Athlete

In this study, the main focus is on the athlete who suffers from Diabetes. We find that how over and under insulinization affects athletic performance. We also find how Diabetic athletes respond to different kind of exercise. Finally, we study the recovery process of Diabetic athletes

Considered the largest individual sponsorship program of athletes in the world, the "Athlete ́s Aid Program" of the Federal Government has consolidated its position as a public policy over the past years for the development of sport in Brazil. Due to its importance in the sports sector
and  ten  years  after  the  beginning  of  the  transfer  of  resources, through  the  Ministry  of  Sport the  debate  about  its  implementation was  broadened,  especially  about  the  requirements  and values of the Aid, being timely analysis on possible adjustments of the benefits. The present study aimed  to  analyze  the  ability  of  the  Federal  Government in  implementing  the  Athlete ́s  Aid  Program,  by  means  of  a  public policy  instrument  of  financial  assistance;  and  estimate values  more appropriate  for  the  resources.  To  the  achievement  of  the  goals,  were  used secondary  data  from  the  Ministry  of  Sport,  Federal  Court  of Accounts  and  Federal  Senate; with  subsequent  application  of questionnaire  online,  allowing  to  get  information  of  1650 athletes covered by the Program. To estimate the values for the benefits, was used the method of subjective poverty line applied analogously to determine the subjective line of the Aid. The results  show  the  need  to change  the  values  of  the  benefit,  for  the  Federal  Government  to insure minimum conditions for athletes engaged with exclusivity and tranquillity, to training and competitions. Otherwise, the sports sector hould be encouraged to provide the resources needed  by  athletes, through  other  sources,  besides  the  Athlete ́s  Aid  of  the  Federal Government.

The aim of this study was to investigate differences in stress coping styles between athletic and non-athletic students with high and low self-esteem. For this purpose, 465 students (118 females and 347 males, mean age 23.58+3.20 years) were selected by available sampling method. The questionnaire of coping styles (Dadsetan et al.1384) and self-esteem (Rosenberg, 1987) were used to evaluate the variables of coping styles and self-esteem. The collected data were analyzed through descriptive statistics and MANOVA statistical models. The findings showed a significant difference in sport condition among coping styles. Also, a significant difference existed in self-esteem levels among coping styles. There was a significant interaction between sport condition and self-esteem in these coping styles. The findings showed that non-athletes with low self-esteem, non-athletes with high self-esteem, athletes with low self-esteem and athletes with high self-esteem respectively used lowest to highest level of active coping style. There was an interaction between physical activity level and self-esteem level in inflexible coping styles. Non-athletes used this coping style almost to the same extent. Athletes with high self-esteem and athletes with low self-esteem respectively used this coping style more than other groups.

This article explores the sporting superstardom and cultural celebrity of the Victorian English cricketer Dr. W.G. Grace, who played first-class cricket from 1865-1908. The great attention capital and significant masculine social status associated with his fame were deployed by him and the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) to side line the then dominant professional cricket teams and ensure that the aristocratic amateur-led MCC controlled the game from the early 1870s. It focuses on the social and cultural organisation of fame and a close analysis of Grace's recognition to explore how Grace's three-decade (1865-1895) superstardom and celebrity allied to a resurgence in his cricket form made Grace the masculine robust hero of 1895 to Oscar Wilde's scandalous villain. It explores how that comparison played out as a public drama involving other celebrities. Wilde was reported as systematically removed from masculine social status and Grace approvingly confirmed in its secure em...

The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of different types of tasks performed with or without an electronic device (tablet) on pre-sleep alertness, subsequent sleep quality and next-day athletic performance. Eight highly trained netball players attended a sleep laboratory for pre-sleep testing, polysomnographic sleep monitoring and next-day physical performance testing on 5 separate occasions (1 familiarisation and 4 experimental sessions). For 2 h prior to bedtime, athletes completed cognitively stimulating tasks (puzzles) or passive tasks (reading) with or without a tablet. Sleepiness tended to be greater after reading compared to completing puzzles without a tablet (d = 0.80), but not with a tablet. Melatonin concentration increased more so after reading compared to completing puzzles on a tablet (P = 0.02). There were no significant differences in sleep quality or quantity or next-day athletic performance between any of the conditions. These data suggest th...