Turkey

Ann.฀Bot.฀Fennici฀42:฀381–385฀ Helsinki฀28฀October฀2005฀ ISSN฀0003-3847 ©฀Finnish฀Zoological฀and฀Botanical฀Publishing฀Board฀2005 Astragalus฀nezaketae฀(Fabaceae),฀a฀new฀species฀from฀ Turkey Ahmet฀Duran1฀&฀Zeki฀Aytaç2 ฀Selçuk฀ Üniversitesi,฀ Eâitim฀ Fakültesi,฀ Biyoloji฀ Bölümü,฀ Meram,฀ 42090฀ Konya,฀ Turkey฀ (e-mail:฀ ahmetduran22@yahoo.com) 2) ฀Gazi฀ Üniversitesi,฀ Fen-Edebiyat฀ Fakültesi,฀ Biyoloji฀ Bölümü,฀ Teknikokullar,฀ 06500฀ Ankara,฀ Turkey 1) Received฀17฀Feb.฀2004,฀revised฀version฀received฀29฀Nov.฀2004,฀accepted฀2฀Dec.฀2004 Duran,฀ A.฀ &฀ Aytaç,฀ Z.฀ 2005:฀ Astragalus฀ nezaketae฀ (Fabaceae),฀ a฀ new฀ species฀ from฀ Turkey.฀ —฀ Ann.฀Bot.฀Fennici฀42:฀381–385. Astragalus nezaketae A. Duran & Aytaç sp. nova with bifurcating hairs (sect. Incani), is described from East Anatolia in Turkey. It is an endemic and closely similar to A. ancistrocarpus. Diagnostic morphological characters from closely similar taxa are discussed. Key words: Astragalus, Fabaceae, new species, taxonomy Astragalus (Fabaceae), which is the richest genus of vascular plants on earth, is represented by a total of nearly 2500 species (Maassoumi 1998). It is also the largest genus in Turkey, where it is represented by ca. 455 species in 61 sections (Chamberlain & Matthews 1970, Davis et al. 1988). Generally, the genus Astragalus is best represented in the steppe areas in the IranoTuranian phytogeographic region of Turkey. The plants are adapted especially to steppe environment of high mountains (Chamberlain & Matthews 1970, Podlech 1999). The genus Astragalus was previously revised by Chamberlain and Matthews (1970) for the Flora of Turkey. Forty-one species have since been described; two species and two subspecies were newly reported from Turkey (Davis et al. 1988, Aytaç 2000). Since then, 33 new species have been identified by Podlech (1999, 2001) and Podlech and Sytin (2002), and nine new species have been described by different authors (Akan & Civelek 2001, Aytaç et al. 2001, Ekici & Aytaç 2001, Aytaç & Ekici 2002, Hamzaoğlu & Kurt 2002, Akan & Duman 2003, Göktürk et al. 2003, Hamzaoğlu 2003, Ketenoğlu & Menemen 2003, Akan & Aytaç 2004). In this paper we describe a further new species in the section Incani, which now has 27 species in Turkey (Chamberlain & Matthews 1970, Davis et al. 1988, Hamzaoğlu & Kurt 2002). The authors collected flowering and fruiting specimens of Astragalus in 1990 and 1999 in Erzurum and Erzincan provinces. The specimens were not referable to any known species. Studying the descriptions of Astragalus in Chamberlain and Matthews (1970), Davis et al. (1988), Townsend and Guest (1974), Aytaç (2000), Boissier (1872), Shishkin (1946), Post (1932), as well as a comparison with specimens in GAZI, HUB, E, K, G and KNYA, showed that the specimens represent a species new to science. 382฀ Duran฀&฀Aytaç฀ •฀ ANN.฀BOT.฀FENNICI฀ Vol.฀42 Fig.฀1.฀Astragalus฀nezaketae฀ (a–f,฀ from฀ holotype),฀ A.฀ancistrocarpus฀(g,฀from฀ isotype)฀ —฀ a:฀ Habit฀ and฀ legume.฀—฀b:฀Calyx.฀—฀c:฀ Wing.฀ —฀ d:฀ Keel.฀ —฀ e:฀ Standard.฀ —฀ f:฀ Stamens.฀ —฀g:฀Legume. Astragalus฀nezaketae฀A.฀Duran฀&฀Aytaç.฀ sp.฀nova฀(Figs.฀1฀and฀2) Affinis A. ancistrocarpo, sed foliolis sparse pilis infra, glabratis vel glabris supra (non omnino densis pilis), pedicellis ca. 3 mm longis (non subsessilibus), vexillis 24–27 mm longis (non 20–24 mm), leguminibus lateraliter compressis, 6–10 mm latis (non cylindiriceis, 4 mm) differt. TYPE: Turkey. A8 Erzurum, Erzurum–İspir yolu 50. km, Eğerti köyü, Kelkaya mevkii, step, 2000–2200 m, 19.VII.1990, H. Duman & Z. Aytaç 3195 (holotype GAZI; isotype KNYA). Perennial dwarf herb, scapose, with a woody base. Leaves 5–12 cm (excl. petiole), linear-oblong; petiole 2.55 cm long. Leaflets 6–12 pairs, 5–13 ¥ 4–7 mm, broadly orbicular to oblong-elliptic, rounded or subemarginate at apex, cuneate at base, sparsely adpressed bifurcate-sericeous below, glabrescent or glabrous above. Stipules whitish-hyaline, 8–12 mm long, ovate to lanceolate, subulate to acuminate at apex, adnate to petiole for 1–2 mm, covered with adpressed white hairs outside, later glabrescent. Peduncle 4–7.5 cm long, bearing black and white bifurcate hairs. Inflorescence a short raceme, ± ANN.฀BOT.฀FENNICI฀ Vol.฀42฀ •฀ Astragalus฀nezaketae,฀a฀new฀species฀from฀Turkey฀ 383 Fig.฀2.฀Distribution฀map฀of฀ Astragalus฀ nezaketae฀ ()฀ and฀A.฀ancistrocarpus฀()฀ in฀Turkey. lax, 4–9-flowered. Bracts thin membranous, 3–5 mm long, ovate to lanceolate, with adpressed sparse hairs. Bracteoles 2, minute scale-like, at the base of calyx. Flowers shortly pedicellate, pedicel ca. 3 mm long. Calyx 11–14 mm long, tubular, predominantly with adpressed black and sometimes few white hairs, gibbous at base; teeth subulate, 3–4 mm long. Petals mauve-pink. Standard 24–27 mm long, elliptic, ± obtuse at apex, tapering gradually at base. Wings ca. 20 mm long; blades oblong, obtuse at apex; auricle 1 mm long, claw 10 mm long. Keel ca. 17 mm long; blades 8–10 mm long, falcate-triangular, obtuse at apex; auricle ca. 1 mm long; claw 8–9 mm long. Stamens 11–13 mm long. Ovary 8–10 mm long, ± linear, attenuate-substipitate, densely adpressed white sericeous; style ca. 10 mm long, glabrous. Legume curved, ± spreading, (35–) 40–55 ¥ 6–10 mm, clearly laterally compressed, sutures very distinct, reticulate-veined, with sparse adpressed white hairs, mostly with brown blotches, bilocular with 15–20 seeds; beak 2–6 mm long, straight to slightly curved. Seeds subquadrate or comma-shaped, chestnut-brown, 2–3 ¥ 2 mm, scrobiculate. Flowering in June, fruiting in July. ETYMOLOGY: This species is named in honour of the Turkish botanist, Associate Professor Nezaket Adıgüzel (Biology Department, Gazi University). DISTRIBUTION: Endemic to Turkey (Erzincan and Erzurum provinces), of Irano-Turanian element. HABITAT ECOLOGY: It grows in calcareous stony slopes and steppe with Aubrieta canescens subsp. macrostyla, Hesperis bicuspidata, Arabis caucasica, Anchonium elichrysifolium, Gypsophila briquetiana, Centaurea pyrrhoblephara, Origanum acutidens, Stipa holosericea, Dactylis glomerata, between 2000–2600 m. Hemicryptophyte. Astragalus nezaketae is included in the section Incani, in which all taxa have ovate to narrowly cylindrical legumes. The legumes of A. nezaketae are conspicuously laterally compressed, which separates it easily from the other species of the section. Astragalus nezaketae resembles A. ancistrocarpus, which is known from South East Anatolia, Syria, Iraq, Iran and Jordan. Morphological differences between the two species are provided in Table 1. Another fairly similar species is A. siahcheshmehensis from Iran. The main differences in A. nezaketae are: stipules 8–12 mm long, covered with adpressed white hairs outside, later glabrescent (vs. 3–4 mm long, sparsely hairy at tip and margins in A. siahcheshmehensis); leaves 6–12 cm long (vs. 1.5–6 cm long); petiole 2.5–5 cm long (vs. 0.5–3 cm long); leaflets in 6–12 pairs, rounded or subemarginate at apex (vs. 2–6 pairs, mostly distinctly emarginate at the tip); peduncles 4–7.5 cm long (vs. 0.7–4 cm long); bracts 3–5 mm long (vs. 2–2.5 mm long); calyx with adpressed black and sometimes few white hairs (vs. sparsely covered with very short black hairs); petals mauve-pink (vs. dark violet); limb ± obtuse at apex (vs. slightly emarginate); legumes 40–55 ¥ 6–10 mm, ± spreading, the beak 2–6 mm long (vs. ca. 20 mm long, 3.5 mm high, erect, the beak 1–2 mm long); and valves mostly 384฀ Duran฀&฀Aytaç฀ •฀ ANN.฀BOT.฀FENNICI฀ Vol.฀42 Table฀1.฀Morphological฀comparison฀between฀Astragalus฀nezaketae฀and฀A.฀ancistrocarpus. Character฀ Astragalus฀nezaketae฀ Astragalus฀ancistrocarpus Leaflets฀ ฀ ฀ Stipules฀ Inflorescence฀ ฀ Bracts฀ Standard฀ Legume฀ ฀ sparsely฀adpressed฀sericeous฀below,฀ subglabrous฀or฀glabrous฀above฀ ฀ 8–12฀mm฀long฀ 4–9฀flowered,฀pedicel฀ca.฀3฀mm฀long฀ ฀ 3–5฀mm฀long฀ 24–27฀mm฀long฀ (35–)40–55฀¥฀6–10฀mm,฀laterally฀ compressed,฀sutures฀very฀distinct฀ generally฀on฀both฀surfaces฀densely adpressed฀sericeous,฀sometimes more฀densely฀below 5–8฀mm฀long 5–20฀flowered,฀flowers฀shortly pedicellate฀or฀subsessile 2–3฀mm฀long 20–24฀mm฀long 20–40฀¥฀4฀mm,฀cylindrical,฀sutures not฀so฀distinct with brown blotches (valves purplish-mottled) (Podlech & Maassoumi 2003). ADDITIONAL SPECIMENS EXAMINED (paratypes). — Turkey. B7 Erzincan, Üzümlü, Keşiş Dağı, 13. km, Devrant vicinity, 2550 m, 39°45.995´N, 39°43.370´E, 3.VII.1999 A. Duran 4833 (KNYA, GAZI, HUB, ANK). REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS EXAMINED of Astragalus ancistrocarpus. — Turkey. C6 Şanlıurfa: Birecik, Djebel Taken, 1888 Sint. 200 (E, photo KNYA!); C7 Şanlıurfa: Ceylanpınar, Şeyhane köyü çevresi, step, taşlı yerler, 520 m, 1995 N. Adıgüzel 2124 & Z. Aytaç (GAZI); same locality, 1995 N. Adıgüzel 2366 & Z. Aytaç (GAZI); Şanlıurfa: AkçakaleHarran, Telliçime (Bellitaş) köyü, Karac mezrası, Tektek Dağı, 450–550 m, 1980 A. Güner 2244 (HUB). — Syria. (Syrian Desert) in deserto Mesopotamia ad radices montis Gebel Abdul Aziz, 1867 Haussknecht (isotype K, photo KNYA! GAZI!); Gebel Rat Juah (Qaryatein), 3300–5000´, 1949, Davis 5615 (E, photo KNYA!); in monte Gebel Abaid deserti Syriae inter Hama et Palmyran, 1859 Blanche 3092 (syntype G, photo KNYA! GAZI!) Acknowledgements The authors thank GAZI, ANK and HUB that allowed us to study their Astragalus specimens. The first author also thanks K, G and E for sending digital photographs and pictures of some specimens. The type specimen of the new species was collected during “The Revision of the Genus Hesperis L. of Turkey” project, which is funded by TÜBİTAK (Project No. TBAG–1748). References Akan, H. & Aytaç, Z. 2004: A new species of Astragalus (Fabaceae) from Turkey. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 41: 209– 212. Akan, H. & Civelek, Ş. 2001: Astragalus aytatchii (Fabaceae), a new species from Anatolia, Turkey. — Ann. Bot. Fen- nici 38: 167–170. Akan, H. & Duman, H. 2003: New species of Astragalus L. (sect. Alopecuroidei: Leguminosae) from Turkey. — Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 143: 201–205. Aytaç, Z. 2000: Astragalus L. — In: Güner, A., Özhatay, N., Ekim, T. & Başer, K. H. C. (eds.), Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands (suppl.) 11: 79–88. Edinburgh Univ. Press, Edinburgh. Aytaç, Z. & Ekici, M. 2002: A new species of Astragalus L. (Sect. Proselius) (Leguminosae) from Central Anatolia Turkey. — Nordic J. Bot. 22: 59–63. Aytaç, Z., Ekici, M. & Açık, L. 2001: A new species of Astragalus L. 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Podlech, D. & Sytin, A. 2002: New species of Astragalus L. (Leguminosae) sect. Hololeuce, Onobrychoidei, Orni- 385 thopodium & Synochreati and a new section Baldaccia. — Sendtnera 8: 155–166. Post, G. E. 1932: Astragalus L. — In: Post, G. E. (ed.), Flora of Syria, vol. 2: 373–408. Am. Univ. Beirut. Shishkin, B. K. 1946: Astragalus L. — In: Komarov, V. L. (ed.), Flora of the U.S.S.R. 12: 1–681. — Israel P. Sci. Trans., Jerusalem. [Translated from Russian]. Townsend, C.C. 1974: Astragalus L. — In: Townsend, C. C. & Guest, E. (eds.), Flora of Iraq, vol. 3: 231–442. Glasgow Univ. Press, Glasgow. This฀article฀is฀also฀available฀in฀pdf฀format฀at฀http://www.sekj.org/AnnBot.html