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2014, The Indian journal of medical research
Neurolathyrism is a non progressive motor neuron disorder engendered by the prolonged over-consumption of Lathyrus sativus (grass pea) seeds which contain a neurotoxic amino acid, β-N oxalyl- L-α, β-diaminopropionic acid (β-ODAP). It is characterized by spastic paraparesis in the hind limbs. The present study was conducted in 105 households (HHs) of Gondia district in Maharashtra, India, where grass pea is cultivated and consumed to assess the health implication of its consumption. Across-sectional survey was carried out in 105 HHS in five villages and grass pea samples were collected for β-ODAP estimation. Amino acid analysis was also done, neurolathyrism cases were identified by snowball sampling method and neurological examination was carried out. The study revealed that 61 per cent of population was consuming this pulse as a part of diet. β-ODAP concentration in grass pea was high in Bora village (1254.5 ± 528.21 mg %) and less in Malgaon village (413.6±415.79 mg %). The nutriti...
Food Chemistry
Homoarginine, β-ODAP, and asparagine contents of grass pea landraces cultivated in TurkeyThe seeds of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.), a drought tolerant crop, were analysed for quantitative determination of the free amino acids β-N-oxalyl-l-α,β-diaminopropionic acid (β-ODAP), homoarginine and asparagine by a simple and fast capillary electrophoretic method. In boric acid (80mM, pH 8.0) running buffer system, not only were α and β-ODAP successfully separated, but also an efficient sample stacking was achieved during hydrodynamic sample introduction. The validated method was used for quantification of β-ODAP, homoarginine and asparagine in seed extracts of 52 Lathyrus local landraces from various regions of Turkey and one released cultivar. The concentration ranges of amino acids were found as 0.21-1.27% (w/w) for homoarginine, 0.10-0.87% (w/w) for β-ODAP and 0.006-0.47% (w/w) for asparagine. A positive correlation between homoarginine and β-ODAP quantities in seeds of 53 Lathyrus local landraces was shown to exist (r(2)=0.649).
Neurolathyrism is past history in India since Lathyrus sativus (khesari dal) is no longer used as a staple. A consensus has evolved that khesari dal is harmless as part of a normal diet. L-ODAP (β-N-oxalyl-l-α-diamino propionic acid) the neurotoxic amino acid, from this pulse, is detoxified in humans but not in animals but still no laboratory animal is susceptible to it under acceptable feeding regimens. L-ODAP is an activator of protein kinase C and consequential crucial downstream effects such as stabilization of hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) could be extremely conducive to humans under a variety of situations. ODAP is gradually finding a place in several patents for this reason. Homoarginine the second amino acid from L. sativus can be a better substrate for endogenous generation of nitric oxide, a crucial signaling molecule associated with the cardiovasculature and control of hypertension. These features could make L. sativus a prized commodity as a functional food for the general cardiovasculature and overcome hypoxic events and is set to change the entire perception of this pulse and neurolathyrism. Neurolathyrism The disease neurolathyrism is now history and may never be a challenge in the future in view of the vast public awareness and governmental and infrastructural capabilities. The present review highlights the recent thoughts on this disease and how a certain dignity can be restored to Lathyrus sativus (Khesari dal also known as grass pea) which indeed has been a saviour for vast populations under severe drought and famine situations in several countries around the world. A causal relationship between the excessive consumption of L. sativus and neurolathyrism, an upper motor neuron disorder characterized by a spastic paraparesis of the lower limbs is well known since several decades 1. Neurolathyrism has always surfaced only during extreme situations such as famine and drought when other food crops are in short supply resulting in an exclusive consumption of the pulse almost as a staple for prolonged periods lasting as long as 3-6 months. The disease affects only a very small percentage of the population 2 and in its absence large
2008 •
Food and Chemical Toxicology
The nutritive value of grasspea (Lathyrus sativus) and allied species, their toxicity to animals and the role of malnutrition in neurolathyrism2010 •
Food and Chemical Toxicology
Effect of methionine supplement on physical responses and neurological symptoms in broiler chicks fed grass pea (Lathyrus sativus)-based starter ration2010 •
2020 •
Abstract Grass pea is a promising crop for adaptation under climate change because of its tolerance to drought, water-logging and salinity, and being almost free from insect-pests and diseases. In spite of such virtues, global area under its cultivation has decreased because of ban on its cultivation in many countries. The ban is imposed due to its association with neurolathyrism, a non-reversible neurological disorder in humans and animals due to presence of neurotoxin, β-Noxalyl- L-α,β-diaminopropionic acid (β-ODAP) in its seedlings and seeds. The traditional varieties of grass pea contain 0.5-2.5% β-ODAP. Exploitable genetic variability for β-ODAP has been observed for development of low ODAP varieties, which along with improved agronomic and detoxification practices can help reduce the risk of lathyrism. The objective of this study was to develop means to identify grass pea genotypes with reduced or zero seed β-L-ODAP content and to investigate the biosynthetic pathway of this compound in grass pea. To this end, collections of grass pea germplasm screened for variation in seed β-L-ODAP levels. To increase the available variation for this trait, an EMS-mutagenised population was screened for low/zero- ODAP mutants. Collaborative efforts between ICARDA and NARS have resulted in development of improved varieties such as Wasie in Ethiopia, Ratan, Prateek and Mahateora in India, and BARI Khesari-1 and BARI Khesari-2 in Bangladesh with <0.10% β-ODAP. Soil application of 15-20 kg ha (-1) zinc sulphure, early planting, and soaking seeds in water have shown significant effects on β-ODAP. Because of the often cross-pollination nature, the current breeding procedures being followed in grass pea requires paradigm shift in its approach for a possible genetic breakthrough. Key words;- Grass pea, Breeding , Β-ODAP, Low Toxicity, neurolathyrism, neurotoxicin
Journal of applied …
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Archives of Polish Fisheries
Effect of Different Processing Techniques on the Nutritive Value of Grass Pea, Lathyrus Sativus L., Seed Meal in Compound Diets for Indian Major Carp Rohu, Labeo Rohita (Hamilton), Fingerlings2000 •
Electroanalysis
Development of an Amperometric Biosensor for β‐N‐Oxalyl‐L‐α, β‐Diaminopropionic Acid (β‐ODAP)2004 •
Analytica Chimica Acta
Prussian blue-glutamate oxidase modified glassy carbon electrode: A sensitive l-glutamate and β-N-oxalyl-α,β-diaminopropionic acid (β-ODAP) sensor2006 •
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Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution
Morphological characteristics of some accessions of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) grown in Europe and nutritional traits of their seeds2010 •
1997 •
Folia Biologica
Comparison of Effects of Endogenous and Exogenous Excitatory Amino Acids on Retzius Nerve Cells of the Leech2008 •
Genetic Resources and …
Characterization of Italian and exotic Lathyrus germplasm for quality traits2003 •