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UTAFITI Journal, 2012
Abstract Compared to other regions in the world, agricultural performance in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has for many decades been deteriorating. Theoretically, it has been argued that rapid population growth could be responsible for not only deteriorating agricultural performance but also to environmental degradation. On the other hand, the Asian Green Revolution of 1960s has been reported as a success story in terms of transforming agriculture and improving food security in the context of increasing population in countries such as China and India. This article reviews the Malthusian theoretical ideas and their relevance to agricultural transformation in the African context and sub-Saharan Africa in particular. It further discusses empirical evidence emanating from sub-Saharan Africa in relation to agricultural productivity, population growth and the integrity of the environment. Based on ensuing discussions, the agricultural sector in SSA needs to be transformed, and theoretical arguments that negate the Malthusian stance are really relevant in this sub-continent. It is further stressed that replicating the Asian Green Revolution will not work perfectly in SSA because of variations in context based on policy, institutional, and structural arrangements. Therefore, transforming agriculture in this sub-continent is not an easy and straight forward task; rather, its success will depend on the interplay between policy interventions, integrating the agricultural sector with other sectors of the economy, active participation of different stakeholders, as well as government mediations. Keywords: agriculture transformation, Green Revolution, population growth, environmental degradation
Agriculture in Africa: Telling Myths from Facts, 2017
2007
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Berkeley Undergraduate Journal, 2001
This paper explicitly counters conventional policy wisdom on agro-environmental change in Africa. I show which assumptions are unfounded, under what historical conditions such assumptions were made, and what is a more precise understanding of agro-environmental change. Academics, policymakers and the public often assume that traditionally stable shifting cultivation systems have recently broken down because increasing population has reduced the amount of land which farmers can use to set aside to allow replenishment. Such notions have risen in colonial times, in the 1970s after critiques of the Green Revolution and in the late 1980s and 1990s with populism, environmentalism and promotion of biotechnology. In contrast to this dominant metanarrative, social relations at multiple levels are key in understanding change in agricultural production and environmental conditions. The incorrect emphasis on population as the primary motor of change underlies top-down strategies, inappropriate prescriptions, and ill-fated projects promoting green revolution technologies.
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