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2017 •
The banking sector is one of the pillars of the Indian economy. It is imperative to build banks as engines of finance to achieve sustainable and high levels of growth. Globally, the financial system is experiencing a phenomenon of consolidation through the process of Mergers and acquisitions (M &A). M&A have been primarily in response to the necessities of competition or the environment. It has become the most acceptable route to quick growth in the international banking sector. This article gives an insight into the course of M&A in largest bank of India and evaluates it pros and cons. In today's competitive economic environment and business scenario, size is critical in surging ahead of the competition and staying there. With India's economic environment, the climate is conducive to strategic bank merger activity, which will be enabler of global competitiveness in the Indian banking sector. Bank mergers offer host of advantages if based on well thought out strategies and implemented in planned manner.
「조직신학연구」 (Studies in Systematic Theology)
박재은, “고통에 대한 헤르만 바빙크의 견해,” 「조직신학연구」 45 (2023): 182-213 (Jae-Eun Park, “Herman Bavinck's Views on Suffering,” Studies in Systematic Theology, 45 (2023): 182-213). Written in Korean.2023 •
국문 초록: 온 세상이 고통으로 신음하고 있다. 전쟁, 전염병, 살인, 자연재해, 대규모 인명사고 등 고통은 더 이상 먼 나라 이야기가 아니라 곧 우리 모두의 현재적 이야기이다. 신자들에게도 고통은 그리 낯설지 않은 이야기이다. 경건하고 신실한 신자들에게도 고통이 찾아온다. 그러므로 많은 사람은 하나님의 선하심에 대해 의심한다. 선하신 하나님이 살아 계신다면 왜 신자들의 고통에 눈을 감으시고 침묵하고 계시는가? 이런 신정론 문제는 교회 역사 속에서 다양한 의견으로 분출되었다. 본고는 고통의 문제를 19-20세기 네덜란드를 살았던 개혁파 교의학자 헤르만 바빙크(Herman Bavinck, 1854-1921)의 빛 아래서 살핀다. 바빙크는 고통의 문제에 대해서 보다 더 본질적이고도 근원적인 접근을 했다. 물론 투박한 접근일 수 있지만, 사안이 복잡하면 복잡할수록 ‘본질 그 자체로’ 얽히고설킨 문제를 풀어가는 것이 훨씬 더 효과적이기 때문에 바빙크의 신정론 논조는 고통 가운데 살아갈 수밖에 없는 우리 모두에게 큰 신학적 귀감이 된다. 이 지점을 드러내는 것이 본고의 목적이다. 본고의 진행 순서는 다음과 같다. 먼저 바빙크의 『개혁교의학』과 『계시 철학』에 나타난 네 가지의 큰 흐름, 즉 고통과 섭리, 고통과 죄, 고통과 유익, 고통과 자연과학의 흐름 가운데서 고통에 대한 바빙크의 견해를 요목조목 살펴보도록 하겠다. 그 후 바빙크의 견해에 근거해 실천적 고찰 및 적용을 한 후 논의를 요약·정리하며 글을 마무리 짓도록 하겠다. 바빙크는 1차 세계 대전이라는 뼈아픈 고통을 겪었다. 전쟁의 치열한 틈바구니에서 고통에 대한 본질적인 신학적 진술을 했던 바빙크의 족적을 살피다 보면 현재적 고통 가운데 있는 우리 모두가 고통을 어떻게 바라봐야 할지에 대한 궁극적인 방향성 설정을 깨닫게 되리라 믿는다. ABSTRACT: The whole world is groaning in pain. Suffering from war, epidemics, murder, natural disasters, and large-scale casualties is no longer a story of a distant country, but a present story of all of us. Pain is not an unfamiliar story to believers either. Suffering comes even to pious and faithful believers. Many people, therefore, doubt the goodness of God. If a good God lives, why does he turn a blind eye to the suffering of believers and remain silent? There were various opinions on this issue of theodicy throughout church history. This paper examines the problem of suffering under the light of Herman Bavinck (1854-1921), a Reformed theologian who lived in the Netherlands in the 19th and 20th centuries. Bavinck took a more essential and fundamental approach to the problem of pain. Of course, it may be a crude approach, but Bavinck’s theodicy serves as a great theological example because the more complex the issue, the more effective it is to solve the tangled problems ‘by nature itself.’ The purpose of this paper is to expose this point. The order of progress of this paper is as follows. First, the paper will look at Bavinck’s views on pain among the four major trends in Bavinck’s Reformed Dogmatics and Philosophy of Revelation: suffering and providence, suffering and sin, suffering and benefit, suffering and natural science. After that, the study will summarize and organize the discussion and conclude the article after practical consideration and application based on Bavinck’s view. Bavinck experienced the painful suffering of the World War I. The study asserts that if we look at Bavinck’s traces of making essential theological statements about suffering amidst the fierceness of war, we will realize the ultimate direction for how all of us who are currently suffering should view suffering.
Paper at the annual conference of the Finnish Political Science Association, University of Jyväskylä, May 11, 2023. The Septuagint translation of the Hebrew Bible into Greek since the third century BCE required the readaptation of Greek terms to transmit theological concepts foreign to the Greek mythological and philosophical traditions to the Hellenistic world. One such concept was the notion of divine creation that had become central in Second Temple Judaism. While the verb poieō, “to make, to produce,” was often used, in certain contexts the Septuagint uses the verb ktizō, which originally signifies “to inhabit, to settle (a land or place)” and later “to found, to establish, to institute (a city,polity, or institution).” Philo of Alexandria (De opificio mundi) compares the act of creation to the founding of a new city (polis) by a ruler with sovereign power (autokratēs exousia), and contrasts this with the Platonic model of the divine Demiurge, who works on the basis of pre-existing models and materials. I examine these special political connotations of ktizō (“to create”) and ktisis (“creation”) and argue that the use of these terms seeks to emphasize the absolute novelty of the act of creation and the absolute sovereignty of the creator’s will.
Crossing boundaries Mounted nomads in Central Europe, their eastern roots and connections.
Palaces, Temples and Baths. The appearance of stone buildings in the first capital of medieval Bulgaria (7th–9th century AD)2022 •
[1]Summary The article aims to contribute to clarifying one of the most interesting moments in the urban development of Pliska. This was when wooden construction in the city was replaced by stone. The process reflected in the construction periodisation of the site was relatively long. It began with construction of the most monumental stone building in the capital's centre - the Palace of Krum. Decades later, the architectural appearance of Pliska was transformed, and the palaces, temples, and baths were entirely made of stone. The building projects in the city were related to three historical periods in the existence of Pliska: the period when it was the capital city (the end of the 7th century – AD 893), the post-capital period (AD 893 – AD 970), and the Byzantine provincial period, lasting until the middle of the 11th century. The most intensive activities occurred during the first period, which is why it is discussed in detail here. The construction during these two centuries was divided into two main stages, each of two phases: Phase 1 and 2 before the AD 811 fire, followed by Phase 3 and 4. Phase 1 was related to the founding of Pliska and the first wooden palaces. The second phase marked the transition to stone architecture with the construction of the Krum Palace. After the city's destruction in AD 811, a completely new building programme began to construct the Inner City (Phase 3). The buildings in the palace complex were parcelled out according to their functions. The most significant change was the formation of the Citadel, separating the residential area of the palace complex from the public areas of the city centre. The last phase (4) builds on the previous one without any general changes in the urban planning of the Palace Center.
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Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas
Comportamiento de los nutrientes en tejido foliar en brócoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) ‘Coronado’ y repollo (Brassica oleracea) hibrido ‘Delus’ cultivados en la Sabana de Bogotá2011 •
2012 •