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2008, Human Ecology
It is known that the relationship between humans and their animals is important for understanding many aspects of nomadic pastoralist systems, including nomadic movement. However, to date, these complex human–animal relations have not been analyzed in a way that has led to an explanatory model of nomadic movement capable of producing testable hypotheses. Based on ethnographic material collected amongst Komi and Nenets nomadic reindeer herders of the Russian Arctic, we argue that nomadic movements can be best understood as a product of the interplay that exists between animal behaviour and the herders’ skilful actions to (a) maintain herd cohesion and (b) avoid hazards, whilst deploying the minimum amount of resources (i.e., human/animal effort and use of equipment) on rounding up the herd, stopping and turning it. Ecological factors affect movement through their influence on animal behaviour, whereas non-ecological factors do so by influencing the herders’ skilful actions. We demonstrate that, based on these assumptions, it is possible to build a testable model explaining the movement of some nomadic groups.
Nomadic Peoples
Mobility and Technology: Understanding the Vulnerability Of Two Groups of Nomadic Pastoralists to Reindeer Losses2006 •
2010 •
Most of the existing anthropological literature that recognizes human-animal interaction as being at the core of nomadic pastoralism focuses on nomads as the only active agents of this interaction. Nomads interact with their animals by either adapting their actions to animal behavior or by changing this behavior in ways to suit them. Based on empirical material from two groups of reindeer herding nomads in northern Russia, we suggest that human-animal interaction in nomadic pastoralism can be better understood as being the result of a dynamic mutual behavioral adaptation. In the process of this adaptation, animals change their behavior in response to the herders’ actions, which in turn leads to a responsive change to herders’ patterns of actions, etc. We argue that this approach can account for the differences in both animal behavior and herding technologies across nomadic pastoralist cultures, as well as for some of the divergent developments within these cultures.
Journal of Ethnology and Folkloristics Vol. 6 (1): 89–105
From the Reindeer Path to the Highway and Back–Understanding the Movements of Khanty Reindeer Herders in Western Siberia2012 •
"The following article* explores the meaning of roads and the practices of movement for a small group of forest inhabitants in the Western Siberian lowlands on the middle Ob. The indigenous people known as the Khanty live as reindeer herders, fishermen and hunters in the midst of oilfields in the Surgut Rayon. The article examines their emic point of view opposed to the evaluation of the state administration. Anthropological research can access the mobility of people in two ways. At first researchers map movement in physical and metaphysical time and space, they observe and record the practice of movement. The second important source for anthropological insight is what people say about their practices of movement and how they evaluate them and the spaces in which they move. The following article tries to show that these perspectives remain incomplete without a synthesis of both. The first perspective allows only for a functionalist classification and the second allows the researcher to be taken in by the black and white pictures of moral evaluations that render the complexity of everyday life invisible. Only a synthesis of both, a careful interpretation of indigenous narratives before the background of social and political circumstances let us understand the practices of movement we can observe in the everyday life of people. Khanty reindeer herders try to build up a distance from the world of intruders and try to defend their autonomy in the forest. By accessing everyday practices and motivations instead of ready-made explanations it is revealed that the Khanty are not doomed to adapt to new situations, but they try to negotiate and manipulate them in their favour. The article tries to prove that one has to skip the objectifying approach to a hermeneutic one to grasp their abilities to do so."
2023 •
Human and animal mobility lies at the core of any nomadic pastoralist system. Anthropological studies of migratory patterns of mobile pastoralists' movements have revealed two universal sets of factors-ecological and nonecological-that influence such movements differently. Our study focuses on the nomadic movement of the Yamal Nenets reindeer herders in the Russian Arctic using a microregional approach to study the indigenous communities on a large scale. The Nenets households of the Mordyyakha microregion in the northwest of the Yamal Peninsula have changed winter pasture sites several times over the past 15-20 years, while maintaining a stable summer route. Based on fieldwork among these people, we analyse how environmental and non-environmental factors influence the dynamics of their summer and winter meridional nomadic routes. We argue that long-term changes in their winter mobility are mainly related to the quality of pastures. Changing winter sites is a strategy that relates to ecological factors and still remains relevant for the households migrating via the meridional pastoral corridors of Yamal. In contrast, changing summer areas, as a rule, occurs in response to developing industry and, thus, relates to non-ecological factors.
Kolas, Ashild, Xie, Yuanyuan (eds.), Reclaiming the Forest. The Ewenki Reindeer Herders of Aoluguya.
"The Many Faces of Nomadism among the Reindeer Ewenki: Uses of Land, Mobility and Exchange Networks"2015 •
This article is based on the results of recent fieldwork among the Evenk reindeer herders in the northern Baikal region. It argues that reindeer domestication should be approached as a never-ending process that happens in the context of animal and human movement and can be described as domestication-in-practice and domestication-on-the-move. An important signal of the fact that animals became closer to people is their constant return to a camp. This article presents the ethnography of how people try to facilitate these returns by feeding reindeer with salt, producing smoke and binding calves to stakes and poles. On the one hand, animals periodically come back to a camp. On the other hand, reindeer herders know the places to which the animals return outside the camp and this helps them to find reindeer in certain places. Reindeer herding in the northern Baikal region is based on constant relocation of the herd from place to place, implying daily short-term movement in order to bring animals to the camp and meaning a continuous monitoring of reindeer and predator movements.
Annuaire de l'EPHE, section des Sciences religieuses (2013-2014)
2014 L'Apocalypse de Jean de Patmos2014 •
Au cours de quatre interventions échelonnées du 15 mai au 5 juin, nous avons proposé un état de la recherche sur l’Apocalypse de Jean suivi d’un parcours en trois étapes au long duquel nous nous sommes arrêté aux oracles adressés aux sept assemblées (Ap 2-3) ; à l’opposition entre la grande cité, Babylone, et la Jérusalem nouvelle ; et enfin aux deux bêtes (Ap 13) et aux deux témoins (Ap 11). Il ressort de ce parcours que si cette « Révélation de Jésus Christ » (Ap 1,1) est, depuis Irénée de Lyon, et sans doute avant lui, jusqu’aujourd’hui, transmise, reçue et interprétée comme un texte chrétien, c’est un texte judéen qu’a conçu le prophète Jean. Annonçant post eventum la ruine d’une Jérusalem souillée par sa prostitution avec les nations, et non celle de Rome, ainsi que la mort de la royauté et du sacerdoce anciens, il proclame une royauté et un sacerdoce nouveaux désormais exercés par le peuple des fidèles de Jésus Christ (Ap 1,5) et l’avènement de la Jérusalem nouvelle, épouse de l’Agneau vêtue de lin pur (Ap 19,8), cité sainte descendue du ciel au milieu de laquelle se trouve le trône de Dieu et de l’Agneau (Ap 21,3), où n’entrera désormais nulle souillure (Ap 21,27).
Stéphanie Cudré-Mauroux, Christoph König, Martin Steinrück (éds.), Lire Jean Bollack / Jean Bollack lesen, Schwabe Verlag, 2023, p. 135-152.
DE LA SPHERE A LA PENSEEThis article proposes an interpretation of the repetition that links fr. 29 and 134 DK of Empédocles, based on a reconstruction of the reasons that led Jean Bollack away from reading this repetition.
Hamsa. Journal of Judaic and Islamic Studies (Dossier em Honra à Professora Filomena Barros)
Mantener la «ley» entre cristianos. Arbitraje islámico, jurisconsultos y praxis judicial en un pleito por herencia entre musulmanes de Arévalo (ca. 1473-1501)2023 •
This paper analyzes the lawsuit for the inheritance of Fátima, a Mudejar neighbor of Arévalo, held between her relatives and judged in different Christian instances between 1473 and 1493. Its specific content, in the case of the Castilian Mudejars, the maintenance of internal conflict resolution mechanisms provided by Islamic jurisprudence, such as recourse to arbitration and the opinion of jurisconsults. At the same time, it reveals the group's ability to adapt particularly useful judicial practices to a context of Christian domination to preserve the correct application of the “law” as the main defining element of the collective's identity.
SMART. La persona e l'infosfera
GDPR e intelligenza artificiale limiti al processo decisionale automatico in sanita2022 •
IOSR-JESTFT; JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE , TOXICOLOGY AND FOOD TECHNOLOGY.
Assessment of Some Physicochemical Parameters of Soil And Heavy Metals In Soil And Vegetables Cultivated Along The Bank of Mpape River In FCT, Abuja, Nigeria2018 •
2006 •
Economics and Innovative Technologies
Application of Blockchain Technologies in Ensuring the Security of Lending Transactions in the Digital EconomyDynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans
Regional primitive equation modeling and analysis of the polymode data set1989 •
FEMS Microbiology Letters
Genetic transformation of yeast protoplasts with DNA encapsulated in liposomes1986 •
Cairo Studies In English, The Imaginaire and Reshaping the World
Deconstructing Borders: Arab American Immigrants and Body Politics in Mohja Kahf’s The Girl in the Tangerine Scarf2024 •
Italian journal of anatomy and embryology
Changes in the gene expression of co-cultured human fibroblast cells and osteosarcoma cells: the role of microenvironment2015 •
International Journal of Nonlinear Analysis and Applications
Big data analysis by using one covariate at a time multiple testing (OCMT) method: Early school dropout in Iraq2021 •
2016 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)
An empirical comparison among the effect of different supports in sequential robotic manipulation