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2016 •
International Journal of Language & Linguistics
A Lexical-conceptual Approach to Code Switching2018 •
Memory & Cognition
Cross-language facilitation, semantic blindness, and the relation between language and memory: A reply to Altarriba and Soltano1996 •
The main goal of this paper was to disentangle encoding and retrieval interference effects in anaphor processing and thus to evaluate the hypothesis predicting that structurally inaccessible nouns (distractors) are not considered to be potential anaphor antecedents during language processing (Nicol and Swinney, 1989). Three self-paced reading experiments were conducted: one in German, comparing gender-unmarked reflexives and gender-marked pronouns, and two in Russian, comparing gender-marked and-unmarked reflexives. In the German experiment, no interference effects were found. In the first experiment in Russian, an unexpected reading times pattern emerged: in the condition where the distractor matched the gender of the reflexive's antecedent, reading of the gender-unmarked, but not the gender-marked reflexives was slowed down. The same reading times pattern was replicated in a second experiment in Russian where the order of the reflexive and the main verb was inverted. We conclude that the results of the two experiments in Russian are inconsistent with the retrieval interference account, but can be explained by encoding interference and additional semantic processing efforts associated with the processing of gender-marked reflexives. In sum, we found no evidence that would allow us to reject the syntax as an early filer account (Nicol and Swinney, 1989).
Frontiers in Psychology
When Language Switching has No Apparent Cost: Lexical Access in Sentence Context2013 •
ISBN: 978-84-8021-689-0
The Organization of Multilingual Lexicon: Monitoring the Cross-linguistic Influence in CommunicationAbstract— This study examines the organization of multilingual lexicon and monitors the cross-linguistic influence of bilingual speakers in the process of acquiring a third language. It focuses on the code-switching and transfer in oral communication, by comparing two groups of bilingual speakers with different L2 proficiency. Subjects of the study were 115 bilingual students who were learning English as a third language. The students were asked to talk about a text in English and all categories and functions of code-switching during the conversation were analyzed and discussed as related to Hammarberg Model (2001) of code-switching in the multilingual lexicon. The data elicited through this study contains a great deal of evidence for cross-linguistic influence allowing insights into the mechanisms used by bilingual students during the L3 acquisition process. Keywords- multilingualism, mental lexicon, code-switching
BRAIN. Broad Research in Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience
Bilingual Lexical Activation in Sentence and Non-sentence Context: A Study of Cross-language Lexical Processing2012 •
Research on word recognition across languages has gained popularity in recent years, due to its overall bearing on the psycholinguistic account of language acquisition. To this end, this study was an attempt to demonstrate the differential influences of L2 proficiency, and type of context on the lexical recognition and retrieval of bilinguals. For this purpose, ten participants who were native speakers of Persian and were learning English at the two distinct levels of elementary and advanced were requested to recite two texts, one in Persian and one in English, which were specifically modified for the current research purpose. The results revealed that while advanced learners were better performers on L2 lexis retrieval, their bare word recognition in L1 lagged behind in latency from elementary learners. 1. Introduction The expanding awareness on the importance of becoming a bilingual 1 in modern world has stimulated a plethora of research on the different processes of turning into a bilingual, including studies on how bilinguals recognize words in their first or second language. A core concern, especially in the psycholinguistic account of bilingualism (and SLA as well) has been the nature with which bilinguals activate lexical representations from both of their languages when reading a language. A central issue with regard to this area (Macnamara & Kushnir, 1971) was related to the debate of whether the process of word recognition for a bilingual undergoes the initial activation of word representations from a target language only (language-selective lexical access) or whether all words known to an individual, including those from a non-target language, are considered as potential candidates for recognition (nonselective access). Many studies have endeavored to disambiguate the phenomenon, among which most have revealed that the two languages do interrelate and interact during the process of word recognition. As an example, it has been shown that when bilinguals recognize words in one of their languages, they process identical words in another language (e.g. the words None in English as compared with Naan [meaning bread] in Persian). Assuming the dominance of non-selective lexical activation for bilinguals, what remains is to understand the nature of the lexical items that become activated (e.g., orthographic, phonological, and/or semantic) and the way context and linguistic task can probably influence the process of activation. For example, in the monolingual domain, much research has been devoted to determine the extent to which phonological codes within a language are automatically activated during visual word identification. These studies gave proof that phonological codes become activated and affect the visual identification of words (Glushko, 1979; Perfetti & Bell, 1991; Van Orden, 1987). Further it has been specified that visual word identification is influenced by the consistency of mappings between orthographic and phonological codes. When an orthographic code (e.g., lead) maps on to multiple phonological codes (e.g., [lid] and [lod]), feed-forward activation from those competing
Journal of Pan-Pacific Association of Applied Linguistics
An Interlanguage Study of L2 Mental Lexicon2019 •
Journal of Babol University of Medical Sciences
Essential oils as a natural additive in the edible films and coatings (active packaging system): A Review2018 •
2002 •
International Journal of Educational Spectrum
Stufflebeam’in CIPP Modeline Göre İlkokul Matematik Dersi Öğretim Programını Değerlendirme ÖlçeğiJournal of Computational Physics
A New Formulation of the Mixed Finite Element Method for Solving Elliptic and Parabolic PDE with Triangular Elements1999 •
2008 15th Working Conference on Reverse Engineering
Reconsidering Classes in Procedural Object-Oriented Code2008 •
Universitas Psychologica
Evolución del vínculo que establece el niño con el personal educativo en salas cuna chilenas2013 •
Archives of Medical Sciences
Concomitant laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a morbidly obese patient with situs inversus totalis2021 •
2015 •
bibliothek.wzb.eu
Forschungsprogramm Der Abteilung Kulturelle Quellen Von Neuheit 2010 •