in the turbulent times of the Hundred Years’ War by the local duke Louis II, in Legnica he executed several works, among which the most important—attributed to him on stylistic grounds—is the von der Heyde Chapel at the Parish Church of SS Peter and Paul, featuring an impressive stellar vault with a hanging boss. It constitutes a unique example of an astonishingly mature design from the early phase of Flamboyant architecture, in some aspects predating its geographically distant yet stylistically close analogies in France itself. The article reconstructs the master’s œuvre, discusses the chapel’s artistic origin in the Île-de-France of the early 15th century and shows its surprising importance in the history of French late medieval architecture. In this context, the Silesian monument is all the more important as the architectural creation in the Parisian milieu of the early 15th century is scarcely preserved. The analyzed works of the French master active in Legnica should be considered as important examples of the rapid stylistic development within the initial phase of the Flamboyant architecture in France, which still deserves new research.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:

And 7 more

Research Interests:
Research Interests: