Excavations at Uşaklı Höyük: recent results

The Archaeology of Anatolia, Volume IV The Archaeology of Anatolia, Volume IV: Recent Discoveries (2018–2020) Edited by Sharon R. Steadman and Gregory McMahon The Archaeology of Anatolia, Volume IV: Recent Discoveries (2018–2020) Edited by Sharon R. Steadman and Gregory McMahon This book first published 2021 Cambridge Scholars Publishing Lady Stephenson Library, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE6 2PA, UK British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Copyright © 2021 by Sharon R. Steadman, Gregory McMahon and contributors All rights for this book reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. ISBN (10): 1-5275-7601-9 ISBN (13): 978-1-5275-7601-8 TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Figures ...................................................................................................................................................... viii List of Tables ........................................................................................................................................................ xiv Chapter One............................................................................................................................................................. 1 Introduction to the Archaeology of Anatolia: Volume IV Sharon R. Steadman and Gregory McMahon Part I: Excavations Chapter Two ............................................................................................................................................................ 4 Ambar Dam Salvage Excavations 2018–2020: Ambar Höyük, Gre Fılla, and Kendale Hecala A. Tuba Ökse Chapter Three ........................................................................................................................................................ 21 Gökçeada Uğurlu: A Preliminary Report on the 2018–2020 Field Seasons Burçin Erdoğu, Çiğdem Atakuman, and Nejat Yücel Chapter Four .......................................................................................................................................................... 33 The Inner Western Anatolian Prehistoric Period Porsuk Culture: The Kanlıtaş Höyük Project 2018 Final Excavation Report Ali Umut Türkcan and Duygu Ertemin Chapter Five .......................................................................................................................................................... 45 Kulaksızlar Revisited: Excavating the Contexts of a Chalcolithic Marble Workshop Turan Takaoğlu Chapter Six ............................................................................................................................................................ 56 Excavations at Uşaklı Höyük: Recent Results Anacleto D’Agostino, Stefania Mazzoni, and Valentina Orsi Chapter Seven ....................................................................................................................................................... 75 A Fresh Perspective on the Middle Bronze Age at Tell Atchana, Alalakh: The 2007–2019 Seasons Murat Akar, K. Aslıhan Yener, Müge Bulu, and Tara Ingman Chapter Eight......................................................................................................................................................... 96 2015–2020 Excavations at Elbistan Karahöyük and Hamzatepe: A Hittite Settlement and its Cemetery in the Elbistan Plain Bora Uysal and Ali Çifçi Chapter Nine ....................................................................................................................................................... 108 Sirkeli Höyük: Insights into the Archaeology of Bronze and Iron Age Cilicia Mirko Novák, Deniz Yaşin, Mirco Brunner, Sinem Hacıosmanoğlu, Ekin Kozal, Sabina Kulemann-Ossen, Hannah Mönninghoff, Susanne Rutishauser, Alexander E. Sollee, and Sönke Szidat Chapter Ten ......................................................................................................................................................... 125 Iron Age Pottery from Oluz Höyük, North Central Anatolia Mona Saba Chapter Eleven .................................................................................................................................................... 132 Recent Work (2018–2019) at Porsuk-Zeyve Höyük in Southern Cappadocia Claire Barat, Emine Köker Gökçe, Jean-François Pichonneau, Vivien Mathé, and Guillaume Bruniaux vi Table of Contents Chapter Twelve ................................................................................................................................................... 146 The Kerkenes Project 2019–2020 Scott Branting, Joseph W. Lehner, Sevil Baltalı Tırpan, Dominique Langis-Barsetti, Sarah R. Graff, Tuna Kalaycı, Amanda Groff, Lucas Proctor, Jessica Robkin, Paige Paulsen, and Nilüfer Baturayoğlu Yöney Chapter Thirteen .................................................................................................................................................. 155 Sinop Kalesi Archaeological Excavations: The 2017 and 2019 Field Seasons Owen Doonan, Andrew Goldman, Alexander Bauer, Ulrike Krotscheck, Paolo Maranzana, Nicole Rose, Jane Rempel, Susan Sherratt, Emine Sökmen, and Hüseyin Vural Chapter Fourteen ................................................................................................................................................. 170 An Analysis of the Archaeological and Textual Data from the Podium Hall at Ayanis: Is this the Sanctuary of the Urartian Goddess ‘Arubaini? Mehmet Işıklı and Kenan Işık Appendix: Preliminary Results of Radiocarbon Dating on Ayanis Castle Mehmet Işıklı, Alper Şengül, and Oğuz Aras Chapter Fifteen .................................................................................................................................................... 194 The Tušpa Citadel and Mound Excavations, 2010–2019 Bülent Genç, Erkan Konyar, and Armağan Tan Chapter Sixteen ................................................................................................................................................... 210 Hierapolis of Phrygia 2018–2020: Recent Work and New Perspectives Grazia Semeraro Chapter Seventeen ............................................................................................................................................... 229 Recent Discoveries at Komana (2018–2020): The Late Iron Age/Early Hellenistic Levels D. Burcu Erciyas, Ayşe Batman, and Aslıhan Çivildağ Chapter Eighteen ................................................................................................................................................. 244 Digging in Doliche 2018–2020 Michael Blömer Chapter Nineteen ................................................................................................................................................. 256 Roman Boğazköy: New Discoveries in the Northern Lower City Dominique Krüger and Sven Kühn Chapter Twenty ................................................................................................................................................... 267 Archaeological research at Elaiussa Sebaste (Rough Cilicia) in 2019 Annalisa Polosa Part II: Surveys Chapter Twenty-One ........................................................................................................................................... 276 The 2018–2019 Archaeological Survey Results on the Location of Settlements Connecting the Mountain Section of Giresun to Central Anatolia Salih Kaymakçı Chapter Twenty-Two .......................................................................................................................................... 287 Mountains as Connected Landscapes of Alterity: Boz Mountain Range and its Piedmont Ömür Harmanşah, Peri Johnson, Shannon Martino, Müge Durusu-Tanrıöver, and Ben Marsh Chapter Twenty-Three ........................................................................................................................................ 300 New Assessments of Settlement Distribution during the Bronze and Iron Ages in Southeast Konya Çiğdem Maner Chapter Twenty-Four .......................................................................................................................................... 312 Get Going with Survey Legacy Data. The 2018 and 2019 Archaeological Survey Results from the Sagalassos Archaeological Research Project Ralf Vandam, Patrick T. Willett, Christopher Carleton, and Jeroen Poblome The Archaeology of Anatolia Volume IV: Recent Discoveries (2018–2020) Chapter Twenty-Five........................................................................................................................................... 322 The Results of the 2019 Gargara Archaeological Survey in the South Troad Nurettin Arslan and Caner Bakan Part III: The State of the Field Chapter Twenty-Six ............................................................................................................................................ 338 Archaeobotany in Anatolia John M. Marston and Lorenzo Castellano Chapter Twenty-Seven ........................................................................................................................................ 355 From Bones to Genomes: Current Research on the Population History of Prehistoric Anatolia Duygu Deniz Kazancı, N. Ezgi Altınışık, Ayça Aydoğan, Füsun Özer, Elif Sürer, Çiğdem Atakuman, Mehmet Somel, and Yılmaz Selim Erdal Chapter Twenty-Eight ......................................................................................................................................... 372 Chalcolithic Religion and Ritual on the Anatolian Plateau Burcu Yıldırım and Sharon R. Steadman Contributors to the Volume ................................................................................................................................. 396 Index .................................................................................................................................................................... 406 vii CHAPTER SIX EXCAVATIONS AT UŞAKLI HÖYÜK: RECENT RESULTS ANACLETO D’AGOSTINO, STEFANIA MAZZONI, AND VALENTINA ORSI A SITE IN THE UPLANDS OF CENTRAL ANATOLIA1 Uşaklı Höyük is located at the base of a narrow valley oriented along an east–west axis, bordered by hills, in the heart of the Anatolian plateau; this region saw the rise of the first urban settlements during the 2nd millennium BCE and rests at the center of the territory defined in the Hittite texts as the “Upper Land” (Fig. 6-1). The development of the ancient settlement owes much to the possibility of exploiting the potential water supply of two streams, the Kötü Dere and the Eğri Öz Dere, flowing a few dozen metres northwest and northeast of the site, as well as the nearby springs. Also critical was its position along a communication axis that would play a central role over the centuries. The reciprocal visibility between the site and the peak of Kerkenes Dağı, which must have always been an important reference point in movements between the plateau and Cappadocia, may have helped to define Uşaklı’s function and importance. Figure 6-1. Location of Uşaklı Höyük (prepared by Y. Özarslan using an ArcGIS Online basemap). During the most recent campaigns the archaeological team has been working to reconstruct the shape of the settlement at the time of the Hittite kingdom, and to understand the sequence of occupation and development after the changes that occurred between the Late Bronze Age and the Iron Age (Mazzoni et al. 2019). The foci of recent seasons of work (2017–2020) have been the southern portion of the lower city and the southern slope of the high 1 This section was contributed by A. D’Agostino, as were the following two sections describing Area D and Area A.