KERS

Kinetic energy recovery system (KERS) is a technology used in formula-1 cars for recovering the energy lost in braking of the car and thus providing boost to the vehicle motion. Same concept i.e. regenerative braking can be applied in bicycle which uses a flywheel which will be mounted between the frames of the bicycle, the flywheel can store the braking energy by rotating and this energy can be given back to the system which will reduce the pedaling power required to drive the bicycle. This Flywheel Energy Storage (FES) system uses flywheel with suitable clutch mechanism along with sprocket and chains. Further this project concludes about efficiency and pedaling power in flywheel bicycle.

Abstract— “ENERGY NEITHER BE CREATED NOR BE DESTROYED BUT IT TRANSFORMS FROM ONE FORM TO OTHER.” In this transformation it may convert to either one form or different depending upon the forces acting, properties, type of materials and time etc.in many industrial applications this converted form of energy is also utilized to improve plant efficiency but major problem arises in recovery of this transformed energy. In automotive industry maximum amount of energy is wasted during braking. This problem is solved by the introduction of regenerative braking. Kinetic energy recovery system is a kind of regenerative braking system which has different approaches to store and reuse the lost energy. This paper mainly highlights the different ways of recovering energy using flywheel, super capacitors, batteries, hydraulic, hydroelectric actuators and influence of weight parameters for maximum performance of vehicle

International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (IJERT), 2020

https://www.ijert.org/kers-bicycle https://www.ijert.org/research/kers-bicycle-IJERTV9IS050901.pdf Kinetic Energy Recovery System, commonly abbreviated KERS, is a system to recover the Kinetic energy of a moving vehicle under braking. This system stores the kinetic energy in the form of potential energy and converts it back to kinetic energy when needed. When riding a bicycle it becomes too tiresome to start the bicycle again after braking. If the bicycle is provided with a kinetic energy recovery system then the rider will have two power sources that he can use at his will. When brakes are applied kinetic energy is wasted because the kinetic energy converts into heat energy due to friction at the contact surface and the heat energy dissipates into the atmosphere due to thermal radiation. Vehicles equipped with KERS devices are able to take some of its kinetic energy out slowing down the vehicle. This is a form of braking in which energy is not wasted, instead gets stored in some device.

Kinetic Energy Recovery System, which is commonly acronymed as KERS, is a system to recover the Kinetic energy of a moving vehicle while braking. This system stores the kinetic energy in the form of potential energy and when needed it's converted back to kinetic energy. When riding a bicycle it becomes too tedious to start the bicycle again after braking. The rider will have two sources of power that the rider can use at his desire, when the bicycle is provided with a kinetic energy recovery system. When the brakes are applied, the kinetic energy is wasted, because the kinetic energy converts into heat energy due to friction at the contact surface and the heat energy dissipates into the atmosphere due to thermal radiation. Vehicles accoutred with KERS devices are able to take some of its kinetic energy out, which makes the vehicle slow down. This is a form of braking where no energy is wasted, instead the energy gets stored in some other device. Using a suitable mechanism, this energy that is stored in the form of potential energy can be transformed back into the kinetic energy to give the vehicle an extra boost of power. In our project a Clutch based type of Kinetic Energy Recovery Systems is designed.

International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET), 2022

To improve driving ability of electric vehicle. Regenerative braking system (RBS) are an effective method of recovering the energy released and at the same time reducing the exhaust and brake emissions of vehicle. This method is based on the principle of converting the kinetic energy created by mechanical energy of the motor into electrical energy and the converted electrical energy is stored in battery for later use. These system provide economic benefits via fuel saving. This use also contribute to a clean environment and renewable energy source.

Advances in Mechatronics, 2011

In the present scenario, the energy crisis is one of the main challenges in the real world. The fossil-fuel resources are being depleted at a tremendous rate due to their excessive consumption. This has put forth the widespread assumption that if resources are being used at the current rate, the time is no longer when all our resources will expire. Thus, there is a need to develop technology that saves energy from getting wasted. Traditionally, regenerative braking with the ability to generate energy has been promising, but the amount of energy saved was highly insignificant. A considerable amount of energy, which is generated by the engine, is lost while braking even in case of regenerative braking. The regenerative braking involves direct conversion of the Kinetic energy to Electrical Energy; however, a promising alternative is present while storing the Kinetic Energy of the Vehicle in the form of Mechanical Energy of a rotating cylindrical flywheel. This paper states the advantages of storing the Kinetic Energy of the Vehicle in Mechanical form rather than direct conversion. For the design of this kinetic energy storing device, some calculation has been done for the vehicle at different resistance load, torque, speed, and calculation for selection of the planetary gear, design of flat spiral spring is considered and also using SOLID WORK software some parts of the system are designed. By taking the velocity of the vehicle from 8.34m/sec to 27.8, the kinetic energy loss of the vehicle is increasing with the increase of velocity, but the efficiency of the kinetic energy recovery system will decrease. Braking the vehicle with the velocity of 8.34m/sec has 219KJ of kinetic energy loss, and energy stored by flat spiral spring is 201.4KJ, and the system has efficiency of 91.9% and can save 0.00464L of fuel from 0.005L which will be consumed at 8.34m/sec. But the vehicle moving at 27.8m/sec, the kinetic energy loss is 2434.4KJ, and the stored energy is 201.4KJ, and the kinetic energy recovery system has efficiency of 8.3%. So, using flat spiral spring kinetic energy recovery is useful and recommendable for the vehicle, which has a high stop and goes times.

“In Search of the Tenth Century” (Review: A Viking Century Chernihiv Area from 900 to 1000 AD, edited by Stepan Stepanenko (Occasional Monographs. Hlib Ivakin memorial series 6), Paris: ACHCByz, 2022. — 636 p.), 2023

Stratum plus. No. 5. Archaeology and Cultural Anthropology Childhood in the Middle Ages Identifying toys Children in ritual practices in Europe Burials of boys with weapons Girls-princesses in early medieval China Childhood objects by 18 th-19 th centuries book illustrations New radiocarbon data from the time of the Hungarian Conquest Batu's Invasion: Babylonian Captivity on the Russian land Editor-in-Charge-Roman A. Rabinovici Saint Petersburg. Kishinev. Odesa. Bucharest. 2023 Stratum plus. Nr. 5. Arheologie şi antropologie culturală Copiii al Evului Mediu A recunoaște jucăria Copiii în practicile rituale ale Europei Înmormântările de băieţi cu arme Fetiţele-prinţese în China medievală timpurie Lumea obiectelor copilului în ilustraţia de carte din sec. XIII-XVI Noi date radiocarbon privind perioada cuceririi ungare Invazia lui Batu: exilul babilonean al Pământului rus Redactor responsabil-Roman A. Rabinovici