Cyclic

Consider the pseudorandom number generator un uen 1 (mod m); 0 un m 1 ;n =1 ; 2;::: ; where we are given the modulus m, the initial value u0 = # and the exponent e. One case of particular interest is when the modulus m is of the form pl, where p;l are dierent primes of the same magnitude.

Pioglitazone (PIO) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogs limit infarct size (IS) in experimental models. The effects of the dipeptidyl-peptidase-IV inhibitors, which increase the endogenous levels of GLP-1, on myocardial protection, are unknown. We studied whether sitagliptin (SIT) and PIO have additive effects on IS limitation in the mouse. Mice received 3-day or 14-day oral SIT (300 mg·kg−1·day−1), PIO (5 mg·kg−1·day−1), SIT + PIO, or vehicle. In addition, mice received intravenous H-89 [20 mg/kg, a protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor] or vehicle 1 h before ischemia. Rats underwent 30 min myocardial ischemia and 4 h reperfusion. SIT, PIO, and SIT + PIO for 3 days significantly reduced IS (24.3 ± 2.7, 23.0 ± 0.8, and 14.7 ± 0.9%) compared with controls (46.2 ± 2.8%). H-89 completely blocked the effect of SIT and partially blocked the PIO effect. SIT, but not PIO, increased cAMP levels. PKA activity was increased by PIO and to a greater extent by SIT. PIO, but not SIT, increased ...

Children chronically exposed to high levels of ozone (O3), the principal oxidant pollutant in photochemical smog, are more vulnerable to respiratory illness and infections. The specific factors underlying this differential susceptibility are unknown but may be related to air pollutant-induced nasal alterations during postnatal development that impair the normal physiological functions (e.g., filtration and mucociliary clearance) serving to protect the more distal airways from inhaled xenobiotics. In adult animal models, chronic ozone exposure is associated with adaptations leading to a decrease in airway injury. The purpose of our study was to determine whether cyclic ozone exposure induces persistent morphological and biochemical effects on the developing nasal airways of infant monkeys early in life. Infant (180-day-old) rhesus macaques were exposed to 5 consecutive days of O3 [0.5 parts per million (ppm), 8 h/day; “1-cycle”] or filtered air (FA) or 11 biweekly cycles of O3 (FA da...

This paper proposes a method for determining endurance limits to leakage for fiberglass pipes under internal pressure using acoustic emission signals and static pressure tests. Results are presented from a series of cyclic internal pressure tests performed on fiberglass pipes fabricated according to ASME RTP-1 (1989) recommendations. The specimens were 8in.(20.32cm) internal diameter and 5ft(1.525m) long. The construction layup consisted of an internal corrosion barrier followed by several layers of continuous filament wound glass. A state of pure hoop stress was imposed via an internal pressure system that allowed free axial movement of the pipe. The purpose of the tests was to evaluate current design procedures and to assess the capabilities of acoustic emission (AE) monitoring to detect damage and to predict the leakage pressure for the pipes. Twenty-four specimens were tested to failure with AE monitoring. The results of these tests are presented, including data on the measured ...

To evaluate postoperative long-term cyclic and continuous administration of combined oral contraceptive (OC) pills in preventing endometriosis-related pain recurrence. ... Three hundred eleven women who underwent laparoscopic excision for symptomatic ovarian endometrioma.