Caribbean Studies (Suriname)

The draft paper as at 24th April which is updated from the draft made for the oral presentation session (5th April 2017 does not contain any references and text errors needed corrections). The paper is still being worked on with more sections being added with some aspect areas clarified in more detail. Others are being reviewed. Due to the closure of the Parliament in the UK early for the snap elections, the text is still unfinished and will be resumed for the new Parliament session with no end date set yet. The document is best viewed by a download to Microsoft Word as web browsers tend to muddle the layout. Please note that the ice sheet mass balance changes occur mainly in nearby Iceland, Jan Mayen and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge rather than Greenland itself. (High viscous, low nucleation events pushing very cool, effusive, almost 'solid' lava incursions vertically up like the Mascarene volcanism of Mauritius are rare anomalies from a misaligned hotspot influencing further afield - and therefore far less likely.)

The philosophical novel Zuid-Zuid-West (South-Southwest, 1926) by the Dutch-Surinamese author Albert Helman (1903-1996) is famous for the sharp critique of Dutch colonial policy in its epilogue. The remaining part of this novel has traditionally received little attention. This is all the more surprising since Zuid-Zuid-West represents one of the first examples of the turn toward ‘mestizaje’ in Latin American literature. By comparing Helman’s Zuid-Zuid-West (1926) with José Vasconcelos’ prophecy of the ‘new man’ in La raza cósmica (The Cosmic Race, 1925), this article intends to highlight how these Latin American intellectuals attempted to concretize Friedrich Nietzsche’s prophecy of the ‘new man’ in the shape of the multiracial ‘mestizo’.

In Santiaguense Capeverdean Creole, there are seventeen recurrent words, belonging to several grammatical categories, which occur synchronically in two forms, a full one and a (so called) truncated one, the latter lacking the final, unstressed syllable of the former. This article is a first attempt at studying these truncated forms in Santiaguense. In section one, the truncated forms are compared and contrasted with other cases of word shortening or of optional alternation of lexical units sharing the same etymon. Section two deals with the use of the truncated forms with respect to both the grammatical category to which they belong and to the sociolinguistical profile of their users. The conclusion stresses the importance of the study of these forms for a more complete understanding of the evolutionary trends and potentialities of Santiaguense Portuguese Creole.

‘Redimoesoegedrag’ staat in Suriname voor ‘verraad tegen de eigen groep’. Het begrip gaat terug op slaven die in de 18de eeuw in ruil voor vrijheid aan de zijde van de gouvernementssoldaten vochten tegen de ‘marrons’, gevluchte slaven. Zij droegen een rode muts, vandaar redimoesoes. Dit was geen nieuw fenomeen; ‘zwarte milities’ hadden ook al in Nederlands-Brazilië en Nieuw-Nederland bestaan.
Vanwege hun complexe tussenpositie is het moeilijk om redimoesoes binnen het traditionele ‘goed-en-fout-denken’ over slavernij een plaats te geven. Als voormalige slaven waren zij tegelijk ‘slachtoffers’ en ‘daders’. Toch was hun leven in het ‘grijze’ gebied tussen slaaf en meester niet uitzonderlijk. Slechts een minderheid van de slaven maakte een radicale keuze voor gewelddadig verzet. De meesten handhaafden zich in een dienende rol, goedschiks of kwaadschiks. Daarbij was een vorm van accommodatie onvermijdelijk.
Hoe moeten we het ‘grijze’ gedrag van de redimoesoes beoordelen? De auteur maakt hiervoor gebruik van concepten die teruggaan op de discussie over ‘goed-en-fout-gedrag’ tijdens de Duitse bezetting en de Holocaust.