Among various dosage forms parenteral dosage form stands in first
place to exert its action in individuals and next to this in current day‟s
aerosol and nasal dosage forms competent to parenteral route. Drug
release may follow mixed mechanism of release; it may involve both
diffusion and dissolution controlled processes. The drug release is
function of excipients, in which the drug is embedded or covalently
bound. type of excipients, their concentration, method of
manufacturing, physico-chemical properties of drugs and excipients,
design of dosage form (geometry), routes of administration,
pharmacokinetic and physico-dynamic parameters of drug.
Morphological characteristics such as porosity, tortuosity, surface area,
and shape of the system. Hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of the system, chemical interaction
between drug and polymer, polymer characteristics such as glass transition temperature and
molecular weight .It is not always correct to show the same type of release in all dosage
forms with same excipients and is going to vary and depend upon release the all above
parameters to subject optimization.
This paper examines the ontological and epistemological assumptions about leisure to critically assess the state of leisure scholarship. It argues that there are no intrinsic characteristics or essences inherent to leisure, and that researchers ought to make an important distinction between leisure as socially constructed social facts, and the erroneous view of leisure as an ontologically objective and universal entity. It is purported that from an epistemological standpoint the crisis of leisure sciences has never been resolved; however, the absence of a stable theory is an opportunity for new forms of research and knowledge to emerge. The article introduces postleisure as a departure from leisure-objectivism and a shift towards plural readings of leisure, which may find sufficient backbone in Rorty's notion of epistemological solidarity.
In the fashion field, the use of electroplated small metal parts such as studs, clips and buckles is widespread. The plate is often made of precious metal, such as gold or platinum. Due to the high cost of these materials, it is strategically relevant and of primary importance for manufacturers to avoid any waste by depositing only the strictly necessary amount of material. To this aim, companies need to be aware of the overall number of items to be electroplated so that it is possible to properly set the parameters driving the galvanic process. Accordingly, the present paper describes a simple, yet effective machine vision-based method able to automatically count small metal parts arranged on a galvanic frame. The devised method, which relies on the definition of a rear projection-based acquisition system and on the development of image processing-based routines, is able to properly count the number of items on the galvanic frame. The system is implemented on a counting machine, wh...
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between abstract thought ability and the ability to solve complex mathematical problems. The method of this study was descriptive based on correlation type. Statistical population was male and female high school students in Zabol city, Iran. Based on Morgan table, 120 individuals were selected randomly from Nemooneh high school students of the city in each section. Data collection tools included two teaching questionnaires based on the APOS hypothesis by 7 questions and complex mathematical problems were consists of 3 questions. Data was analyzed using Pearson correlation. Results showed that there was a significant relationship between teaching based on the APOS hypothesis and solving complex mathematical problems.
This paper presents the computational investigation of compact heat exchangers that are primarily used in dissipating heat generated by electrical and/or electronic components and assemblies. In order to assess the effect of pin cross-section on the pressure drop and heat transfer capabilities, six different types of pin cross sections, namely, elliptical, straight circular, 2o tapered circular, 4o tapered circular, drop and hexagonal, were computationally investigated. The heat exchanger channel is characterized by the presence of the fins mounted vertically on a horizontal base plate in a staggered arrangement along the flow direction. Aluminum was considered to be the material of pin fins. The fluid flow inside the heat exchanger channels is assumed to be three-dimensional, incompressible and steady. Pressure, temperature and velocity profiles at different locations within the computational domain are considered for different Reynolds number. The thermal and fluid dynamic charact...