Dagur language

A complete bachelor thesis whose aim was to take a closer look at one of the most important political figures of Inner Mongolia during the Republican era in China - Merse (or perhaps better known under his chinese name Guo Daofu 郭道甫). Followed by  transcripts of two rare interviews with Odongowa and Damdinsüren (in mongolian with translation)

According to linguistic classification, Dagur is one of the archaic Mongolic languages. This language is unique, connected to Old Mongol language Khitan, and it has a close relationship with Manchu and Solon Ewenki—two Tungusic languages. The aim of this paper is to show the uniqueness of Dagur language through the representation of the names of body parts from etymological aspect. This paper tries to shed light on how body part names may play in the determination of Dagur language’s place among other Mongolic languages

The aim of this article is to reveal the  etymology of lau ‘four’ in Basque, compared with tawa ‘four’ in Quechuan languages.

Contents
1. The etymology of tawa ‘four’ in Quechuan languages
2. The etymology of lau ‘four’ in Basque
3. A numeral *da ‘a thumb or one’ in Non-Mayans
4. Conclusion
References

This study contributes to clarifying an etymology of -hɔr 'days' in Korean < -*hir, cognate with hi 'day' in Japanese. We know -hɔr 'days' in Korean, where comes from -*hir 'days'. We also know hi 'day' in Japanese. We might conclude that-hɔr < *hir 'days' with a plural marker -*r in Korean be cognate with hi 'day' in Japanese, where -ra in Japanese is a plural marker.

We present a grammar as a framework with its non-modifiable code, where a language with postmodifiers borrow words as loanwords from a language with premodifiers. We know English with premodifiers and French with postmodifiers. Further, we do Chinese with premodifiers and Khitan small script with postmodifiers. We discern dotted and nondotted pairs of graphemes in Khitan small script with postmodifiers, where it borrows words as loanwords from Chinese with premodifiers. We attest that dotted or nondotted graphemes in Khitan small script might denote word order such as postmodifiers or not in Khitan small script, which shows a grammar as a framework with non-modifiable its code, i. e. a dotted grapheme with a dot on middle or top right for readers to understand words as Chinese loanwords in Khitan small script.

The aim of this article is to reveal some languages with wan or *ban or *va (final n-deletion compared with wan) ‘ten’:
wan ‘ten’ in Ainu;
juwan ‘ten’ in Manchu, where *ju ‘hand’, *wan < *ban ‘ten’;
arwan ‘ten’ in Mongolian, where arwan < harwan in 『the Secret History of the Mongols』 in 1240 CE, *har < Gar ‘hand’;
harban ‘ten’ in Dagur, where *har < gar ‘hand’, *ban ‘ten’;
nava ‘nine’ in Pāli or náva ‘nine’ in Sanskrit of *va ‘ten’ with final n-deletion compared with wan ‘ten’ in Ainu;sirhan ‘thirty’ in Old Korean in 1103.

The aim of this article is to reveal the etymology of guī 貴 (玉) of guīšongqor 貴松骨 (玉海靑) ‘white falcon’ compared with gū ‘jade 玉’ in Khitan small script in 1101 CE.

Contents
1. Lee(1966/1991)’s etymology: near in Jurchen language2. Roh(2018)’s etymology: in Khitan small script
ConclusionReferences

You know guīšongqor 貴松骨 (玉海靑) ‘white falcon’ in 1427 CE in 『Sejong Chronicles』 of King Sejong in the Joseon Dynasty period. cf. http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/wda_10902021_003

The purpose of this article is to reveal an accord between the phonological change such as ‘-ri > -ʤ’ in the literature of Khitan small script and ‘*kor > koʤ’(flower) in Korean in the literature of  the Gyerim-Yusa(1103).

Le but de cet article est de révéler un accord entre le changement phonologique tel que ‘-ri > -ʤ’ dans la littérature de petit script en khitan et ‘*kor > koʤ’(fleur) en coréen dans la littérature du Gyerim-Yusa(1103).

이 글의 목적은 거란소자(契丹小字) 문헌(文獻)에 보이는 음운(音韻) 변화(變化) ‘-ri > -ʤ’와 『계림유사(雞林類事)』(1103) ‘花曰骨’(*골 > 곶)의 일치(一致)를 밝히는 것이다.

The aim of this article is to reveal some languages with seven(7), a numeral formed with simply na or da ‘a thumb’ twice(or one each or a plural form) and no numeral ‘five’: Old Japanese, Goguryeo(Koguryo) Language, Manchu, and Khitan small script.