International Journal of Chemical Studies 2017; 5(5): 2301-2304 P-ISSN: 2349–8528 E-ISSN: 2321–4902 IJCS 2017; 5(5): 2301-2304 © 2017 IJCS Received: 13-07-2017 Accepted: 14-08-2017 Kanhaiyalal Sanodiya Department of Vegetable Science, collage OUAT, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India Geeta Pandey Assistant professor, Department of Floriculture & Landscaping, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India Sakles Department of Vegetable Science, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India Pranjal Singh Rajput Consultant department of horticulture, IGNTU, Amarakantak, Madhya Pradesh, India Ajay kumar Verma Scientist, ICAR-CIAH, Bikaner, Rajasthan. India Correspondence Kanhaiyalal Sanodiya Department of Vegetable Science, collage OUAT, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India Effect of seed treatment with growth regulator on growth, yield and seed quality parameters of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.): CV. Utkal Gaurav Kanhaiyalal Sanodiya, Geeta Pandey, Saklesh, Pranjal Singh Rajput and Ajay kumar Verma Abstract A field experiment was conducted, to study the Effect of growth regulator on growth, yield and seed quality parameters of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.):cv. Utkal Gaurav, was carried at Central Farm, Breeder Seed Production Unit, College of Agriculture, OUAT during Kharif season of 2015-2016, use of different growth regulators as seed treatment in 25 & 50 ppm. Among all the treatments, T 1 (GA3 @ 50 ppm) require minimum number of days for start germination (2.07 days) and 100% germination (9.35 days), the maximum plant height was found (102.08cm), , highest test weight (7.84 g), Seedling shoot length (16.24 cm) and Days to require first flowering was found to be earliest in (34.31 days) and first harvesting (40.83 days) was recorded, among the growth regulator maximum fruit weight (15.09 g), dry fruit weight (4.96 g) fruit yield per plot (4.48kg) and yield per hectare (89.21) was observe in T 3 (NAA @ 50 ppm). Keywords: Effect, NAA, GA3 yield seed quality parameter of okra. Introduction Okra is an annual herbaceous vegetable crop that is grown for its tender fruit often consumed as vegetable. The plant is a robust, erect, annual herb, ranging 1-2 m height, with simple leaves, which are alternate and palmately veined. It is often cross-pollinated where the natural cross pollination occurs from 8.75 – 9.61%. Growth and yield of okra depend upon various factors including seed quality, nutrition, climatic conditions and cultural practices but chemical substances like plant growth regulators can bring changes in the phenotypes of plants and affect growth, either by enhancing or by stimulating the natural growth regulatory systems from seed germination to senescence (Das and Das, 1995) [4]. Plant growth regulators are considered as new generation of agro chemicals after fertilizers, insecticides and herbicides. The use of plant growth regulators has led to intensive scientific activity for their commercial exploitation. Since, 1949 several valuable effects of different plant growth regulators have been studied on a number of horticultural crops (Khan et al., 2006) [7]. Although, plant growth regulators have great potential for growth improvement, but their application has to be planned sensibly in terms of optimal concentration, stage of application, species specificity and seasons. Similarly, those are inorganic substances necessary for the normal growth and development of plants and have important role in various enzymatic processes, assimilation, oxidation and reduction reactions and help in increasing the biomass and pod yield. Hence the present investigation is done to study the effect of growth regulators in growth, yield, and seed quality of okra. Material and methods The experiment was conducted during kharif season 2015-16 was carried at Central Farm, Breeder Seed Production Unit, College of Agriculture, OUAT. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with three replications and ten treatment combinations involving plant growth regulators viz., Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA), Gibberellic Acid (GA3), Indole3-butyric acid (IBA), Triacontanol and indol buteric acid each at different concentrations applied as seed treatment. The seeds of okra were sown in the main field with recommended ~ 2301 ~ International Journal of Chemical Studies package of practices. Observations are collected on the growth of crop in ten randomly selected plants in a each plot and treatment. Treatment details given are below. T1 = Seed treatment with 50 ppm GA3 T2 = Seed treatment with 25 ppm GA3 T3 = Seed treatment with 50 ppm NAA T4 = Seed treatment with 25 ppm NAA T5 = Seed treatment with 50 ppm IBA T6 = Seed treatment with 25 ppm IBA T7= Seed treatment with 50 ppm Triacontanol T8 = Seed treatment with 25 ppm Triacontanol T9=Water soaked Seed T10 = Control dry seed Effect of growth regulators on growth parameters of okra CV. Utkal Gaurav Among the treatments, T1 (GA3 @ 50 ppm) require minimum number of days for start germination (2.07 days) and 100 % germination (9.35 days), which was followed by T 5. Similar result was reported by Dhoran & Gudadhe (2012) [6], where GA3 was highly effective of germination in Asparagus seeds. GA3 increases the activity of hydrolytic enzymes during germination process. Hydrolytic enzymes get diffused into endosperm, where they catalyse the digestion of stored food material into sugar amino acid etc. these product are used during germination and seedling emergence (Sinha 2014) [16]. The maximum plant height was found (102.08cm) in T 1 (GA3 @ 50 ppm) they sows superior over the other treatment and control. Similar result was reported by Naruka and Paliwal (1999) [9]. This increase in plant height is due to its effect on stem elongation by rapid cell elongation and multiplication of cells in sub-apical meristem. The rapid growth that occurs is a result of both the greater number of cells formed and elongation of individual cells. The increase in plant height by GA3 application has also been reported by Sorte et al. (2001) [20] in brinjal, Natesh et al. (2005) [10] in chilli. Days to require first flowering was found to be earliest in (34.31 days) and first harvesting (40.83 days) was recorded in the T3 (NAA @ 50 ppm), which was followed by T 1.(GA3 @ 50 ppm). Similar result was reported in Chandiniraj et al. (2016) [3]. The increased synthesis of auxin in the root tissue by their enhanced activity due to the application of NAA and their simultaneous transport to the axillary buds would have resulted in a better sink for the mobilization of photoassimilates at a faster rate. This would have helped in the early transformation from the vegetative phase to reproductive phase. The induction of early flower bud initiation might be influenced by narrowing of the significant accumulation of carbohydrates. The result on earliness in flowering in this experiment goes with the reports by Singh and Mukherjee (2000) [18] in chilli. Similar result was confirmed by Deshmukh (2010) [5] in chilli. Table 1: Effect of growth regulator as seed treatment on growth parameters of okra cv. Utkal Gaurav Treatment T1 GA3 @ 50 ppm T2 GA3 @ 25 ppm T3 NAA @ 50 ppm T4NAA @25 ppm T5 IBA @ 50 ppm T6 IBA @ 25 ppm T7 Tricontanol @ 10 ppm T8Triacontanol @ 5 ppm T9 water soaked T10 Control dry seed Mean SEm± CD 5% Days to start germination 2.07 2.47 2.57 2.89 2.21 2.34 2.67 3.05 3.51 3.67 2.75 0.13 0.39 Days to 100 per cent germination 9.35 11.57 12.14 13.37 10.00 11.57 12.69 13.65 14.34 15.00 12.37 0.63 1.86 Effect of growth regulator on yield parameters of okra cv. Utkal Gaurav. Fruit girth and fruit length was significantly influenced by different growth regulator treatments. Maximum fruit length (15.32 cm) and fruit girth (6.37 cm) was reported T 1 (GA3 @ 50 ppm), which was followed by T 3. Similar result was observed in Patil and Patel (2010) [11] where maximum fruits girth and fruit length was higher in GA3 treatment followed by NAA. The increase in the size of fruit i.e. length and diameter may be a result of cell enlargement and cell elongation, which is caused by the supply of growth regulators within the plants. These results were supported by Singh and Kumar (1998) [15] and Pawar et al. (1977) [13]. Final height (cm) 102.08 99.83 100.24 99.25 98.25 96.04 95.60 95.22 93.28 91.50 97.13 0.86 2.56 Days to first flowering 34.68 34.97 34.31 35.25 36.46 36.75 36.42 37.17 38.82 38.51 36.33 0.80 2.39 First harvesting (days) 42.68 43.43 40.83 42.93 43.30 44.14 43.78 44.78 46.25 46.68 43.88 0.69 2.06 Among the growth regulator maximum fruit weight (15.09 g), dry fruit weight (4.96 g) fruit yield per plot (4.48kg) and yield per hectare (89.21) was observe in T 3 (NAA @ 50 ppm). Similar result was observed in Prasad et al. (2013) [12]. It is a well-established fact by several workers that increased yield is product of increased yield parameters like fruit length, width and number of seeds. The increased yield with NAA is due to greater mobilization of reserved food materials to fruit and seed, which ultimately increase the fruit length, width and number of seeds. Similar results were reported by Kishan et al. (2001) [8]. These results are in conformity with the finding of Akhtar et al. (1996) [1], Soha et al. (2009) [19]. Table 2: Effect of growth regulator as seed treatment on yield parameters of okra cv. Utkal Gaurav. Treatment T1 GA3 @ 50 ppm T2 GA3 @ 25 ppm T3 NAA @ 50 ppm T4 @ NAA 25 ppm Fresh fruit Dry fruit Number of Fruits Fruit Fruit Fruit yield weight (g.) weight (g.) fruit per plant length (cm) girth (cm) yield/plot (kg) (q/ha) 14.65 4.71 13.04 15.32 6.37 4.32 86.05 14.28 4.42 12.54 14.14 6.14 4.20 83.62 15.09 4.96 14.10 14.56 6.28 4.48 89.21 14.73 4.52 12.60 13.89 6.22 4.24 84.44 ~ 2302 ~ International Journal of Chemical Studies T5 IBA @ 50 ppm T6 IBA @ 25 ppm T7 Tricontanol @ 10 ppm T8Triacontanol @ 5 ppm T9 water soaked T10 Control dry seed Mean SEm± CD 5% 13.44 12.78 4.40 4.17 12.13 11.80 13.93 13.82 5.45 5.97 4.17 4.07 82.99 81.15 12.33 4.36 12.03 13.20 6.09 4.14 82.46 12.13 4.21 11.77 13.25 5.85 4.06 80.81 11.98 11.47 13.29 0.28 0.84 4.13 4.03 4.39 0.03 0.10 10.66 10.47 12.11 0.32 0.96 13.06 11.56 13.67 0.39 1.154 5.40 5.36 5.91 0.09 0.28 3.99 3.96 4.16 0.05 0.15 80.57 79.02 83.03 1.44 4.27 Effect of growth regulator on seedling parameters of okra cv. Utkal Gaurav. Among the growth regulators, highest test weight (7.84 g), germination percentage (94.67 per cent), Seedling shoot length (16.24 cm), fresh seedling weight (6.35 g), seedling dry weight (29.50 mg) was observed in T 1 (GA3 @ 50 ppm), which was followed by T3 Similar result was reported in Ravat and Makani (2015) [14]. The increase in seed quality parameters obtained due to spraying of (GA3 @ 50 ppm) might be due to higher percentage of bolder seeds coupled with the higher test weight of seeds and due to increased translocation and assimilation of photosynthates from source to the sink (seeds). Similar findings were also reported by Balakumar & Balsubramanian (1988) [2], Singh and Lal (1995) [17]. Table 3: Effect of growth regulator as seed treatment on seedling parameters of okra cv. Utkal Gaurav. Treatment T1 GA3 @ 50 ppm T2 GA3 @ 25 ppm T3 NAA @ 50 ppm T4 NAA @ 25 ppm T5 IBA @ 50 ppm T6 IBA @ 25 ppm T7 Tricontanol @ 10 ppm T8Triacontanol @ 5 ppm T9 water soaked T10 Control dry seed Mean SEm± CD 5% CD 1% Test weight (g) 7.84 7.35 7.68 6.88 7.54 6.67 6.97 6.53 6.22 5.33 6.90 0.21 0.63 - Germination per cent 94.67 93.35 90.68 88.54 91.38 89.15 87.82 86.92 85.64 81.00 88.92 1.03 3.05 4.17 Conclusion It can be concluded that use of seed treatment with NAA @ 50 ppm (T3) is most efficient in improving the yield quality parameter and Seed quality parameter i.g. test weight, germination percentage, fresh seedling weight etc. was enhance the use of GA3 @ 50 PPM (T 1). References 1. Akhtar N, Bhuian AH, Quadir A, Mondal F. Effect of NAA on yield and quality of summer tomato. Annals Bangladesh Agriculture. 1996; 6(1):67-70. 2. Balakumar T, Balsubramanian NA. Effect of hormonal treatments on biomass production in tomato. Tropical Agriculture. 1988; 65:373-375. 3. 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