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2012, American Journal of Experimental Agriculture
2017 •
Decisions can be taken to increase energy efficiency and to mitigate the emissions to the environment by examining the energy audit and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions footprint of crop production in different ways and in different regions, with comparable principles. In this study, energy consumption and energy indices of tomatoes production in four regions of Iran including East Azerbaijan province (open field), the provinces of Kermanshah, Tehran and Isfahan (greenhouse) were compared using related articles data. Chemical fertilizers and irrigation water in tomato production in open field and diesel fuel and chemical fertilizers in the tomato production in greenhouses system was greatest energy consumer in Iran. Energy consumption of irrigation water for tomato production in open field was markedly higher than the production in the greenhouse. In this study, the inputs of diesel fuel, chemical fertilizers, chemicals, plastics, and electricity used in the production of tomatoes, wh...
The aim of this study was to examine the energy equivalents of input and output in greenhouse cucumber production in Varamin County of Tehran Province, Iran. A survey methodology with a sample of 200 greenhouse farms was employed in 2010. The results showed that the output–input ratio, specific energy and energy productivity were 0.017, 46.84MJ/kg and 0.02 kg/MJ, respectively. In this sense, diesel (99.03%), human labour (0.37%) and fertilizer (0.34%), had the highest proportion of energy consumption. Based on the results obtained, two strategies including input substitution and using technical progress were recommended for the best energy efficiency.
It is crucial to determine energy efficiency and environmental effects of greenhouse productions. Such study can be a viable solution in probing challenges and existing defects. The aims of this study were to analyze energy consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions for pepper production using biological method inside greenhouses which used natural gas (NG) heating system in Esfahan province. Data were collected from 22 greenhouse holders using a face to face questionnaire method, in 2010- 2011. Also, functional area was selected 1000 m2. Total energy input, total energy output, energy ratio, energy productivity, specific energy, net energy gain and total GHG emissions were calculated as 297799.9 MJ area-1, 3851.84 MJ area-1, 0.013, 0.016 kg MJ-1, 61.85 MJ kg-1, -293948 MJ area-1 and 14390.85 kg CO2 equivalent area-1, respectively. Result revealed that replacing diesel fuel with NG will not be an effective way of reducing energy consumption for greenhouse production. However, it is crucial to focus on energy management in order to enhance the energy and environmental indices. One way to supply adequate input energy and a reduction in GHG emissions is the utilization of renewable and clean energy sources instead of NG and diesel fuel. Also, it is suggested to adopt solar greenhouses in the region and to supply electricity from non-fossil sources seriously
2019 •
2011 •
2013 •
Expert Systems with Applications
Measuring productive efficiency of horticultural greenhouses in Iran: A data envelopment analysis approach2012 •
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
Energy use efficiency and greenhouse gas emissions of farming systems in north Iran2014 •
Biomass & Bioenergy
An input–output energy analysis in greenhouse vegetable production: a case study for Antalya region of Turkey2004 •
The aim of this research was to examine the energy equivalents of inputs and output in greenhouse vegetable production in the Antalya province of Turkey. For this purpose, the data for the production of four greenhouse crops (tomato, cucumber, eggplant and pepper) were collected in eighty-eight greenhouse farms by questionnaire. The results revealed that cucumber production was the most energy intensive of among the four crops investigated. Cucumber production consumed a total of followed by tomato with . The consumption of energy by eggplants and pepper were 98.68 and , respectively. The output–input energy ratio for greenhouse tomato, pepper, cucumber and eggplant were estimated to be 1.26, 0.99, 0.76 and 0.61, respectively. This indicated an intensive use of inputs in greenhouse vegetable production not accompanied by increase in the final product. This can lead to problems associated with these inputs such as global warming, nutrient loading and pesticide pollution. Therefore, there is a need to pursue a new policy to force producers to undertake energy efficient practices to increase the yield without diminishing natural resources.
2022 •
2008 •
American journal of public health
Could the President and Congress Precipitate a Public Health Crisis?2017 •
2006 •
European Journal of Immunology
IL-10 suppressor activity andex vivo Tr1 cell function are impaired in multiple sclerosis2008 •
2011 •
Social Science Research Network
Information Asymmetry and the Market Response to Open Market Share Repurchases2014 •
Journal of the American College of Cardiology
Energetic Effects of Protein Kinase C Inhibition During Calcium Induced Inotropy in the Isolated Perfused Mouse Heart1998 •
Journal of Applied Crystallography
Magnetic and nuclear structure of goethite (α-FeOOH): a neutron diffraction study2014 •
EALL Working Papers in Linguistics and Literatures Volume 4
Epistemic Challenges and speaker legitimacy: Evidence from an L1-L2 Japanese podcast2023 •