Scholars International Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine
Abbreviated Key Title: Sch Int J Tradit Complement Med
ISSN 2616-8634 (Print) |ISSN 2617-3891 (Online)
Scholars Middle East Publishers, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
Journal homepage: https://scholarsmepub.com/sijtcm/
Review Article
Medicinal FlowersAn Ayurvedic Review
*
Dr. Umakant N. Rabb
Assistant Professor, Department of Dravyaguna Vijnana, Acharya Deshbhushan Ayurveda Medical College and Hospital, Shamanewadi-Bedkihal, Tal:
Chikkodi, Dist: Belagavi, Karnataka, India
DOI: 10.36348/sijtcm.2019.v02i10.002
| Received: 02.12.2019 | Accepted: 11.12.2019 | Published: 20.12.2019
*Corresponding author: Dr. Umakant N. Rabb
Abstract
Flower is the reproductive structure of the plant, which contains the active molecules called phyto-chemicals. These
phyto-chemicals have potential biological activities when administered in the body, which help to eradicate the diseases
and to attain health. Flower is the symbol of love and consciousness. It is one of the ultimate sources of happiness. In the
yogic science each our bodily Chakra (Plexus) resembles the symbol of flower. Since Vedic period the flowers were used
in the form of Pushabhisheka, Garland, and decorative purposes. The flowers too have spiritual aspects. For example
Lord Bramha, Goddess Laxmi is sitting on lotus flower. Lord Buddha holds a lotus flower in his hand symbolises the
Mantra “OM MANI PADME HUM”. Lord Shiva likes the Dhattura (Datura metal Linn), Dronapushpi flowers for
Abhisheka. Lord Vishnu likes Tulasi flowers. Lord Ganesha likes Japa Pushpa; likewise flowers are being used since
Vedic period not only for ritual but also for therapeutic purpose. Here an attempt is made to explore the various types of
medicinal flowers, their therapeutic actions which were dealt in Ayurvedic classical texts. Further scope of study is to
cultivate such medicinal flowers and evaluate the pharmacological actions by experimentally as well as clinical trials.
Keywords: Ayurveda, Pushpa, Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, Astanga Hridaya, Nighantu etc.
Copyright @ 2019: This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution license which permits unrestricted
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium for non-commercial use (NonCommercial, or CC-BY-NC) provided the original author and source
are credited.
INTRODUCTION
Flower is the reproductive structure of the
plant, which contains the active molecules called phytochemicals. These phyto-chemicals have potential
biological activities when administered in the body and
also help to eradicate the diseases and to attain health.
Flower is the symbol of love, beauty and consciousness.
It is most attractive part of the plant and also liked by
animal beings. Since Vedic period flowers were using
for various health ailments, various rituals and also for
cosmetic purposes. The Charaka Samhita explains the
group of drugs which mainly contain flowers and which
are used for eliminating the abnormal colours of the
urine, stool, retaining stools i.e anti-diarrhoeal, flowers
eliminating Daha (Burning sensation). Acharya
Sushruta also mentioned some group of drugs. In these
groups the flowers are being used for various diseases.
Viz; Utpaladi Gana –This group is similar to the group
of Mutravirajaniya Gana of Charaka Samhita.
DISCUSSION
In Charaka Samhita [1] the therapeutic uses of
flowers are described in the following groups.
1. Mutravirajaniya Gana- The drugs which
eliminates the abnormal colour of the urine. This
group contains flowers such as Padma, Utpala,
2.
3.
4.
Nalina, Kumuda, Saugandhika, Pundarika,
Shatapatra, Madhuka, Priyangu, and Dhataki.
Purishasangrahaniya Gana- The drugs which
retains the stool called as anti diarrhoeal. This
group contains Dhataki Pushpa and Stamens of the
Kamala.
Purishavirajaniya Gana- The drugs which
eliminates the abnormal colour of the stool. The
flowers in this group are Madhuka and Utpala.
Dahaprashamana Gana- The drugs which pacifies
the heat and burning sensation. The flowers are
Madhuka and Neelotpala
In Sushruta Samhita [2] the flowers are
included in these groups. Viz
1. Utpaladi Gana- The drugs are similar to the
Mutravirajananiya of Charaka Samhita. This
group subsides Daha(Burning senation), RaktaPitta
diseases, Thrishna(Thirst), Visha(Poison
effects), Hrit(Heart diseases), Chardi(Vomiting),
Murcha(Fainting).
2. Anjanadi Gana- The flowers of this group are
Nagapushpa, Priyangu, Neelotpala, stamens of
Kamala.
3. Priyangwadi Gana- Tis group includes Dhataki,
Punnaga, Nagapushpa, stamens of Kamala.
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4.
Ambasthadi Gana- This group contains Dhataki
and stamens of Kamala.
The Priyangwadi and the Ambasthadi Ganas
are alleviates Atisara(diarrhoea), Sandhanakara(Heals
the fractures.).
5. Sarivadi Gana- It includes Madhuka flowers. This
particular group alleviates Thrishna (Thirst),
Rakta-Pitta (Heamorrhage), Pittaja Jwara (Fever
due to Pitta Dosha) associated with Daha (Burning
sensation).
6. Eladi Gana- This group includes Keshara and
stamens of Punnaga. This group alleviates VataKapha Dosha, Visha (Poison effects), Kantiprada
(Improves
complexion),
Kusthagna
(Skin
diseases), Kandu (Itching sensation), Sheetapitta
(Urticaria).
7. Pittasamshamana Gana [3] - This group includes
Padma, Utpala, Nalina, Kumuda, Saugandhika,
Pundarika, Shatapatra, Madhuka, Priyangu and
Dhataki.
Therapeutic uses of Pushpa (Flowers) AGASTYA PUSHPA (Sesbenia grandiflora Pers)
[4-6] - The Agastya Pushpa is Tuvara (Astringent),
Tikta(Bitter), Sheeta(Cold) in potency, PittaKapha-Asr Shantikrit(Subsides Pitta, Kapha and
Rakta Doshas).
AGNIMANTHA PUSHPA(Premna mucranata
Roxb)[7],[8],[9] - The Angimantha Pushpa is
Hridya(Good for heart), Sara(Laxative), Tridosha
shaman(Subsides all the three Doshas), Alleviates
Adhmana(Flatulence),
Chardi(Vomiting),
Shotha(Edema),
Chakshuroga(Eye
diseases),
Vishapaha(Poisonous effects).
MADHAVI PUSHPA(Hiptage benghalensis Kurz)
[10, 11] - The Madhavi Pushpa is
Kashaya(Astringent) in taste, Hima(Cold) in
potency, Subsides Pitta, Daha(Burning sensation),
Jwara(Fever),
Unmada(Euphoria),
Hikka(Hiccough),
Chardi(Vomiting),
Shrama(Lethargy).
AMLIKA PUSHPA (Tamarindus indica Linn) [12]
- The Amlika Pushpa is Swadu (Sweet) in taste,
Kashaya
(Astringent),
Amla(Sour),
Ruchiprada(Promotes taste), Mehagna (Cures
urinary
diseases
including
diabetes),
Agnijanana(Appetizer), Laghu(Light), subsides
Vata and Kapha Doshas.
ARKA PUSHPA(Calotropis procera(Ait) R.Br)
[13],[14]
- Arka Pushpa is Madhura(Sweet) ,
Tikta(Bitter) in taste , Subsides Kustha(Skin
diseases), Krimi(Worms), Kapha, Akhorvisha(RatPoisoning), Raktapitta(Haemorrhage), Shopha
(Edema), Gulma(Visceral organ diseases).
ALARKA PUSHPA (Calotropis gigantean(Linn),
R.Br.exAit) [15] - The Alarka Pushpa is
Laghu(Light),
Vrishya(Aphrodisiac),
Deepana(Appetizer),
Pachana(Digestive),
Alleviates
Arochaka(Loss
of
appetite),
1.
2.
Praseka(Exess salivation), Arsha(Haemorrhoids),
Kasa(Cough), Shwasa(Dyspnoea).
ASHOKA PUSHPA (Saraca asoca roxb. De
Wilde) [16] - The Ashoka Pushpa is
Kashaya(Astringent), Hima(Cold) in potency,
Tikta(Bitter), Grahi(Absorbent), Varnya(Improves
complexion),
It
subsides
Trisha(Thirst),
Daha(Burning
sensation),
Raktapitta(Haemorrhage).
ASANA PUSHPA (Pterocarpus marsupium Roxb)
[17, 18] - The Asana Pushpa is Tikta (Bitter) in
taste, Madhura Vipaka (Sweet) in post digestive
effect, Kapha-Pittahara (Subsides Kapha and Pitta
Doshas).
AMRA PUSHPA (Mangifera indica Linn) [19] The Amra Pushpa is Kashaya (Astringent), Grahi
(Absorbent), Rochana (Promotes taste), KaphaPittahara (Subsides Kapha and Pitta Dosha). It is
used in Prameha (Urinary diseases including
diabetes), Atisara (Diarrhea), Asrag (Blood
diseases).
ARAGWADHA PUSHPA (Cassia fistula Linn)
[20, 21] - The Aragwadha Pushpa is Kashaya
(Astringent), Hima (Cold in potency), Swadu
(Tasty), Sangrahi (Absorbent), Tikta (Bitter) in
taste, Manojnya (Charming/ Beautiful).
AVARTAKI PUSHPA (Cassia auriculata Linn)
[22] -The Avartaki Pushpa is Kashaya
(Astringent), Tikta (Bitter) in taste, possess yellow
colour flower, Alleviates Prameha (Urinary
diseases including diabetes), Krimi (Worms),
Kustha(Skin diseases).
INGUDI PUSHPA (Balanites aegyptiaca (Linn)
Delile) [23] -The Ingudi Pushpa is Ushna(Hot in
potency), Snigdha(Demulcent), Swadu(Sweet),
Tikta(Bitter) in taste, Subsides Vataja diseases,
Krimi(Worms), Shleshma(Kapha Doshas), Vrina
Ropana(Heals the wounds and ulcers).
UTPALAKumuda (Nymphaea nouchali Burm.f) [24] Kumuda is Swadu (Sweet), Tikta (Bitter) in taste,
Sheetala(Cold in potency), Swadu Paka(Sweet in
post digestive effect). Subsides Kapha and Pitta
diseases, Rakta Dosha (Blood diseases), Daha
(Burning sensation), and Shrama (Exertion).
Neelotpala (Nymphaea stellata Willd) [25-27] Neelotpala Pushpa is Swadu(Sweet), Tikta(Bitter)
in taste, Madhura Viapaka(Sweet in post digestive
effect), Surabhi(Aromatic), Sheeta(Cold in
potency), Vishada(Non-slimy), Hridya(Cardio
tonic),
alleviates
Raktapitta(Haemorrhage),
Daha(Burning sensation).
ERANDA PUSHPA (Ricinus communis Linn) [28]
- The Eranda Pushpa is Ushna (Hot in potency),
Vatagna(Subsides
Vata),
Katu
(Pungent),
Tikta(Bitter in taste). Alleviates Vata and Kapha
Doshas, Mutragada (Urinary diseases). Aggravates
Rakta and Pitta Dosha.
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KADAMBA PUSHPA (Anthocephalus indicus
Miq) [29]- Bhav prak nigh pushpa varga shloka no36, p.no-324] -------- The Kadamba Pushpa is
Swadu(Sweet),
Kashaya(Astringent),
Lavana(Salty)
in
taste,
Guru(Heavy),
Sara(Laxative),
Ruksha(Dry),
Visthambhakrit(Produces
flatulence),
KaphaVatakara(Aggravates Kapha and Vata Dosha),
Stanyaprada(Galactogogue).
KADALI PUSHPA (Musa paradisiacal Linn)
[30]- The Kadali Pushpa is Swadu(Sweet),
Tikta(Bitter),
Kashaya(Heavy), Guru(Heavy),
Sheeta(Cold
in
potency),
KaphaPittahara(Subsides Kapha and Pitta Doshas).
Alleviates Rakatapitta (Haemorrhage), Kshaya
(Emaciation).
KAPITTHA PUSHPA (Feronia limonia (Linn)
Swingle) [31] - The Kapittha Pushpa is Kashaya
(Astringent), Tikta (Bitter), Sheeta (Cold in
potency), Visha Nashana (Subsides poisonous
effects). It is significantly used in Rat Poison.
KAMALA PUSHPA (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn)
[32, 33] - The Kamala Pushpa is Madhura (Sweet),
Tikta (Bitter), Kashaya (Astringent) in taste, Sheeta
(Cold in potency).
Alleviates Raktapitta
(Haemorrhage), Daha (Burning sensation),
Thrishna (Thirst). The flower stalk of Kamala is
Madhura (Sweet) in taste, Sheeta (Col in potency),
Ruksha (Dry), Durjara (Difficult to digest). It
alleviates Pitta Dosha, Daha (Burning sensation,
Asr (Blood diseases), Stanyaprada (Promotes
lactation). It increases Vata and Kapha Doshas.
The Stamens and pollens of Kamala are Kashaya
(Astringent), Swadu (Sweet in taste), Ruksha(Dry),
Sheeta(Cold in potency). It subsides Kapha, Pitta
Doshas,
Thrishna(Thirst),
Daha(Burning
sensation),
Raktapitta(Haemorrhage),
Raktarsha(Bleeding
piles),
Visha(Poisonous
effects), Shotha(Edema).
KARIRA PUSHPA (Capparis deciduas Edgew)[34]
-The Karira Pushpa is Kashaya(Astringent),
Bhedi(Purgative). It aggravates Vata and subside
Kapha and Pitta Dosha.
KANCHANARA-KOVIDARA
PUSHPAKANCHANARA PUSHPA (Bauhinia variegate
Linn), -KOVIDARA PUSHPA (Bauhinia purpurea
Linn)[35],[36] - The Kanchanara and Kovidara
Pushpa is Kashaya(Astringent), Swadu(Sweet) in
taste, Madhura Vipaka(Sweet in post digestive
effect), Guru(Heavy), Sheeta(Cold in potency),
Rochani(Tasty), Ruksha(Dry). It alleviates Shwasa
(Dyspnoea), Kasa (Cough), Kshaya (Emaciation),
Raktapitta
(Haemorrhage),
Pradara
(Dysmenorrhoea).
KASAMARDA PUSHPA (Cassia occidentalis
Linn) [37] - The Kasamarda Pushpa alleviates
Shwasa (Dyspnoea), Kasa (Cough), Urdhwa Anila
(Upward movement of the Vayu).
KUMKUMA PUSHPA (Crocus sativus Linn) [38]
- The Kumkuma is Katu(Pungent), Tikta(Bitter) in
taste, Ushna(Hot in potency), Shleshma
Samirajit(Subsides
Kapha
and
Vata),
Vrina(Wound), Drishthi(Eye diseases), Shiro
Roga(Diseases of head), Visha(Poison effect),
Kayakanti Krit(Improves complexion and lustre of
the body).
KUTAJA PUSHPA (Holarrhena antidysenterica
(Linn) Wall) [39, 40] - The Kutaja Pushpa is
Laghu (Light), Kashaya (Astringent), Tikta (Bitter)
in taste, Sheeta (Cold in potency), Sangrahi
(Absorbent). It subsides Pitta, Asr (Blood), Kapha
Doshas. It cures Kustha (Skin diseases), Hridroga
(Heart diseases), Atisara (Diarrhea), Jwara (Fever),
Udavarta (Upward movement of the Vata), Udara
(Abdominal diseases).
KUNDAM PUSHPA (Jasminum multiflorum
Andr) [41] - The Kunda Pushpa is Laghu (Light),
Sheeta (Cold in potency). It subsides Kapha and
Pitta Doshas, Shiroroga (Diseases of head), Visha
(Poison effects).
KUBJAKAM PUSHPA (Rosa moschata Herrm)
[42] - The Kubjaka Pushpa is Surabhi (Aromatic),
Swadu (Sweet), Kashaya (Astringent) in taste,
Laghu (Light), Sheeta (Cold in potency). Subsides
Kapha and Pitta Doshas, Varnya (Improves
complexion), Dahaprashaana (Alleviates burning
sensation).
KUMARI PUSHPA (Aloe vera Tourn ex Linn)
[43] - The Kumari Pushpa subsides Vata and Pitta
Doshas, Krimi (Worms).
KURANTAKA PUSHPA (Barleria prionitis Linn)
[44] -The Kurantaka Pushpa subsides Kapha and
Pittaja diseases.
KETAKI PUSHPA (Pandanus odoratissimus
Roxb) [45] -The Ketaki Pushpa is Katu (Pungent),
Tikta (Bitter) in taste, Ushna (Hot in potency). It
subsides Vata-Kapha, Visha (Poison effect),
Kantijanan (Improves complexion), Daha and
Durgandha Nashana (Alleviates burning sensation
and foul smell).
GAMBHARI PUSHPA (Gmelina arborea Linn)
[46] - The Gambhari Pushpa is Madhura (Sweet),
Tikta (Bitter), Kashaya (Astringent) in taste, Sheeta
(Cold
in
potency),
Sangrahi(Absorbent),
Vatala(Aggravates Vata Dosha). It subsides
Raktapitta (Haemorrhage).
CHAMPAKA PUSHPA (Michelia champaka
Linn) [47, 48] - The Champaka Pushpa is
Laghu(Light), Grahi(Absorbent), Tikta(Bitter),
Kashaya(Astringent), Madhura(Sweet) in taste,
Hima(Cold in potency). Subsides Kapha and Pitta
Doshas, Visha (Poison effects), Kustha (Skin
diseases), Vrina (Heals the wound).
JATI PUSHPA (Jasminum officinale Linn) [49] The Jati Pushpa is Tikta (Bitter), Ushna (Hot in
potency), Kashaya(Astringent), Laghu(Light). It
subsides Vata, Shiro Rogas(Diseases of head),
Mukha(Mouth), Danta(Teeth), Visha(Poison),
Kustha(Skin diseases), Vrina(Wounds), Asr(Blood
diseases).
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JEEVANTI PUSHPA (Leptadenia reticulate W &
A) [50] - The Jeevanti Pushpa is Kashaya
(Astringent), Madhura (Sweet) in taste, Laghu
(Light),
Pathya(Cleanses
the
channels),
Ruchikara(Appetizer), Vrushya(Aphrodisiac), and
subsides Kapha and Pitta Doshas.
TILAKA PUSHPA (Wendlandia exerta DC) [51] The Tilaka Pushpa is Katu (Pungent), Ushna (Hot
in potency), alleviates Kapha and Vata Doshas,
Netra Roga(Eye diseases), Krimi(Worms).
TULASI PUSHPA (Ocimum sanctum Linn) [52] The Tulasi Pushpa is Katuka (Pungent), Tikta
(Bitter), Ushna (Hot in potency), Dipana
(Appetizer), Hridya (Cardio tonic), Pittakara
(Aggravates Pitta Dosha). It alleviates Daha
(Burning sensation), Kustha (Skin diseases),
Krachra (Dysuria), Asr (Blood diseases),
Parshwaruk (Pain in flanks), Kapha and Vata.
DADIMA PUSHPA (Punica granatum Linn) [53]
- The Dadima Pushpa is Grahi (Absorbent),
Hima(Cold in potency), Bala Atisarajit(Cures
diarrhoea in children), The juice of this flower
instilled in case of cures nasal bleeding.
DHATAKI PUSHPA (Woodfordia fruticosa Kurz)
[54,55]
The
Dhataki
Pushpa
is
Kashaya(Astringent), Sheeta(Cold in potency),
Madakrit(Causes drowsiness), Laghu(Light). Cures
Trishna (Thirst), Krimi (Worms), Visha (Poison
effects),
Raktapitta
(Haemorrhage),
Atisara(Diarrhoea).
NAGA PUSHPA (Mesua ferrea Linn) [56]- The
Naga Pushpa is Kashaya(Astringent), Tikta(Bitter),
Alpa Ushna(Slightly hot in potency), Laghu(Light).
Alleviates Kapha-Pitta Doshas, Visha (Poison
effects), Rakta Rodhaka (Acts as haemostatic).
NARIKELA PUSHPA (Cocos nucifera Linn) [57]
-It alleviates Raktatisara (Diarrhoea with blood),
Raktapitta (Haemorrhage), Prameha (Urinary
diseases including diabetes).
NIMBA PUSHPA (Azadirachta indica A. Juss)
[58] -The Nimba Pushpa is Sheeta (Cold in
potency), Sangrahi (Absorbent). It is Chakshushya
(Good for eyes), Vatala (Aggravates Vata Dosha),
Katu Paka (Pungent in post digestive effect), Visha
(Poison effects), Sarva Arochaka Nashaka (Cures
all types of anorexia).
NIRGUNDI PUSHPA (Vitex negundo Linn) [59] The Nirgundi Pushpa is Tikta (Bitter), Ushna (Hot
in potency), Katu (Pungent). It alleviates Krimi
(Worms), Pleeha (Enlargement of spleen), Aruchi
(Anorexia), Kustha(Skin diseases), Kandu(Itching),
Shopha(Edema).
NEPALIKA PUSHPA (Jasminum species) [60] The Nepalika Pushpa is Tikta(Bitter) in taste,
Ushna(Hot in potency), subsides Vata Pitta
Doshas, Ruja(Pain), Netra Rogas(Eyes diseases).
PANASA PUSHPA (Artocarpus heterophyllus
Lam)[61] - The Panasa Pushpa is Tikta(Bitter),
Guru(Heavy),
Vaktra Vishodhanam(Cleanses
mouth).
PALASHA PUSHPA (Butea monosperma (Lam)
Kuntze)[62] - The Palasha Pushpa is
Kashaya(Astringent),
Tikta(Bitter),
Madhura(Sweet) in taste, Sheeta (Cold in potency),
Grahi(Absorbent),
alleviates
Kustha(Skin
diseases),
Daha(Burning
sensation),
Thrishna(Thirst).
PATALA PUSHPA (Stereospermum suaveolens
DC)[63]
-The
Patala
Pushpa
is
Kashaya(Astringent), Swadu(Sweet) in taste,
Hima(Cold in potency), Hridya(Cardio tonic). It
subsides
Kapha,
Rakta
diseases,
Atisara(Diarrhoea), Daha(Burning sensation).
These flowers are used for flavouring the water.
PARIBHADRA PUSHPA (Erythrina indica
Linn)[64]
-The
Paribhadra
Pushpa
is
Kashaya(Astringent) in taste. It alleviates Pitta and
Karna Rogas(Ear diseases).
PRIYANGU PUSHPA (Callicarpa macrophylla
Vahl)[65] - The Priyangu Pushpa is Tikta(Bitter),
Sheeta(Cold in potency). It alleviates aggravated
Rakta (Blood), Moha (Confusion), Daha (Burning
sensation), Jwara (Fever), Vamana (Vomitting). It
is one of the Shonita Sthapana (Haemostatic).
BAKULA PUSHPA (Mimusops elengi Linn)[66,
67] -The Bakula Pushpa is Kashaya(Astringent),
Swadu(Sweet), Surabhi(Aromtic), Sheeta(Cold in
potency), Grahi(Absorbent), Ruchya(Palatable). It
subsides Kapha, Pitta, Rakta diseases, Visha
(Poison), and Krimi (Worms).
BADARA PUSHPA (Zizyphus jujuba Lam)[68] The Badara Pushpa is Kustagna(Subsides Skin
diseases), Kapha-Pittahara(Pacifies Kapha and
Pitta Doshas).
BANDHUKA PUSHPA (Pentapetes phoenicea
Linn)[69] - The Bandhuka Pushpa is Laghu(Light),
Snigdha(Demulcent), Kaphapaha(Increases Kapha
and
subsides
Vata-Pitta
Doshas),
Grahi(Absorbent), Jwaragna(Cures fever), Bhuta
Nashana(Alleviates external evil spirits).
BIMBI PUSHPA (Coccinia indica W. & A.)[70] The Bimbi Pushpa is Red in colour, Tikta(Bitter) in
taste, cures Prameha(Urinary diseases including
diabetes), Pitta Dosha, Kamala(Jaundice).
BILVA PUSHPA (Aegle marmelos Corr)[71] - The
Bilva Pushpa is Kashaya(Astringent), Tikta(Bitter)
in taste, Sangrahi(Absorbent), Dipana(Appetizer).
It subsides three Doshas(Vata-Pitta-Kapha),
Atisara(Diarrhea),
Trhisha(Thirst),
Vami(Vomitting).
MADHUKA
PUSHPA
(Madhuka
indica
J.F.Gmel)[72]- The Madhuka Pushpa is
Madhura(Sweet) in taste, Sheeta(Cold in potency),
Balya(Tonic), Shukrakara(Increases semen), VataPitta Nashana(Subsides Vata and Pitta Doshas).
MALLIKA PUSHPA (Jasminum sambac Ait)[73]
- The Mallika Pushpa is Laghu(Light),
Vrushya(Aphrodisiac),
Tikta(Bitter),
Katu(Pungent) in taste, Kapha-Vatahara(Subsides
Kapha and Vata Dosha),
cures Mukha
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Roga(Diseases of mouth), Netra(Eye), Kushta(Skin
diseases),
Aruchi(Anorexia),
Visha(Poison),
Vrina(Wounds).
MATULUNGA
PUSHPA
(Citrus
medica
Linn)[74] - The Matulunga Puspa is
Rochana(Tasty), Grahi(Absorbent), Sheetala(Cold
in potency), Laghu(Light). It subsides Vata and
Raktapitta(Haemorrhage).
MUCHAKUNDA
PUSHPA
(Pterospermum
acerifolium Willd)[75] -The Muchakunda Pushpa
is yellow in colour. It cures Shirashoola
(Headache), Pittasr(Haemorrhage), Visha(Poison
effect).
MUSHKAKA PUSHPA (Schrebera swietenioides
Roxb) [76, 77]- The Mushkaka Pushpa is Kapha
and Pitta Shamaka(Pacifies Kapha and Pitta
Doshas), Kustha(Skin diseases).
MOOLAKA
PUSHPA
(Raphanus
sativus
Linn)[78] - The Moolaka Pushpa is Kapha-Pitta
Nashaka (Subsides Kapha and Pittaja diseases).
YUTHIKA PUSHPA (Jasminum auriculatum
Vahl)[79, 80] - The Yuthika Pushpa is
Tikta(Bitter),
Madhura(Sweet),
Kashaya(Astringent) in taste, Katu Vipaka(Pungent
in post digestive effect), Sheeta(Cold in potency),
Hridya(Good for heart), Pittagna(Subsides Pitta
Dosha), Kapha-Vatala(Aggravates Kapha and
Vata Doshas). It cures Vrina (Wound), Mukha
(Mouth), Danta(Teeth), Akshi(Eye), Shira(Head)
diseases, Visha(Poison effect), Thrishna(Thirst),
Kustha(Skin diseases).
LAVANGA PUSHPA (Syzygium aromaticum
(Linn) Merr and Per)[81] - The Lavanga Pushpa is
Hridya(Cardio tonic), Sheetala(Cold in potency),
pacifies Pitta Dosha, Chakshushya(Good for eye
diseases), Vishahrit(Subsides Poison effects),
Vrishya(Aphrodisisac), Mangalya(It is auspicious),
Moordharogahrit(Cures diseases of head).
LODHRA PUSHPA (Symplocos racemosa
Roxb)[82]
-The
Lodhra
Pushpa
is
Kashaya(Astringent),
Madhura(Sweet),
Tikta(Bitter) in taste, Hima(Cold in potency), Katu
Vipaka(Pungent at post digestive effect),
Sangrahi(Absorbent), Kapha-Pittahara(Subsides
Kapha and Pitta Doshas).
VARUNA PUSHPA (Crataeva nurvala BuchHam)[83]The
Varuna
Pushpa
is
Kashaya(Astringent), Tikta(Bitter), Laghu(Light),
Grahi(Absorbent). It alleviates Kapha-Pitta-Rakta
Doshas and helps to digest the Ama(Immature or
uncooked or immature food).
VASA PUSHPA (Adhatoda vasica Nees)[84],[85]
- The Vasa Pushpa is Tikta(Bitter), Katu
Vipaka(Pungent at post digestive effect). It
subsides Kapha and Pitta Doshas, and cures
Kasa(Cough),
Shwasa(Dyspnoea),
Kshaya(Tuberculosis).
SHANA PUSHPA (Crotalaria juncea Linn)[86] The Shana Pushpa is Sheeta Virya(Cold in
potency), Ruchya(Tasty), Swadu(Sweet) in taste,
Sara(Laxative). It alleviates Pitta, Rakta Doshas,
and Raktapitta(Haemorrhage).
SHATAPATRI PUSHPA
(Rosa centifolia
Linn)[87],[88] - The Shatapatri Pushpa is
Hima(Cold
in
potency),
Tikta(Bitter),
Madhura(Sweet)
in
taste,
Sara(Laxative),
Hridya(Cardio tonic). It alleviates Kustha(Skin
diseases), Daha(Burning sensation), Pitta, Rakta
Dosha, Varnya(Improves complexion).
SHALLAKI
PUSHPA
(Boswellia
serrata
Roxb)[89] - The Shallaki Pushpa is a gum-resin
(Kunduru), It alleviates Kapha-Vata Doshas, Rakta
Dosha(Blood diseases), Kustha(Skin diseases),
Aruchi(Anorexia).
SHAKA PUSHPA (Tectona grandis Linn. f)[90,
91]- The Shaka Pushpa is Kashaya(Astringent),
Tikta(Bitter),
Ruksha(Dry),
subsides
Prameha(Uriniary diseases including diabetes ),
Kapha and Pitta Doshas and aggravate Vata
Dosha.
SHALMALI PUSHPA (Salmalia malabarica
Schott. & Endl)[92] - The Shalmali Pushpa is
Tikta(Bitter), Kashaya(Astringent), Swadu(Sweet
at the post digestive effect), Grahi(Absorbent),
Hima(Cold
in
potency),
Kapha-PittaAsrjit(Subsides Kapha- Pitta and Rakta Doshas).
The Vegetables of Shalmali flowers prepared in
ghee and Saindhava Lavana (Rock salt) and given
in Pradara Roga (Leucorrhoea).
SHIGRU PUSHPA (Moringa oleifera Lam)[93,
94] - The Shighru Pushpa is Teekshna(Penetrating),
Ushna(Hot in potency), Katu(Pungent) in taste,
subsides Kapha and Vata Doshas. It alleviates
Snayu Shotha (Neuritis), Krimi (Worms), Shotha
(Edema), Pleeha(Spleenomegaly), Gulma(Visceral
organ diseases).
MADHU SHIGRU (Moringa concanensis Nimmo)
[95]- The Madhu Shigru subsides Kapha and Pitta
Doshas,
Chakshushya(Good
for
eyes),
Raktapittahara(Haemorrhage).
CONCLUSION
By the above discussion the flowers are the
integral
part
of
Dravyaguna
Vijnana(Indian
Pharmacology) and highlighted the medicinal values
which helps in the alleviating the diseases and
maintains the health of the person. The clinical
application is well explained in the Ayurvedic classical
texts. This could be the new research area one should
concentrate on the potent medicinal flowers. Further
scope of study is to cultivate such medicinal flowers
and evaluate their pharmacological actions by
experimentally as well as clinical trials.
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